Entry |
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Name |
Gastric cancer |
Description |
Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the world's most common cancers. According to Lauren's histological classification gastric cancer is divided into two distinct histological groups - the intestinal and diffuse types. Several genetic changes have been identified in intestinal-type GC. The intestinal metaplasia is characterized by mutations in p53 gene, reduced expression of retinoic acid receptor beta (RAR-beta) and hTERT expression. Gastric adenomas furthermore display mutations in the APC gene, reduced p27 expression and cyclin E amplification. In addition, amplification and overexpression of c-ErbB2, reduced TGF-beta receptor type I (TGFBRI) expression and complete loss of p27 expression are commonly observed in more advanced GC. The main molecular changes observed in diffuse-type GCs include loss of E-cadherin function by mutations in CDH1and amplification of MET and FGFR2F.
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Category |
Cancer
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Brite |
Human diseases [BR:br08402]
Cancers
Cancers of the digestive system
H00018 Gastric cancer
Human diseases in ICD-11 classification [BR:br08403]
02 Neoplasms
Malignant neoplasms, except of lymphoid, haematopoietic, central nervous system or related tissues
Malignant neoplasms, stated or presumed to be primary, of specified sites, except of lymphoid, haematopoietic, central nervous system or related tissues
Malignant neoplasms of digestive organs
2B72 Malignant neoplasms of stomach
H00018 Gastric cancer
Tumor markers [br08442.html]
H00018
Cancer-associated carbohydrates [br08441.html]
H00018
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Pathway |
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Network |
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Element |
N00012 | Mutation-activated KRAS/NRAS to ERK signaling pathway |
N00020 | Amplified FGFR to RAS-ERK signaling pathway |
N00038 | Amplified FGFR to PI3K signaling pathway |
N00057 | Mutation-inactivated APC to Wnt signaling pathway |
N00115 | Mutation-inactivated TP53 to transcription |
N00240 | TERT-overexpression to telomerase activity |
N00250 | CDX2-overexpression to transcriptional activation |
N00251 | CDX2-overexpression to transcriptional repression |
N00252 | Amplified ERBB2 to RAS-ERK signaling pathway |
N00253 | Amplified ERBB2 to PI3K signaling pathway |
N00254 | CDKN1B-reduced expression to p27-cell cycle G1/S |
N00255 | Amplified CCNE to cell cycle G1/S |
N00256 | TGFBR1-reduced expression to TGF-beta signaling pathway |
N00257 | Loss of CDH1 to beta-catenin signaling pathway |
N00258 | Mutation-inactivated CDH1 to beta-catenin signaling pathway |
N00259 | Amplified MET to RAS-ERK signaling pathway |
N00260 | Amplified MET to PI3K signaling pathway |
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Gene |
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Carcinogen |
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Pathogen |
Helicobacter pylori (infection with) |
Drug |
Floxuridine [DR: D04197]
Trifluridine and tipiracil hydrochloride [DR: D10526]
Docetaxel [DR: D07866]
Docetaxel [DR: D02165]
Doxorubicin hydrochloride [DR: D01275]
Mitomycin [DR: D00208]
Trastuzumab [DR: D03257] (HER2 overexpressing)
Pembrolizumab [DR: D10574] (PD-L1 expressed)
Ramucirumab [DR: D09371]
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Comment |
ICD-O: 8140/3, Tumor type: Adenocarcinoma
ICD-O: 8144/3, Tumor type: intestinal type
ICD-O: 8145/3, Tumor type: diffuse type
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Other DBs |
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Reference |
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Authors |
Werner M, Becker KF, Keller G, Hofler H. |
Title |
Gastric adenocarcinoma: pathomorphology and molecular pathology. |
Journal |
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Reference |
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Authors |
Zheng L, Wang L, Ajani J, Xie K. |
Title |
Molecular basis of gastric cancer development and progression. |
Journal |
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Reference |
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Authors |
Tan P, Yeoh KG |
Title |
Genetics and Molecular Pathogenesis of Gastric Adenocarcinoma. |
Journal |
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Reference |
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Authors |
Riquelme I, Saavedra K, Espinoza JA, Weber H, Garcia P, Nervi B, Garrido M, Corvalan AH, Roa JC, Bizama C |
Title |
Molecular classification of gastric cancer: Towards a pathway-driven targeted therapy. |
Journal |
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Reference |
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Authors |
Stock M, Otto F |
Title |
Gene deregulation in gastric cancer. |
Journal |
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Reference |
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Authors |
Panani AD |
Title |
Cytogenetic and molecular aspects of gastric cancer: clinical implications. |
Journal |
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Reference |
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Authors |
Vauhkonen M, Vauhkonen H, Sipponen P |
Title |
Pathology and molecular biology of gastric cancer. |
Journal |
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Reference |
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Authors |
Schottenfeld D, Beebe-Dimmer JL. |
Title |
Advances in cancer epidemiology: understanding causal mechanisms and the evidence for implementing interventions. |
Journal |
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Reference |
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Authors |
Luch A. |
Title |
Nature and nurture - lessons from chemical carcinogenesis. |
Journal |
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LinkDB |
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