Entry |
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Name |
Endometrial cancer |
Description |
Endometrial cancer (EC) is the most common gynaecological malignancy and the fourth most common malignancy in women in the developed world after breast, colorectal and lung cancer. Two types of endometrial carcinoma are distinguished with respect to biology and clinical course. Type-I carcinoma is related to hyperestrogenism by association with endometrial hyperplasia, frequent expression of estrogen and progesterone receptors and younger age, whereas type-II carcinoma is unrelated to estrogen, associated with atrophic endometrium, frequent lack of estrogen and progesterone receptors and older age. The morphologic differences in these cancers are mirrored in their molecular genetic profile with type I showing defects in DNA-mismatch repair and mutations in PTEN, K-ras, and beta-catenin, and type II showing aneuploidy, p53 mutations, and her2/neu amplification.
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Category |
Cancer
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Brite |
Human diseases [BR:br08402]
Cancers
Cancers of the breast and female genital organs
H00026 Endometrial cancer
Human diseases in ICD-11 classification [BR:br08403]
02 Neoplasms
Malignant neoplasms, except of lymphoid, haematopoietic, central nervous system or related tissues
Malignant neoplasms, stated or presumed to be primary, of specified sites, except of lymphoid, haematopoietic, central nervous system or related tissues
Malignant neoplasms of female genital organs
2C76 Malignant neoplasms of corpus uteri
H00026 Endometrial cancer
Cancer-associated carbohydrates [br08441.html]
H00026
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Pathway |
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Network |
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Element |
N00012 | Mutation-activated KRAS/NRAS to ERK signaling pathway |
N00052 | Mutation-inactivated PTEN to PI3K signaling pathway |
N00058 | Mutation-activated CTNNB1 to Wnt signaling pathway |
N00115 | Mutation-inactivated TP53 to transcription |
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Gene |
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Carcinogen |
Estrogen therapy, postmenopausal
Tamoxifen [CPD: C07108]
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Drug |
Medroxyprogesterone acetate [DR: D00951]
Lenvatinib mesylate [DR: D09920]
Pembrolizumab [DR: D10574] (MSI-H or dMMR)
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Comment |
ICD-O: 9380/3, Tumor type: Endometrioid adenocarcinoma
ICD-O: 8441/3, Tumor type: Serous adenocarcinoma
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Other DBs |
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Reference |
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Authors |
Hecht JL, Mutter GL. |
Title |
Molecular and pathologic aspects of endometrial carcinogenesis. |
Journal |
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Reference |
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Authors |
Ryan AJ, Susil B, Jobling TW, Oehler MK. |
Title |
Endometrial cancer. |
Journal |
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Reference |
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Authors |
Salvesen HB, Akslen LA. |
Title |
Molecular pathogenesis and prognostic factors in endometrial carcinoma. |
Journal |
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Reference |
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Authors |
Shiozawa T, Konishi I. |
Title |
Early endometrial carcinoma: clinicopathology, hormonal aspects, molecular genetics, diagnosis, and treatment. |
Journal |
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Reference |
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Authors |
Ito K. |
Title |
Hormone replacement therapy and cancers: the biological roles of estrogen and progestin in tumorigenesis are different between the endometrium and breast. |
Journal |
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Reference |
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Authors |
Yeh IT. |
Title |
Postmenopausal hormone replacement therapy: endometrial and breast effects. |
Journal |
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Reference |
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Authors |
White IN. |
Title |
The tamoxifen dilemma. |
Journal |
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Reference |
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Authors |
Marjoniemi VM. |
Title |
Immunohistochemistry in gynaecological pathology: a review. |
Journal |
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Reference |
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Authors |
Prat J. |
Title |
Prognostic parameters of endometrial carcinoma. |
Journal |
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Reference |
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Authors |
Gadducci A, Cosio S, Carpi A, Nicolini A, Genazzani AR. |
Title |
Serum tumor markers in the management of ovarian, endometrial and cervical cancer. |
Journal |
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LinkDB |
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