KEGG   PATHWAY: hai05225
Entry
hai05225                    Pathway                                
Name
Hepatocellular carcinoma - Hipposideros armiger (great roundleaf bat)
Description
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a major type of primary liver cancer and one of the rare human neoplasms etiologically linked to viral factors. It has been shown that, after HBV/HCV infection and alcohol or aflatoxin B1 exposure, genetic and epigenetic changes occur. The recurrent mutated genes were found to be highly enriched in multiple key driver signaling processes, including telomere maintenance, TP53, cell cycle regulation, the Wnt/beta-catenin pathway (CTNNB1 and AXIN1), the phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase (PI3K)/AKT/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway. Recent studies using whole-exome sequencing have revealed recurrent mutations in new driver genes involved in the chromatin remodelling (ARID1A and ARID2) and the oxidative stress (NFE2L2) pathways.
Class
Human Diseases; Cancer: specific types
Pathway map
hai05225  Hepatocellular carcinoma
hai05225

Organism
Hipposideros armiger (great roundleaf bat) [GN:hai]
Gene
109385384  TGFA; protransforming growth factor alpha isoform X1 [KO:K08774]
109388365  EGFR; epidermal growth factor receptor isoform X1 [KO:K04361] [EC:2.7.10.1]
109395935  IGF2; insulin-like growth factor II isoform X1 [KO:K13769]
109380372  IGF1R; insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor [KO:K05087] [EC:2.7.10.1]
109379925  PLCG1; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase gamma-1 isoform X1 [KO:K01116] [EC:3.1.4.11]
109378365  PLCG2; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase gamma-2 [KO:K05859] [EC:3.1.4.11]
109380289  PRKCA; protein kinase C alpha type isoform X1 [KO:K02677] [EC:2.7.11.13]
109386578  PRKCB; protein kinase C beta type isoform X1 [KO:K19662] [EC:2.7.11.13]
109372505  PRKCG; protein kinase C gamma type [KO:K19663] [EC:2.7.11.13]
109376565  ELK1; ETS domain-containing protein Elk-1 [KO:K04375]
109393422  SHC1; SHC-transforming protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K06279]
109390676  SHC2; SHC-transforming protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K17447]
109376923  SHC3; SHC-transforming protein 3 [KO:K17448]
109394486  SHC4; SHC-transforming protein 4 isoform X1 [KO:K17449]
109383688  GRB2; growth factor receptor-bound protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K04364]
109385471  SOS1; son of sevenless homolog 1 isoform X1 [KO:K03099]
109375221  SOS2; son of sevenless homolog 2 [KO:K03099]
109375639  HRAS; GTPase HRas isoform X1 [KO:K02833]
109385150  GTPase HRas-like [KO:K02833]
109389264  KRAS; GTPase KRas isoform X1 [KO:K07827]
109377015  NRAS; GTPase NRas [KO:K07828]
109376563  ARAF; serine/threonine-protein kinase A-Raf [KO:K08845] [EC:2.7.11.1]
109395605  BRAF; serine/threonine-protein kinase B-raf isoform X1 [KO:K04365] [EC:2.7.11.1]
109384548  RAF1; RAF proto-oncogene serine/threonine-protein kinase isoform X1 [KO:K04366] [EC:2.7.11.1]
109385252  MAP2K1; dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04368] [EC:2.7.12.2]
109388626  MAP2K2; dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 2 [KO:K04369] [EC:2.7.12.2]
109385803  MAPK3; mitogen-activated protein kinase 3 isoform X1 [KO:K04371] [EC:2.7.11.24]
109394900  MAPK1; mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 [KO:K04371] [EC:2.7.11.24]
109381238  PIK3CD; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit delta isoform [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
109394108  PIK3CB; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit beta isoform [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
109372681  PIK3CA; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha isoform isoform X1 [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
109382484  PIK3R2; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit beta [KO:K02649]
109395865  PIK3R1; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit alpha isoform X1 [KO:K02649]
109373811  PIK3R3; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit gamma isoform X1 [KO:K02649]
109387530  PTEN; phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate 3-phosphatase and dual-specificity protein phosphatase PTEN isoform X1 [KO:K01110] [EC:3.1.3.16 3.1.3.48 3.1.3.67]
109381083  AKT1; RAC-alpha serine/threonine-protein kinase [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
109385878  RAC-beta serine/threonine-protein kinase-like isoform X1 [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
109374859  AKT2; RAC-beta serine/threonine-protein kinase [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
109385353  AKT3; RAC-gamma serine/threonine-protein kinase isoform X1 [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
109381262  MTOR; serine/threonine-protein kinase mTOR [KO:K07203] [EC:2.7.11.1]
109379764  RPS6KB1; ribosomal protein S6 kinase beta-1 isoform X1 [KO:K04688] [EC:2.7.11.1]
109384219  RPS6KB2; ribosomal protein S6 kinase beta-2 isoform X1 [KO:K04688] [EC:2.7.11.1]
109384256  BAD; bcl2-associated agonist of cell death [KO:K02158]
109384429  BCL2L1; bcl-2-like protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04570]
109373362  bcl-2-like protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04570]
109383211  MYC; myc proto-oncogene protein [KO:K04377]
109387138  RB1; retinoblastoma-associated protein [KO:K06618]
109377242  E2F1; transcription factor E2F1 [KO:K17454]
109386699  E2F2; transcription factor E2F2 isoform X1 [KO:K09389]
109381623  E2F3; transcription factor E2F3 isoform X1 [KO:K06620]
109371675  TERT; telomerase reverse transcriptase isoform X1 [KO:K11126] [EC:2.7.7.49]
109394672  TP53; cellular tumor antigen p53 isoform X1 [KO:K04451]
109395991  CDKN1A; cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1 [KO:K06625]
109384926  GADD45A; growth arrest and DNA damage-inducible protein GADD45 alpha [KO:K04402]
109374090  GADD45G; growth arrest and DNA damage-inducible protein GADD45 gamma [KO:K04402]
109390584  GADD45B; growth arrest and DNA damage-inducible protein GADD45 beta [KO:K04402]
109391068  BAX; apoptosis regulator BAX [KO:K02159]
109392454  BAK1; bcl-2 homologous antagonist/killer isoform X1 [KO:K14021]
109390202  DDB2; DNA damage-binding protein 2 [KO:K10140]
109381899  POLK; DNA polymerase kappa [KO:K03511] [EC:2.7.7.7]
109374675  cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2A-like isoform X1 [KO:K06621]
109390747  CDK4; cyclin-dependent kinase 4 isoform X1 [KO:K02089] [EC:2.7.11.22]
109373596  CDK6; cyclin-dependent kinase 6 isoform X1 [KO:K02091] [EC:2.7.11.22]
109389297  CCND1; G1/S-specific cyclin-D1 isoform X1 [KO:K04503]
109376590  TGFB1; transforming growth factor beta-1 [KO:K13375]
109381205  TGFB2; transforming growth factor beta-2 isoform X1 [KO:K13376]
109381619  TGFB3; transforming growth factor beta-3 isoform X1 [KO:K13377]
109386421  TGFBR1; TGF-beta receptor type-1 [KO:K04674] [EC:2.7.11.30]
109394441  TGFBR2; TGF-beta receptor type-2 [KO:K04388] [EC:2.7.11.30]
109388212  SMAD2; mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 2 isoform X1 [KO:K04500]
109385242  SMAD3; mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 3 [KO:K23605]
109373579  SMAD4; mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 4 [KO:K04501]
109393219  WNT1; proto-oncogene Wnt-1 [KO:K03209]
109391554  WNT2B; protein Wnt-2b isoform X1 [KO:K00182]
109389334  WNT2; protein Wnt-2 [KO:K00182]
109380253  WNT3; proto-oncogene Wnt-3 isoform X1 [KO:K00312]
109377253  WNT3A; protein Wnt-3a [KO:K00312]
109396735  WNT4; protein Wnt-4 [KO:K00408]
109388973  WNT5B; protein Wnt-5b [KO:K00444]
109389090  WNT5A; protein Wnt-5a isoform X1 [KO:K00444]
109380535  WNT6; protein Wnt-6 isoform X1 [KO:K00445]
109387605  WNT7B; protein Wnt-7b isoform X1 [KO:K00572]
109390460  WNT7A; protein Wnt-7a isoform X1 [KO:K00572]
109379609  WNT8B; protein Wnt-8b [KO:K00714]
109392505  WNT8A; protein Wnt-8a isoform X1 [KO:K00714]
109380276  WNT9B; protein Wnt-9b [KO:K01064]
109392784  WNT9A; protein Wnt-9a isoform X1 [KO:K01064]
109380555  WNT10A; protein Wnt-10a [KO:K01357]
109393213  WNT10B; protein Wnt-10b [KO:K01357]
109386296  WNT11; protein Wnt-11 [KO:K01384]
109371280  WNT16; protein Wnt-16 [KO:K01558]
109379180  FZD7; frizzled-7 [KO:K02432]
109395312  FZD1; frizzled-1 [KO:K02432]
109394953  FZD2; frizzled-2 [KO:K02235]
109379491  FZD3; frizzled-3 isoform X1 [KO:K02329]
109383276  FZD4; frizzled-4 [KO:K02354]
109388314  FZD5; frizzled-5 [KO:K02375]
109376300  FZD6; frizzled-6 [KO:K02376]
109384984  FZD9; frizzled-9 [KO:K02842]
109396791  FZD10; frizzled-10 [KO:K02842]
109383144  LRP6; low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 6 isoform X1 [KO:K03068]
109389304  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 5-like [KO:K03068]
109371312  DVL3; segment polarity protein dishevelled homolog DVL-3 isoform X1 [KO:K02353]
109391189  DVL1; segment polarity protein dishevelled homolog DVL-1 isoform X1 [KO:K02353]
109394615  DVL2; segment polarity protein dishevelled homolog DVL-2 isoform X1 [KO:K02353]
109379591  FRAT1; proto-oncogene FRAT1 [KO:K03069]
109379589  FRAT2; GSK-3-binding protein FRAT2 [KO:K03096]
109388396  GSK3B; glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta isoform X1 [KO:K03083] [EC:2.7.11.26]
109385980  AXIN1; axin-1 isoform X1 [KO:K02157]
109380327  AXIN2; axin-2 isoform X1 [KO:K04385]
109390647  APC2; adenomatous polyposis coli protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K02085]
109391522  APC; adenomatous polyposis coli protein [KO:K02085]
109377341  CTNNB1; catenin beta-1 [KO:K02105]
109371742  CSNK1A1; casein kinase I isoform X1 [KO:K08957] [EC:2.7.11.1]
109382635  TCF7; transcription factor 7 isoform X1 [KO:K02620]
109371340  TCF7L1; transcription factor 7-like 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04490]
109384898  TCF7L2; transcription factor 7-like 2 isoform X1 [KO:K04491]
109379461  LEF1; lymphoid enhancer-binding factor 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04492]
109391648  KEAP1; kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 [KO:K10456]
109388928  NFE2L2; nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 isoform X1 [KO:K05638]
109377639  HMOX1; heme oxygenase 1 [KO:K00510] [EC:1.14.14.18]
109388556  NQO1; NAD(P)H dehydrogenase [quinone] 1 [KO:K00355] [EC:1.6.5.2]
109379590  glutathione S-transferase omega-2-like [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
109379616  GSTO1; glutathione S-transferase omega-1 [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
109385209  MGST3; microsomal glutathione S-transferase 3 [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
109371560  GSTM3; glutathione S-transferase Mu 3 [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
109394864  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: glutathione S-transferase theta-2B-like [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
109394911  glutathione S-transferase theta-3-like isoform X1 [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
109394912  glutathione S-transferase theta-1 isoform X1 [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
109378801  glutathione S-transferase theta-3-like [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
109391304  glutathione S-transferase A3-like [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
109391315  GSTA4; glutathione S-transferase A4 [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
109383169  MGST1; microsomal glutathione S-transferase 1 [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
109394184  MGST2; microsomal glutathione S-transferase 2 isoform X1 [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
109391297  glutathione S-transferase alpha-4-like [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
109394880  glutathione S-transferase theta-4 [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
109384157  glutathione S-transferase P 1 [KO:K23790] [EC:2.5.1.18]
109384161  glutathione S-transferase P 2-like isoform X1 [KO:K23790] [EC:2.5.1.18]
109387778  TXNRD1; thioredoxin reductase 1, cytoplasmic [KO:K22182] [EC:1.8.1.9]
109376617  TXNRD3; thioredoxin reductase 3 [KO:K22182] [EC:1.8.1.9]
109373197  TXNRD2; thioredoxin reductase 2, mitochondrial [KO:K22182] [EC:1.8.1.9]
109392334  HGF; hepatocyte growth factor isoform X1 [KO:K05460]
109389346  MET; hepatocyte growth factor receptor [KO:K05099] [EC:2.7.10.1]
109393101  GAB1; GRB2-associated-binding protein 1 [KO:K09593]
109393048  ACTG1; actin, cytoplasmic 2 [KO:K05692]
109380220  ACTB; actin, cytoplasmic 1 [KO:K05692]
109372687  ACTL6A; actin-like protein 6A [KO:K11340]
109374909  ACTL6B; actin-like protein 6B isoform X1 [KO:K11652]
109380272  SMARCD2; SWI/SNF-related matrix-associated actin-dependent regulator of chromatin subfamily D member 2 isoform X1 [KO:K11650]
109389639  SMARCD3; SWI/SNF-related matrix-associated actin-dependent regulator of chromatin subfamily D member 3 [KO:K11650]
109393267  SMARCD1; SWI/SNF-related matrix-associated actin-dependent regulator of chromatin subfamily D member 1 [KO:K11650]
109391692  PHF10; PHD finger protein 10 isoform X1 [KO:K22197]
109395323  DPF1; zinc finger protein neuro-d4 isoform X1 [KO:K22198]
109381607  DPF3; zinc finger protein DPF3 isoform X1 [KO:K22198]
109386744  ARID1A; AT-rich interactive domain-containing protein 1A isoform X1 [KO:K11653]
109383582  ARID1B; AT-rich interactive domain-containing protein 1B [KO:K11653]
109380806  SMARCE1; SWI/SNF-related matrix-associated actin-dependent regulator of chromatin subfamily E member 1 isoform X1 [KO:K11651]
109394886  SMARCB1; SWI/SNF-related matrix-associated actin-dependent regulator of chromatin subfamily B member 1 isoform X1 [KO:K11648]
109376537  SMARCC1; SWI/SNF complex subunit SMARCC1 isoform X1 [KO:K11649]
109396892  SMARCC2; SWI/SNF complex subunit SMARCC2 isoform X1 [KO:K11649]
109391612  SMARCA4; transcription activator BRG1 isoform X1 [KO:K11647] [EC:5.6.2.-]
109388400  ARID2; AT-rich interactive domain-containing protein 2 [KO:K11765]
109373869  PBRM1; protein polybromo-1 isoform X1 [KO:K11757]
109383294  BRD7; bromodomain-containing protein 7 isoform X1 [KO:K11723]
Compound
C00027  Hydrogen peroxide
C00039  DNA
C00076  Calcium cation
C00165  Diacylglycerol
C00533  Nitric oxide
C00704  Superoxide
C01245  D-myo-Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate
C01471  Acrolein
C05981  Phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate
C06793  Vinyl chloride
C06800  Aflatoxin B1
C16844  Hydroxyl radical
C21641  Hydroperoxyl radical
C21642  4-Hydroxynonenal
Reference
  Authors
Whittaker S, Marais R, Zhu AX
  Title
The role of signaling pathways in the development and treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma.
  Journal
Oncogene 29:4989-5005 (2010)
DOI:10.1038/onc.2010.236
Reference
  Authors
Zucman-Rossi J, Villanueva A, Nault JC, Llovet JM
  Title
Genetic Landscape and Biomarkers of Hepatocellular Carcinoma.
  Journal
Gastroenterology 149:1226-1239.e4 (2015)
DOI:10.1053/j.gastro.2015.05.061
Reference
  Authors
Villanueva A, Newell P, Chiang DY, Friedman SL, Llovet JM.
  Title
Genomics and signaling pathways in hepatocellular carcinoma.
  Journal
Semin Liver Dis 27:55-76 (2007)
DOI:10.1055/s-2006-960171
Reference
  Authors
Breuhahn K, Longerich T, Schirmacher P
  Title
Dysregulation of growth factor signaling in human hepatocellular carcinoma.
  Journal
Oncogene 25:3787-800 (2006)
DOI:10.1038/sj.onc.1209556
Reference
  Authors
Minguez B, Tovar V, Chiang D, Villanueva A, Llovet JM
  Title
Pathogenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma and molecular therapies.
  Journal
Curr Opin Gastroenterol 25:186-94 (2009)
DOI:10.1097/MOG.0b013e32832962a1
Reference
  Authors
Kudo M
  Title
Signaling pathway and molecular-targeted therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma.
  Journal
Dig Dis 29:289-302 (2011)
DOI:10.1159/000327562
Reference
  Authors
Nault JC, Zucman-Rossi J
  Title
Genetics of hepatocellular carcinoma: the next generation.
  Journal
J Hepatol 60:224-6 (2014)
DOI:10.1016/j.jhep.2013.08.019
Reference
  Authors
Rocken C, Carl-McGrath S.
  Title
Pathology and pathogenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma.
  Journal
Dig Dis 19:269-78 (2001)
DOI:10.1159/000050693
Reference
  Authors
Cornella H, Alsinet C, Villanueva A
  Title
Molecular pathogenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma.
  Journal
Alcohol Clin Exp Res 35:821-5 (2011)
DOI:10.1111/j.1530-0277.2010.01406.x
Reference
  Authors
Niu ZS, Niu XJ, Wang WH
  Title
Genetic alterations in hepatocellular carcinoma: An update.
  Journal
World J Gastroenterol 22:9069-9095 (2016)
DOI:10.3748/wjg.v22.i41.9069
Reference
  Authors
Tannapfel A, Wittekind C
  Title
Genes involved in hepatocellular carcinoma: deregulation in cell cycling and apoptosis.
  Journal
Virchows Arch 440:345-52 (2002)
DOI:10.1007/s00428-002-0617-x
Reference
  Authors
Shiraha H, Yamamoto K, Namba M
  Title
Human hepatocyte carcinogenesis (review).
  Journal
Int J Oncol 42:1133-8 (2013)
DOI:10.3892/ijo.2013.1829
Reference
  Authors
Nault JC, Mallet M, Pilati C, Calderaro J, Bioulac-Sage P, Laurent C, Laurent A, Cherqui D, Balabaud C, Zucman-Rossi J
  Title
High frequency of telomerase reverse-transcriptase promoter somatic mutations in hepatocellular carcinoma and preneoplastic lesions.
  Journal
Nat Commun 4:2218 (2013)
DOI:10.1038/ncomms3218
Reference
  Authors
Guichard C, Amaddeo G, Imbeaud S, Ladeiro Y, Pelletier L, Maad IB, Calderaro J, Bioulac-Sage P, Letexier M, Degos F, Clement B, Balabaud C, Chevet E, Laurent A, Couchy G, Letouze E, Calvo F, Zucman-Rossi J
  Title
Integrated analysis of somatic mutations and focal copy-number changes identifies key genes and pathways in hepatocellular carcinoma.
  Journal
Nat Genet 44:694-8 (2012)
DOI:10.1038/ng.2256
Reference
  Authors
Praslicka BJ, Kerins MJ, Ooi A
  Title
The complex role of NRF2 in cancer: a genomic view
  Journal
Curr Opin Toxicol 1:37-45 (2016)
DOI:10.1016/j.cotox.2016.09.003
Reference
  Authors
Kansanen E, Kuosmanen SM, Leinonen H, Levonen AL
  Title
The Keap1-Nrf2 pathway: Mechanisms of activation and dysregulation in cancer.
  Journal
Redox Biol 1:45-9 (2013)
DOI:10.1016/j.redox.2012.10.001
Reference
  Authors
Taguchi K, Motohashi H, Yamamoto M
  Title
Molecular mechanisms of the Keap1-Nrf2 pathway in stress response and cancer evolution.
  Journal
Genes Cells 16:123-40 (2011)
DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2443.2010.01473.x
Reference
  Authors
Klaunig JE, Kamendulis LM, Hocevar BA
  Title
Oxidative stress and oxidative damage in carcinogenesis.
  Journal
Toxicol Pathol 38:96-109 (2010)
DOI:10.1177/0192623309356453
Reference
  Authors
Krupp G, Bonatz G, Parwaresch R
  Title
Telomerase, immortality and cancer.
  Journal
Biotechnol Annu Rev 6:103-40 (2000)
DOI:10.1016/S1387-2656(00)06020-8
Reference
  Authors
Jafri MA, Ansari SA, Alqahtani MH, Shay JW
  Title
Roles of telomeres and telomerase in cancer, and advances in telomerase-targeted therapies.
  Journal
Genome Med 8:69 (2016)
DOI:10.1186/s13073-016-0324-x
Reference
  Authors
Shay JW
  Title
Role of Telomeres and Telomerase in Aging and Cancer.
  Journal
Cancer Discov 6:584-93 (2016)
DOI:10.1158/2159-8290.CD-16-0062
Reference
  Authors
Granito A, Guidetti E, Gramantieri L
  Title
c-MET receptor tyrosine kinase as a molecular target in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma.
  Journal
J Hepatocell Carcinoma 2:29-38 (2015)
DOI:10.2147/JHC.S77038
Reference
  Authors
Vita M, Henriksson M
  Title
The Myc oncoprotein as a therapeutic target for human cancer.
  Journal
Semin Cancer Biol 16:318-30 (2006)
DOI:10.1016/j.semcancer.2006.07.015
Reference
  Authors
Qu A, Jiang C, Cai Y, Kim JH, Tanaka N, Ward JM, Shah YM, Gonzalez FJ
  Title
Role of Myc in hepatocellular proliferation and hepatocarcinogenesis.
  Journal
J Hepatol 60:331-8 (2014)
DOI:10.1016/j.jhep.2013.09.024
Related
pathway
hai04010  MAPK signaling pathway
hai04020  Calcium signaling pathway
hai04110  Cell cycle
hai04115  p53 signaling pathway
hai04151  PI3K-Akt signaling pathway
hai04310  Wnt signaling pathway
hai04350  TGF-beta signaling pathway
hai04932  Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
hai04936  Alcoholic liver disease
hai05160  Hepatitis C
hai05161  Hepatitis B
KO pathway
ko05225   
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