chlorophyll/bacteriochlorophyll a synthase [EC:2.5.1.62 2.5.1.133]

PMID:8552034

Gaubier P, Wu HJ, Laudie M, Delseny M, Grellet F

A chlorophyll synthetase gene from Arabidopsis thaliana.

Mol Gen Genet 249:58-64 (1995)
DOI:10.1007/BF00290236

[ath:AT3G51820]

PMID:26258685

Saga Y, Hirota K, Harada J, Tamiaki H

In Vitro Enzymatic Activities of Bacteriochlorophyll a Synthase Derived from the  Green Sulfur Photosynthetic Bacterium Chlorobaculum tepidum.

Biochemistry 54:4998-5005 (2015)
DOI:10.1021/acs.biochem.5b00311

[cte:CT1610]

chlorophyllase [EC:3.1.1.14]

Transferases;
Transferring alkyl or aryl groups, other than methyl groups;
Transferring alkyl or aryl groups, other than methyl groups (only sub-subclass identified to date)

chlorophyllide-a:phytyl-diphosphate phytyltransferase

chlorophyllide a + phytyl diphosphate = chlorophyll a + diphosphate [RN:R06284]

R06284;
(other) R09067

chlorophyllide a [CPD:C02139];
phytyl diphosphate [CPD:C05427]

Requires Mg2+. The enzyme is modified by binding of the first substrate, phytyl diphosphate, before reaction of the modified enzyme with the second substrate, chlorophyllide a, can occur. The reaction also occurs when phytyl diphosphate is replaced by geranylgeranyl diphosphate.

EC 2.5.1.62 created 2003

1  [PMID:12530542]

Schmid HC, Rassadina V, Oster U, Schoch S, Rudiger W.

Pre-loading of chlorophyll synthase with tetraprenyl diphosphate is an obligatory step in chlorophyll biosynthesis.

Biol. Chem. 383 (2002) 1769-78.

[ag:CAB85464]

2  [PMID:9092496]

Oster U, Bauer CE, Rudiger W.

Characterization of chlorophyll a and bacteriochlorophyll a synthases by heterologous expression in Escherichia coli.

J. Biol. Chem. 272 (1997) 9671-6.

3  [PMID:7408876]

Rudiger W, Benz J, Guthoff C.

Detection and partial characterization of activity of chlorophyll synthetase in etioplast membranes.

Eur. J. Biochem. 109 (1980) 193-200.

Hydrolases;
Acting on ester bonds;
Carboxylic-ester hydrolases

chlorophyll chlorophyllidohydrolase

chlorophyll + H2O = phytol + chlorophyllide

(other) R05618 R09068

chlorophyll [CPD:C01793];
H2O [CPD:C00001]

Chlorophyllase has been found in higher plants, diatoms, and in the green algae Chlorella [3]. This enzyme forms part of the chlorophyll degradation pathway and is thought to take part in de-greening processes such as fruit ripening, leaf senescence and flowering, as well as in the turnover and homeostasis of chlorophyll [4]. This enzyme acts preferentially on chlorophyll a but will also accept chlorophyll b and pheophytins as substrates [5]. Ethylene and methyl jasmonate, which are known to accelerate senescence in many species, can enhance the activity of the hormone-inducible form of this enzyme [5].

EC 3.1.1.14 created 1961, modified 2007

1  [PMID:13715233]

HOLDEN M.

The breakdown of chlorophyll by chlorophyllase.

Biochem. J. 78 (1961) 359-64.

2  [PMID:13756631]

KLEIN AO, VISHNIAC W.

Activity and partial purification of chlorophyllase in aqueous systems.

J. Biol. Chem. 236 (1961) 2544-7.

3  [PMID:10611389]

Tsuchiya T, Ohta H, Okawa K, Iwamatsu A, Shimada H, Masuda T, Takamiya K.

Cloning of chlorophyllase, the key enzyme in chlorophyll degradation: finding of a lipase motif and the induction by methyl jasmonate.

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 96 (1999) 15362-7.

[ag:AAF27045] [ath:AT1G19670 AT5G43860]

4  [PMID:16610227]

Okazawa A, Tango L, Itoh Y, Fukusaki E, Kobayashi A.

Characterization and subcellular localization of chlorophyllase from Ginkgo biloba.

Z. Naturforsch. [C]. 61 (2006) 111-7.

5  [PMID:16669755]

Hortensteiner S.

Chlorophyll degradation during senescence.

Annu. Rev. Plant. Biol. 57 (2006) 55-77.