| Entry |
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| Name |
mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase;
MAP kinase kinase;
MAP kinase kinase 4;
MAP kinase kinase 7;
MAP kinase or ERK kinase;
MAP2K;
MAPKK;
MAPKK1;
MEK;
MEK1;
MEK2;
MKK;
MKK2;
MKK4;
MKK6;
MKK7;
STK27
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| Class |
Transferases;
Transferring phosphorus-containing groups;
Dual-specificity kinases (those acting on Ser/Thr and Tyr residues)
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| Sysname |
ATP:protein phosphotransferase (MAPKKK-activated)
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| Reaction(IUBMB) |
ATP + a protein = ADP + a phosphoprotein [RN: R00162]
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| Reaction(KEGG) |
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| Substrate |
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| Product |
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| Comment |
This enzyme is a dual-specific protein kinase and requires mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase (MAPKKK) for activation. It is required for activation of EC 2.7.11.24, mitogen-activated protein kinase. Phosphorylation of MEK1 by Raf involves phosphorylation of two serine residues [5]. Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signal transduction pathways are among the most widespread mechanisms of cellular regulation. Mammalian MAPK pathways can be recruited by a wide variety of stimuli including hormones (e.g. insulin and growth hormone), mitogens (e.g. epidermal growth factor and platelet-derived growth factor), vasoactive peptides (e.g. angiotensin-II and endothelin), inflammatory cytokines of the tumour necrosis factor (TNF) family and environmental stresses such as osmotic shock, ionizing radiation and ischaemic injury.
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| History |
EC 2.7.12.2 created 2005
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| Orthology |
| K04368 | mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1 |
| K04369 | mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 2 |
| K04430 | mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 4 |
| K04431 | mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 7 |
| K04432 | mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 3 |
| K04433 | mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 6 |
| K04463 | mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 5 |
| K08294 | mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase |
| K11226 | mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase |
| K11227 | mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase |
| K13413 | mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 4/5 |
| K19763 | dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase JKK-1 |
| K20602 | mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1 |
| K20603 | mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 2 |
| K20604 | mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 9 |
| K20607 | mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 3 |
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| Genes |
» show all
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| Reference |
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| Authors |
Mordret G. |
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| Title |
MAP kinase kinase: a node connecting multiple pathways. |
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| Journal |
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| Reference |
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| Authors |
Zheng CF, Guan KL. |
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| Title |
Cloning and characterization of two distinct human extracellular signal-regulated kinase activator kinases, MEK1 and MEK2. |
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| Journal |
J Biol Chem 268:11435-9 (1993) |
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| Sequence |
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| Reference |
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| Authors |
Wu J, Harrison JK, Dent P, Lynch KR, Weber MJ, Sturgill TW. |
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| Title |
Identification and characterization of a new mammalian mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase, MKK2. |
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| Journal |
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| Sequence |
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| Reference |
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| Authors |
Alessi DR, Saito Y, Campbell DG, Cohen P, Sithanandam G, Rapp U, Ashworth A, Marshall CJ, Cowley S. |
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| Title |
Identification of the sites in MAP kinase kinase-1 phosphorylated by p74raf-1. |
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| Journal |
EMBO J 13:1610-9 (1994) |
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| Sequence |
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| Reference |
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| Authors |
Pham CD, Arlinghaus RB, Zheng CF, Guan KL, Singh B. |
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| Title |
Characterization of MEK1 phosphorylation by the v-Mos protein. |
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| Journal |
Oncogene 10:1683-8 (1995) |
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| Reference |
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| Authors |
Han J, Lee JD, Jiang Y, Li Z, Feng L, Ulevitch RJ. |
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| Title |
Characterization of the structure and function of a novel MAP kinase kinase (MKK6). |
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| Journal |
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| Sequence |
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| Other DBs |
| ExplorEnz - The Enzyme Database: | 2.7.12.2 |
| ExPASy - ENZYME nomenclature database: | 2.7.12.2 |
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| LinkDB |
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