Entry
Name
MAPK signaling pathway - Equus asinus (ass)
Description
The mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascade is a highly conserved module that is involved in various cellular functions, including cell proliferation, differentiation and migration. Mammals express at least four distinctly regulated groups of MAPKs, extracellular signal-related kinases (ERK)-1/2, Jun amino-terminal kinases (JNK1/2/3), p38 proteins (p38alpha/beta/gamma/delta) and ERK5, that are activated by specific MAPKKs: MEK1/2 for ERK1/2, MKK3/6 for the p38, MKK4/7 (JNKK1/2) for the JNKs, and MEK5 for ERK5. Each MAPKK, however, can be activated by more than one MAPKKK, increasing the complexity and diversity of MAPK signalling. Presumably each MAPKKK confers responsiveness to distinct stimuli. For example, activation of ERK1/2 by growth factors depends on the MAPKKK c-Raf, but other MAPKKKs may activate ERK1/2 in response to pro-inflammatory stimuli.
Class
Environmental Information Processing; Signal transduction
BRITE hierarchy
Pathway map
Ortholog table
Other DBs
Organism
Equus asinus (ass) [GN:
eai ]
Gene
106844288 CACNA1A; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: voltage-dependent P/Q-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1A [KO:K04344 ]
106822757 CACNA1B; voltage-dependent N-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1B isoform X1 [KO:K04849 ]
106839455 CACNA1C; voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1C isoform X1 [KO:K04850 ]
106822066 CACNA1D; voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1D isoform X8 [KO:K04851 ]
106833978 CACNA1E; voltage-dependent R-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1E isoform X1 [KO:K04852 ]
106826963 CACNA1F; voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1F isoform X1 [KO:K04853 ]
106826471 CACNA1G; voltage-dependent T-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1G isoform X1 [KO:K04854 ]
106836269 CACNA1H; voltage-dependent T-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1H isoform X1 [KO:K04855 ]
106842428 CACNA1I; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: voltage-dependent T-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1I [KO:K04856 ]
106823553 CACNA1S; voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1S isoform X3 [KO:K04857 ]
106840179 CACNA2D1; voltage-dependent calcium channel subunit alpha-2/delta-1 isoform X3 [KO:K04858 ]
106830655 CACNA2D2; voltage-dependent calcium channel subunit alpha-2/delta-2 isoform X1 [KO:K04859 ]
106848683 CACNA2D3; voltage-dependent calcium channel subunit alpha-2/delta-3 [KO:K04860 ]
106839431 CACNA2D4; voltage-dependent calcium channel subunit alpha-2/delta-4 [KO:K04861 ]
106826374 CACNB1; voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit beta-1 isoform X1 [KO:K04862 ]
106834416 CACNB2; voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit beta-2 isoform X3 [KO:K04863 ]
106836823 CACNB3; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit beta-3 [KO:K04864 ]
106824678 CACNB4; voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit beta-4 isoform X1 [KO:K04865 ]
106835563 CACNG1; voltage-dependent calcium channel gamma-1 subunit [KO:K04866 ]
106837570 CACNG2; voltage-dependent calcium channel gamma-2 subunit isoform X1 [KO:K04867 ]
106823836 CACNG3; voltage-dependent calcium channel gamma-3 subunit [KO:K04868 ]
106835565 CACNG4; voltage-dependent calcium channel gamma-4 subunit isoform X1 [KO:K04869 ]
106835564 CACNG5; voltage-dependent calcium channel gamma-5 subunit [KO:K04870 ]
106840861 CACNG6; voltage-dependent calcium channel gamma-6 subunit isoform X1 [KO:K04871 ]
106840860 CACNG7; voltage-dependent calcium channel gamma-7 subunit [KO:K04872 ]
106840954 CACNG8; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: voltage-dependent calcium channel gamma-8 subunit [KO:K04873 ]
106834780 GNA12; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit alpha-12 [KO:K04346 ]
106826929 GNG14; putative guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-14 isoform X1 [KO:K04347 ]
106825068 GNG12; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-12 [KO:K04347 ]
106847712 PPP3CC; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2B catalytic subunit gamma isoform isoform X4 [KO:K04348 ] [EC:3.1.3.16 ]
106834431 PPP3CA; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2B catalytic subunit alpha isoform [KO:K04348 ] [EC:3.1.3.16 ]
106842388 PPP3CB; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2B catalytic subunit beta isoform isoform X3 [KO:K04348 ] [EC:3.1.3.16 ]
106840813 RASGRF1; ras-specific guanine nucleotide-releasing factor 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04349 ]
106841155 RASGRF2; ras-specific guanine nucleotide-releasing factor 2 isoform X1 [KO:K12326 ]
106823789 RAPGEF2; rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2 isoform X1 [KO:K08018 ]
106829795 EGF; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: pro-epidermal growth factor [KO:K04357 ]
106844246 FGF4; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: fibroblast growth factor 4 [KO:K04358 ]
106831440 FGF23; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: fibroblast growth factor 23 [KO:K22428 ]
106834748 PDGFA; platelet-derived growth factor subunit A isoform X3 [KO:K04359 ]
106836855 PDGFB; platelet-derived growth factor subunit B isoform X1 [KO:K17386 ]
106827389 CSF1; macrophage colony-stimulating factor 1 isoform X1 [KO:K05453 ]
106828747 VEGFA; vascular endothelial growth factor A isoform X1 [KO:K05448 ]
106833635 VEGFB; vascular endothelial growth factor B isoform X1 [KO:K16858 ]
106841578 VEGFD; vascular endothelial growth factor D isoform X1 [KO:K05449 ]
106824793 GDNF; glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor isoform X1 [KO:K05452 ]
106826528 NGFR; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 16 [KO:K02583 ]
106830292 GRB2; growth factor receptor-bound protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K04364 ]
106842437 ATF4; cyclic AMP-dependent transcription factor ATF-4 [KO:K04374 ]
106843812 TGFB1; transforming growth factor beta-1 proprotein isoform X1 [KO:K13375 ]
106836714 TGFB2; transforming growth factor beta-2 proprotein isoform X1 [KO:K13376 ]
106830938 TGFB3; transforming growth factor beta-3 proprotein isoform X1 [KO:K13377 ]
106831483 TNFRSF1A; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 1A [KO:K03158 ]
106838669 FASLG; tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 6 [KO:K04389 ]
106822180 FAS; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 6 isoform X2 [KO:K04390 ]
106840518 RAC1; ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04392 ]
106837585 RAC2; ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 2 isoform X1 [KO:K07860 ]
106846070 RAC3; ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 3 isoform X1 [KO:K07861 ]
106840004 CDC42; cell division control protein 42 homolog isoform X1 [KO:K04393 ]
106822449 TRADD; tumor necrosis factor receptor type 1-associated DEATH domain protein [KO:K03171 ]
106834265 MYD88; myeloid differentiation primary response protein MyD88 isoform X1 [KO:K04729 ]
106834158 GADD45B; growth arrest and DNA damage-inducible protein GADD45 beta [KO:K04402 ]
106825069 GADD45A; growth arrest and DNA damage-inducible protein GADD45 alpha [KO:K04402 ]
106825118 GADD45G; growth arrest and DNA damage-inducible protein GADD45 gamma [KO:K04402 ]
106836857 TAB1; TGF-beta-activated kinase 1 and MAP3K7-binding protein 1 [KO:K04403 ]
106837218 TAB2; TGF-beta-activated kinase 1 and MAP3K7-binding protein 2 [KO:K04404 ]
106846598 ECSIT; evolutionarily conserved signaling intermediate in Toll pathway, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K04405 ]
106843928 MAPK8IP1; C-Jun-amino-terminal kinase-interacting protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04434 ]
106846024 MAPK8IP2; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: C-Jun-amino-terminal kinase-interacting protein 2 [KO:K04435 ]
106836211 MAPK8IP3; C-Jun-amino-terminal kinase-interacting protein 3 isoform X1 [KO:K04436 ]
106834926 NFATC1; nuclear factor of activated T-cells, cytoplasmic 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04446 ]
106822461 NFATC3; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: nuclear factor of activated T-cells, cytoplasmic 3 [KO:K17333 ]
106837905 ATF2; cyclic AMP-dependent transcription factor ATF-2 isoform X2 [KO:K04450 ]
106841211 MEF2C; myocyte-specific enhancer factor 2C isoform X1 [KO:K04454 ]
123282797 LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: heat shock 70 kDa protein 1-like [KO:K03283 ]
123288213 LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: heat shock 70 kDa protein 1-like [KO:K03283 ]
106825951 NFKB1; nuclear factor NF-kappa-B p105 subunit isoform X1 [KO:K02580 ]
106837992 NFKB2; nuclear factor NF-kappa-B p100 subunit isoform X1 [KO:K04469 ]
Compound
C01245 D-myo-Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate
Reference
Authors
Chen Z, Gibson TB, Robinson F, Silvestro L, Pearson G, Xu B, Wright A, Vanderbilt C, Cobb MH.
Title
MAP kinases.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Tanoue T, Nishida E.
Title
Docking interactions in the mitogen-activated protein kinase cascades.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Dent P, Yacoub A, Fisher PB, Hagan MP, Grant S.
Title
MAPK pathways in radiation responses.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Huang EJ, Reichardt LF.
Title
Trk receptors: roles in neuronal signal transduction.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Harper SJ, LoGrasso P.
Title
Signalling for survival and death in neurones: the role of stress-activated kinases, JNK and p38.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Takeda K, Ichijo H
Title
Neuronal p38 MAPK signalling: an emerging regulator of cell fate and function in the nervous system.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Yang SH, Sharrocks AD, Whitmarsh AJ.
Title
Transcriptional regulation by the MAP kinase signaling cascades.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Zhu X, Lee HG, Raina AK, Perry G, Smith MA.
Title
The role of mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways in Alzheimer's disease.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Cho H, Lee J, Kwak NJ, Lee KH, Rha S, Kim YH, Cho YY, Yang KH, Kim K, Lim Y.
Title
Silica induces nuclear factor-kappaB activation through TAK1 and NIK in Rat2 cell line.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Lemmon MA, Schlessinger J
Title
Cell signaling by receptor tyrosine kinases.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Skaper SD
Title
The neurotrophin family of neurotrophic factors: an overview.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Chu WM
Title
Tumor necrosis factor.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Newton K, Dixit VM
Title
Signaling in innate immunity and inflammation.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Gaestel M, Kotlyarov A, Kracht M
Title
Targeting innate immunity protein kinase signalling in inflammation.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Ajibade AA, Wang HY, Wang RF
Title
Cell type-specific function of TAK1 in innate immune signaling.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Turner MD, Nedjai B, Hurst T, Pennington DJ
Title
Cytokines and chemokines: At the crossroads of cell signalling and inflammatory disease.
Journal
Related pathway
eai04070 Phosphatidylinositol signaling system
KO pathway
LinkDB
All DBs