| Entry |
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| Name |
aerobactin synthase;
iucC (gene name)
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| Class |
Ligases;
Forming carbon-nitrogen bonds;
Acid-D-amino-acid ligases (peptide synthases)
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| Sysname |
N2-citryl-N6-acetyl-N6-hydroxy-L-lysine:N6-acetyl-N6-hydroxy-L-lysine ligase (AMP-forming)
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| Reaction(IUBMB) |
ATP + N2-citryl-N6-acetyl-N6-hydroxy-L-lysine + N6-acetyl-N6-hydroxy-L-lysine = AMP + diphosphate + aerobactin [RN: R10091]
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| Reaction(KEGG) |
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| Substrate |
ATP [CPD: C00002];
N2-citryl-N6-acetyl-N6-hydroxy-L-lysine [CPD: C20333];
N6-acetyl-N6-hydroxy-L-lysine [CPD: C03955]
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| Product |
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| Comment |
Requires Mg2+. The enzyme is involved in the biosynthesis of aerobactin, a dihydroxamate siderophore. It belongs to a class of siderophore synthases known as type C nonribosomal peptide synthase-independent synthases (NIS). Type C enzymes are responsible for the formation of amide or ester bonds between a variety of substrates and a prochiral carboxyl group of a citrate molecule that is already linked to a different moiety at its other prochiral carboxyl group. The enzyme is believed to form an adenylate intermediate prior to ligation.
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| History |
EC 6.3.2.39 created 2012, modified 2019
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| Pathway |
| ec00997 | Biosynthesis of various secondary metabolites - part 3 |
| ec01110 | Biosynthesis of secondary metabolites |
| ec01120 | Microbial metabolism in diverse environments |
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| Orthology |
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| Genes |
» show all
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| Reference |
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| Authors |
Gibson F, Magrath DI. |
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| Title |
The isolation and characterization of a hydroxamic acid (aerobactin) formed by Aerobacter aerogenes 62-I. |
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| Journal |
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| Reference |
2 |
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| Authors |
Maurer, P.J. and Miller, M. |
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| Title |
Microbial iron chelators: total synthesis of aerobactin and its constituent amino acid, N6-acetyl-N6-hydroxylysine. |
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| Journal |
J Am Chem Soc 104:3096-3101 (1982) |
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| Reference |
3 |
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| Authors |
Appanna, D.L., Grundy, B.J., Szczepan, E.W. and Viswanatha, T. |
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| Title |
Aerobactin synthesis in a cell-free system of Aerobacter aerogenes 62-1. |
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| Journal |
Biochim Biophys Acta 801:437-443 (1984) |
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| Reference |
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| Authors |
de Lorenzo V, Bindereif A, Paw BH, Neilands JB |
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| Title |
Aerobactin biosynthesis and transport genes of plasmid ColV-K30 in Escherichia coli K-12. |
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| Journal |
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| Sequence |
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| Reference |
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| Authors |
de Lorenzo V, Neilands JB |
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| Title |
Characterization of iucA and iucC genes of the aerobactin system of plasmid ColV-K30 in Escherichia coli. |
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| Journal |
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| Sequence |
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| Reference |
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| Authors |
Challis GL. |
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| Title |
A widely distributed bacterial pathway for siderophore biosynthesis independent of nonribosomal peptide synthetases. |
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| Journal |
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| Reference |
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| Authors |
Oves-Costales D, Kadi N, Challis GL |
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| Title |
The long-overlooked enzymology of a nonribosomal peptide synthetase-independent pathway for virulence-conferring siderophore biosynthesis. |
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| Journal |
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| Other DBs |
| ExplorEnz - The Enzyme Database: | 6.3.2.39 |
| ExPASy - ENZYME nomenclature database: | 6.3.2.39 |
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| LinkDB |
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