KEGG   ORTHOLOGY: K13600Help
Entry
K13600                      KO                                     

Name
CAO
Definition
chlorophyllide a oxygenase [EC:1.14.13.122]
Pathway
Porphyrin and chlorophyll metabolism
Brite
KEGG Orthology (KO) [BR:ko00001]
 Metabolism
  Metabolism of cofactors and vitamins
   00860 Porphyrin and chlorophyll metabolism
    K13600  CAO; chlorophyllide a oxygenase
Enzymes [BR:ko01000]
 1. Oxidoreductases
  1.14  Acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen
   1.14.13  With NADH or NADPH as one donor, and incorporation of one atom of oxygen into the other donor
    1.14.13.122  chlorophyllide-a oxygenase
     K13600  CAO; chlorophyllide a oxygenase
BRITE hierarchy
Other DBs
Genes
ATH: 
ALY: 
CRB: 
EUS: 
BRP: 
BNA: 
THJ: 
CIT: 
CIC: 
TCC: 
GRA: 
105769806 105797165
GHI: 
107905015 107924574
EGR: 
104450507
GMX: 
100780485 100805998 100806298 100820586
PVU: 
PHAVU_008G161000g
VRA: 
106780555
VAR: 
108338340
CCAJ: 
109808662 109816058
MTR: 
MTR_1g030480
CAM: 
101515232
ADU: 
107459116
AIP: 
107609200
LJA: 
Lj0g3v0362219.1(Lj0g3v0362219.1)
LANG: 
109328631 109355771 109360317
FVE: 
101307553
PPER: 
18790794
PMUM: 
103319820
MDM: 
103401846 103431681 103441572
PXB: 
103940306
ZJU: 
107421070 107421073 107421081
CSV: 
101205768(CSCAO)
CMO: 
103504061
RCU: 
8274070
JCU: 
105638943
POP: 
POPTR_0002s08380g(POPTRDRAFT_1071581) POPTR_0005s20060g(POPTRDRAFT_716668)
VVI: 
100247245
SLY: 
101244441 101261422
SPEN: 
107004538 107023313
SOT: 
102592765 102594460
INI: 
109177427
SIND: 
105155361 105159469
BVG: 
104893235
NNU: 
104587061 104587818
OSA: 
4349430 4349433(CAO)
DOSA: 
Os10t0567100-01(Os10g0567100) Os10t0567400-01(Os10g0567400)
OBR: 
102716534
BDI: 
100823044
ATS: 
F775_25897
SBI: 
8077402
ZMA: 
100274228 100284976(pco079065e)
SITA: 
101772993
PDA: 
103702743
EGU: 
105037930 105051924
MUS: 
103988166 103989081
ATR: 
18436732
SMO: 
SELMODRAFT_118803 SELMODRAFT_131716
PPP: 
PHYPADRAFT_145243 PHYPADRAFT_149091
CRE: 
CHLREDRAFT_195951(CAO)
VCN: 
VOLCADRAFT_64158
OLU: 
OSTLU_5015
OTA: 
Ot12g01450
BPG: 
Bathy07g03400
MIS: 
MICPUN_104843(CAO2) MICPUN_56065(CAO1)
MPP: 
MICPUCDRAFT_60555(CAO)
CSL: 
COCSUDRAFT_18877
CVR: 
CHLNCDRAFT_54799
APRO: 
F751_5245
ACAN: 
ACA1_033380
 » show all
TaxonomyKoalaUniProt
Reference
  Authors
Oster U, Tanaka R, Tanaka A, Rudiger W
  Title
Cloning and functional expression of the gene encoding the key enzyme for chlorophyll b biosynthesis (CAO) from Arabidopsis thaliana.
  Journal
Plant J 21:305-10 (2000)
DOI:10.1046/j.1365-313x.2000.00672.x
  Sequence
[ath:AT1G44446]
LinkDB All DBs

KEGG   ENZYME: 1.14.13.122Help
Entry
EC 1.14.13.122              Enzyme                                 

Name
chlorophyllide-a oxygenase;
chlorophyllide a oxygenase;
chlorophyll-b synthase;
CAO
Class
Oxidoreductases;
Acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen;
With NADH or NADPH as one donor, and incorporation of one atom of oxygen into the other donor
BRITE hierarchy
Sysname
chlorophyllide-a:oxygen 71-oxidoreductase
Reaction(IUBMB)
chlorophyllide a + 2 O2 + 2 NADPH + 2 H+ = chlorophyllide b + 3 H2O +  NADP+ (overall reaction) [RN:R10080];
(1a) chlorophyllide a + O2 + NADPH + H+ = 71-hydroxychlorophyllide a + H2O + NADP+ [RN:R08203];
(1b) 71-hydroxychlorophyllide a + O2 + NADPH + H+ = chlorophyllide b + 2 H2O + NADP+ [RN:R08204]
Reaction(KEGG)
Substrate
chlorophyllide a [CPD:C02139];
O2 [CPD:C00007];
NADPH [CPD:C00005];
H+ [CPD:C00080];
71-hydroxychlorophyllide a
Product
chlorophyllide b [CPD:C16541];
H2O [CPD:C00001];
NADP+ [CPD:C00006];
71-hydroxychlorophyllide a
Comment
Chlorophyll b is required for the assembly of stable light-harvesting complexes (LHCs) in the chloroplast of green algae, cyanobacteria and plants [2,3]. Contains a mononuclear iron centre [3]. The enzyme catalyses two successive hydroxylations at the 7-methyl group of chlorophyllide a. The second step yields the aldehyde hydrate, which loses H2O spontaneously to form chlorophyllide b [2]. Chlorophyll a and protochlorophyllide a are not substrates [2].
History
EC 1.14.13.122 created 2006 as EC 1.13.12.14, transferred 2011 to EC 1.14.13.122, modified 2011
Pathway
Porphyrin and chlorophyll metabolism
Metabolic pathways
Biosynthesis of secondary metabolites
Orthology
K13600  
chlorophyllide a oxygenase
Genes
ATH: 
ALY: 
CRB: 
EUS: 
BRP: 
BNA: 
THJ: 
CIT: 
CIC: 
TCC: 
GRA: 
105769806 105797165
GHI: 
107905015 107924574
EGR: 
104450507
GMX: 
100780485 100805998 100806298 100820586
PVU: 
PHAVU_008G161000g
VRA: 
106780555
VAR: 
108338340
CCAJ: 
109808662 109816058
MTR: 
MTR_1g030480
CAM: 
101515232
ADU: 
107459116
AIP: 
107609200
LJA: 
Lj0g3v0362219.1(Lj0g3v0362219.1)
LANG: 
109328631 109355771 109360317
FVE: 
101307553
PPER: 
18790794
PMUM: 
103319820
MDM: 
103401846 103431681 103441572
PXB: 
103940306
ZJU: 
107421070 107421073 107421081
CSV: 
101205768(CSCAO)
CMO: 
103504061
RCU: 
8274070
JCU: 
105638943
POP: 
POPTR_0002s08380g(POPTRDRAFT_1071581) POPTR_0005s20060g(POPTRDRAFT_716668)
VVI: 
100247245
SLY: 
101244441 101261422
SPEN: 
107004538 107023313
SOT: 
102592765 102594460
INI: 
109177427
SIND: 
105155361 105159469
BVG: 
104893235
NNU: 
104587061 104587818
OSA: 
4349430 4349433(CAO)
DOSA: 
Os10t0567100-01(Os10g0567100) Os10t0567400-01(Os10g0567400)
OBR: 
102716534
BDI: 
100823044
ATS: 
F775_25897
SBI: 
8077402
ZMA: 
100274228 100284976(pco079065e)
SITA: 
101772993
PDA: 
103702743
EGU: 
105037930 105051924
MUS: 
103988166 103989081
ATR: 
18436732
SMO: 
SELMODRAFT_118803 SELMODRAFT_131716
PPP: 
PHYPADRAFT_145243 PHYPADRAFT_149091
CRE: 
CHLREDRAFT_195951(CAO)
VCN: 
VOLCADRAFT_64158
OLU: 
OSTLU_5015
OTA: 
Ot12g01450
BPG: 
Bathy07g03400
MIS: 
MICPUN_104843(CAO2) MICPUN_56065(CAO1)
MPP: 
MICPUCDRAFT_60555(CAO)
CSL: 
COCSUDRAFT_18877
CVR: 
CHLNCDRAFT_54799
APRO: 
F751_5245
ACAN: 
ACA1_033380
 » show all
Taxonomy
Reference
1  [PMID:10468639]
  Authors
Espineda CE, Linford AS, Devine D, Brusslan JA.
  Title
The AtCAO gene, encoding chlorophyll a oxygenase, is required for chlorophyll b synthesis in Arabidopsis thaliana.
  Journal
Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 96 (1999) 10507-11.
  Sequence
[ath:AT1G44446]
Reference
2  [PMID:10758481]
  Authors
Oster U, Tanaka R, Tanaka A, Rudiger W.
  Title
Cloning and functional expression of the gene encoding the key enzyme for chlorophyll b biosynthesis (CAO) from Arabidopsis thaliana.
  Journal
Plant. J. 21 (2000) 305-10.
  Sequence
[ath:AT1G44446]
Reference
3  [PMID:15086960]
  Authors
Eggink LL, LoBrutto R, Brune DC, Brusslan J, Yamasato A, Tanaka A, Hoober JK.
  Title
Synthesis of chlorophyll b: localization of chlorophyllide a oxygenase and discovery of a stable radical in the catalytic subunit.
  Journal
BMC. Plant. Biol. 4 (2004) 5.
  Sequence
Reference
4  [PMID:8307032]
  Authors
Porra RJ, Schafer W, Cmiel E, Katheder I, Scheer H.
  Title
The derivation of the formyl-group oxygen of chlorophyll b in higher plants from molecular oxygen. Achievement of high enrichment of the 7-formyl-group oxygen from 18O2 in greening maize leaves.
  Journal
Eur. J. Biochem. 219 (1994) 671-9.
Other DBs
ExplorEnz - The Enzyme Database: 
IUBMB Enzyme Nomenclature: 
ExPASy - ENZYME nomenclature database: 
BRENDA, the Enzyme Database: 
CAS: 
216503-73-0
LinkDB All DBs

KEGG   REACTION: R08203Help
Entry
R08203                      Reaction                               

Name
chlorophyllide-a,NADPH:oxygen 7(1)-oxidoreductase (hydroxylating)
Definition
Chlorophyllide + Oxygen + NADPH + H+ <=> 7(1)-Hydroxychlorophyllide a + H2O + NADP+
Equation
Comment
first step of two-step reaction (see R10080, R08203+R08204)
Reaction class
C00005_C00006
C02139_C16540
Enzyme
Pathway
Porphyrin and chlorophyll metabolism
Metabolic pathways
Biosynthesis of secondary metabolites
Orthology
K13600  
chlorophyllide a oxygenase [EC:1.14.13.122]
LinkDB All DBs

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