Entry |
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Name |
steroid 21-monooxygenase;
steroid 21-hydroxylase;
21-hydroxylase;
P450c21;
CYP21A2 (gene name)
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Class |
Oxidoreductases;
Acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen;
With reduced flavin or flavoprotein as one donor, and incorporation of one atom of oxygen into the other donor
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Sysname |
steroid,NADPH---hemoprotein reductase:oxygen oxidoreductase (21-hydroxylating)
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Reaction(IUBMB) |
a C21 steroid + [reduced NADPH---hemoprotein reductase] + O2 = a 21-hydroxy-C21-steroid + [oxidized NADPH---hemoprotein reductase] + H2O [RN: R02130]
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Reaction(KEGG) |
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Substrate |
C21 steroid;
[reduced NADPH---hemoprotein reductase] [CPD: C03024];
O2 [CPD: C00007]
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Product |
21-hydroxy-C21-steroid;
[oxidized NADPH---hemoprotein reductase] [CPD: C03161];
H2O [CPD: C00001]
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Comment |
A P-450 heme-thiolate protein responsible for the conversion of progesterone and 17alpha-hydroxyprogesterone to their respective 21-hydroxylated derivatives, 11-deoxycorticosterone and 11-deoxycortisol. Involved in the biosynthesis of the hormones aldosterone and cortisol. The electron donor is EC 1.6.2.4, NADPH---hemoprotein reductase.
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History |
EC 1.14.14.16 created 1961 as EC 1.99.1.11, transferred 1965 to EC 1.14.1.8, transferred 1972 to EC 1.14.99.10, modified 2013, transferred 2015 to EC 1.14.14.16
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Pathway |
ec00140 | Steroid hormone biosynthesis |
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Orthology |
K00513 | steroid 21-monooxygenase |
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Genes |
» show all
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Reference |
|
Authors |
DORFMAN RI, HAYANO M. |
Title |
The action of adrenal homogenates on progesterone, 17-hydroxyprogesterone and 21-desoxycortisone. |
Journal |
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Reference |
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Authors |
PLAGER JE, SAMUELS LT. |
Title |
Synthesis of C14-17-hydroxy-11-desoxycorticosterone and 17-hydroxycorticosterone by fractionated extracts of adrenal homogenates. |
Journal |
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Reference |
|
Authors |
RYAN KJ, ENGEL LL. |
Title |
Hydroxylation of steroids at carbon 21. |
Journal |
J Biol Chem 225:103-14 (1957) |
Reference |
|
Authors |
Kominami S, Ochi H, Kobayashi Y, Takemori S |
Title |
Studies on the steroid hydroxylation system in adrenal cortex microsomes. Purification and characterization of cytochrome P-450 specific for steroid C-21 hydroxylation. |
Journal |
J Biol Chem 255:3386-94 (1980) |
Reference |
|
Authors |
Martineau I, Belanger A, Tchernof A, Tremblay Y |
Title |
Molecular cloning and expression of guinea pig cytochrome P450c21 cDNA (steroid 21-hydroxylase) isolated from the adrenals. |
Journal |
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Reference |
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Authors |
Arase M, Waterman MR, Kagawa N |
Title |
Purification and characterization of bovine steroid 21-hydroxylase (P450c21) efficiently expressed in Escherichia coli. |
Journal |
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Other DBs |
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LinkDB |
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