KEGG PATHWAY: sce04138

KEGG

PATHWAY: sce04138

Entry

sce04138                    Pathway

Name

Autophagy - yeast - Saccharomyces cerevisiae (budding yeast)

Description

Autophagy is a non-selective and bulk intracellular degradation system of eukaryotic cells and is highly conserved from yeast to human. In this process, the double-membrane vesicle, known as autophagosome, is formed and sequesters organelles or portions of cytosol. The autophagosome is subsequently fused with the vacuole for breakdown by resident hydrolases, and the resulting metabolites are delivered for reuse. In yeast, nutrient withdrawal is the primary stimulus that induces autophagy. Autophagy plays a central role in normal development and cell homeostasis of yeast.

Class

Cellular Processes; Transport and catabolism

Pathway map

Autophagy - yeast

Other DBs

GO:

Organism

Saccharomyces cerevisiae (budding yeast) [GN:sce]

Gene

RAS2; Ras family GTPase RAS2 [KO:K07827]

RAS1; Ras family GTPase RAS1 [KO:K07827]

TPK1; cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit TPK1 [KO:K04345] [EC:2.7.11.11]

TPK2; cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit TPK2 [KO:K04345] [EC:2.7.11.11]

TPK3; cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit TPK3 [KO:K04345] [EC:2.7.11.11]

ELM1; serine/threonine protein kinase ELM1 [KO:K16314] [EC:2.7.11.1]

SAK1; serine/threonine protein kinase SAK1 [KO:K21157] [EC:2.7.11.1]

TOS3; serine/threonine protein kinase TOS3 [KO:K21158] [EC:2.7.11.1]

SNF1; AMP-activated serine/threonine-protein kinase catalytic subunit SNF1 [KO:K12761] [EC:2.7.11.1]

ATG1; serine/threonine protein kinase ATG1 [KO:K08269] [EC:2.7.11.1]

ATG13; serine/threonine protein kinase regulatory subunit ATG13 [KO:K08331]

ATG17; protein kinase regulatory subunit ATG17 [KO:K08329]

ATG31; Atg31p [KO:K21144]

ATG29; Atg29p [KO:K21143]

ATG9; autophagy protein ATG9 [KO:K17907]

ATG2; Atg2p [KO:K17906]

ATG18; phosphoinositide binding protein ATG18 [KO:K17908]

ATG21; Atg21p [KO:K17908]

ATG23; Atg23p [KO:K17909]

ATG27; Atg27p [KO:K21141]

ATG11; autophagy protein ATG11 [KO:K08330]

ARP2; actin-related protein 2 [KO:K17260]

ARP3; actin-related protein 3 [KO:K18584]

ARC40; Arc40p [KO:K05757]

ARC35; Arc35p [KO:K05758]

ARC18; Arc18p [KO:K05756]

ARC19; Arc19p [KO:K05755]

ARC15; Arc15p [KO:K05754]

SCH9; serine/threonine protein kinase SCH9 [KO:K19800] [EC:2.7.11.1]

SLT2; mitogen-activated serine/threonine-protein kinase SLT2 [KO:K04464] [EC:2.7.11.24]

LCB2; serine C-palmitoyltransferase LCB2 [KO:K00654] [EC:2.3.1.50]

LCB1; serine C-palmitoyltransferase LCB1 [KO:K00654] [EC:2.3.1.50]

KOG1; ubiquitin-binding TORC1 subunit KOG1 [KO:K07204]

TOR1; phosphatidylinositol kinase-related protein kinase TOR1 [KO:K07203] [EC:2.7.11.1]

TOR2; phosphatidylinositol kinase-related protein kinase TOR2 [KO:K07203] [EC:2.7.11.1]

LST8; TOR complex subunit LST8 [KO:K08266]

TAP42; Tap42p [KO:K17606]

PPH21; phosphoprotein phosphatase 2A catalytic subunit PPH21 [KO:K04382] [EC:3.1.3.16]

PPH22; phosphoprotein phosphatase 2A catalytic subunit PPH22 [KO:K04382] [EC:3.1.3.16]

TIP41; Tip41p [KO:K17607]

RIM15; protein kinase RIM15 [KO:K12767] [EC:2.7.11.36]

MSN4; stress-responsive transcriptional activator MSN4 [KO:K09468]

MSN2; stress-responsive transcriptional activator MSN2 [KO:K09468]

GCN2; serine/threonine-protein kinase GCN2 [KO:K16196] [EC:2.7.11.1]

SUI2; translation initiation factor eIF2 subunit alpha [KO:K03237]

GCN4; amino acid starvation-responsive transcription factor GCN4 [KO:K09464]

PHO85; cyclin-dependent serine/threonine-protein kinase PHO85 [KO:K06655] [EC:2.7.11.22]

PCL5; Pcl5p [KO:K21197]

UME6; DNA-binding transcriptional regulator UME6 [KO:K09243]

ATG8; ubiquitin-like protein ATG8 [KO:K08341]

VPS30; beclin 1 [KO:K08334]

ATG14; Atg14p [KO:K08335]

ATG38; Atg38p [KO:K21145]

VPS15; ubiquitin-binding serine/threonine protein kinase VPS15 [KO:K08333] [EC:2.7.11.1]

VPS34; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase VPS34 [KO:K00914] [EC:2.7.1.137]

ARG82; inositol polyphosphate multikinase [KO:K00915] [EC:2.7.1.140 2.7.1.151]

KCS1; inositol polyphosphate kinase KCS1 [KO:K07756] [EC:2.7.4.21]

YMR1; phosphatidylinositol-3-phosphatase YMR1 [KO:K18083] [EC:3.1.3.64 3.1.3.95]

ATG12; Atg12p [KO:K08336]

ATG7; Atg7p [KO:K08337]

ATG10; E2-like conjugating enzyme [KO:K08338]

ATG5; Atg5p [KO:K08339]

ATG16; Atg16p [KO:K08340]

ATG3; Atg3p [KO:K08343]

ATG4; cysteine protease ATG4 [KO:K08342] [EC:3.4.22.-]

VAM3; SNAP receptor VAM3 [KO:K21155]

VAM7; Vam7p [KO:K08502]

VTI1; v-SNARE protein VTI1 [KO:K08493]

YKT6; palmitoyltransferase YKT6 [KO:K08516]

SEC18; AAA family ATPase SEC18 [KO:K06027] [EC:3.6.4.6]

SEC17; Sec17p [KO:K15296]

YPT7; Rab family GTPase YPT7 [KO:K07897]

MON1; Mon1p [KO:K20195]

CCZ1; Ccz1p [KO:K21156]

PEP5; tethering complex subunit PEP5 [KO:K20179]

VPS16; tethering complex subunit VPS16 [KO:K20180]

PEP3; tethering complex subunit PEP3 [KO:K20181]

VPS33; tethering complex ATP-binding subunit VPS33 [KO:K20182]

VPS3; CORVET complex subunit VPS3 [KO:K20177]

VPS8; CORVET complex membrane-binding subunit VPS8 [KO:K20178]

VAM6; Vam6p [KO:K20183]

VPS41; Vps41p [KO:K20184]

VPS45; Vps45p [KO:K12479]

PEP4; proteinase A [KO:K01381] [EC:3.4.23.25]

PRB1; proteinase B [KO:K01336] [EC:3.4.21.48 3.4.21.-]

YSP3; putative subtilisin-like protease YSP3 [KO:K01336] [EC:3.4.21.48 3.4.21.-]

ATG15; triglyceride lipase ATG15 [KO:K17900] [EC:3.1.1.3]

ATG22; Atg22p [KO:K06902]

AVT4; Avt4p [KO:K14209]

AVT3; Avt3p [KO:K14209]

Compound

Phosphatidylethanolamine

1-Phosphatidyl-D-myo-inositol

1-Phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 3-phosphate

Reference

Authors

Klionsky DJ, Emr SD.

Title

Autophagy as a regulated pathway of cellular degradation.

Journal

Science 290:1717-21 (2000)
DOI:10.1126/science.290.5497.1717

Reference

Authors

Thompson AR, Vierstra RD.

Title

Autophagic recycling: lessons from yeast help define the process in plants.

Journal

Curr Opin Plant Biol 8:165-73 (2005)
DOI:10.1016/j.pbi.2005.01.013

Reference

Authors

Lum JJ, DeBerardinis RJ, Thompson CB.

Title

Autophagy in metazoans: cell survival in the land of plenty.

Journal

Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 6:439-48 (2005)
DOI:10.1038/nrm1660

Reference

Authors

Reggiori F, Klionsky DJ.

Title

Autophagosomes: biogenesis from scratch?

Journal

Curr Opin Cell Biol 17:415-22 (2005)
DOI:10.1016/j.ceb.2005.06.007

Reference

Authors

Levine B, Yuan J.

Title

Autophagy in cell death: an innocent convict?

Journal

J Clin Invest 115:2679-88 (2005)
DOI:10.1172/JCI26390

Reference

Authors

Nakatogawa H, Suzuki K, Kamada Y, Ohsumi Y

Title

Dynamics and diversity in autophagy mechanisms: lessons from yeast.

Journal

Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 10:458-67 (2009)
DOI:10.1038/nrm2708

Reference

Authors

He C, Klionsky DJ

Title

Regulation mechanisms and signaling pathways of autophagy.

Journal

Annu Rev Genet 43:67-93 (2009)
DOI:10.1146/annurev-genet-102808-114910

Reference

Authors

Yang Z, Klionsky DJ

Title

An overview of the molecular mechanism of autophagy.

Journal

Curr Top Microbiol Immunol 335:1-32 (2009)
DOI:10.1007/978-3-642-00302-8_1

Reference

Authors

Chen Y, Klionsky DJ

Title

The regulation of autophagy - unanswered questions.

Journal

J Cell Sci 124:161-70 (2011)
DOI:10.1242/jcs.064576

Reference

Authors

Mizushima N, Yoshimori T, Ohsumi Y

Title

The role of Atg proteins in autophagosome formation.

Journal

Annu Rev Cell Dev Biol 27:107-32 (2011)
DOI:10.1146/annurev-cellbio-092910-154005

Reference

Authors

Reggiori F, Klionsky DJ

Title

Autophagic processes in yeast: mechanism, machinery and regulation.

Journal

Genetics 194:341-61 (2013)
DOI:10.1534/genetics.112.149013

Reference

Authors

Jin M, Klionsky DJ

Title

Regulation of autophagy: modulation of the size and number of autophagosomes.

Journal

FEBS Lett 588:2457-63 (2014)
DOI:10.1016/j.febslet.2014.06.015

Reference

Authors

Noda NN, Fujioka Y

Title

Atg1 family kinases in autophagy initiation.

Journal

Cell Mol Life Sci 72:3083-96 (2015)
DOI:10.1007/s00018-015-1917-z

KO pathway

LinkDB

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