KEGG   PATHWAY: pcw04210
Entry
pcw04210                    Pathway                                
Name
Apoptosis - Phascolarctos cinereus (koala)
Description
Apoptosis is a genetically programmed process for the elimination of damaged or redundant cells by activation of caspases (aspartate-specific cysteine proteases). The onset of apoptosis is controlled by numerous interrelating processes. The 'extrinsic' pathway involves stimulation of members of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor subfamily, such as TNFRI, CD95/Fas or TRAILR (death receptors), located at the cell surface, by their specific ligands, such as TNF-alpha, FasL or TRAIL, respectively. The 'intrinsic' pathway is activated mainly by non-receptor stimuli, such as DNA damage, ER stress, metabolic stress, UV radiation or growth-factor deprivation. The central event in the 'intrinsic' pathway is the mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization (MOMP), which leads to the release of cytochrome c. These two pathways converge at the level of effector caspases, such as caspase-3 and caspase-7. The third major pathway is initiated by the constituents of cytotoxic granules (e.g. Perforin and Granzyme B) that are released by CTLs (cytotoxic T-cells) and NK (natural killer) cells. Granzyme B, similarly to the caspases, cleaves its substrates after aspartic acid residues, suggesting that this protease has the ability to activate members of the caspase family directly. It is the balance between the pro-apoptotic and anti-apoptotic signals that eventually determines whether cells will undergo apoptosis, survive or proliferate. TNF family of ligands activates anti-apoptotic or cell-survival signals as well as apoptotic signals. NGF and Interleukin-3 promotes the survival, proliferation and differentiation of neurons or hematopoietic cells, respectively. Withdrawal of these growth factors leads to cell death, as described above.
Class
Cellular Processes; Cell growth and death
Pathway map
pcw04210  Apoptosis
pcw04210

Other DBs
GO: 0006915
Organism
Phascolarctos cinereus (koala) [GN:pcw]
Gene
110204161  TNFSF10; tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 10 isoform X1 [KO:K04721]
110197185  tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 6-like isoform X1 [KO:K04722]
110200403  tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 10A-like [KO:K04722]
110197002  FASLG; tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 6 [KO:K04389]
110198951  FAS; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 6 [KO:K04390]
110197147  FADD; FAS-associated death domain protein [KO:K02373]
110199397  TNF; tumor necrosis factor [KO:K03156]
110213819  TNFRSF1A; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 1A [KO:K03158]
110210433  TRADD; tumor necrosis factor receptor type 1-associated DEATH domain protein isoform X1 [KO:K03171]
110197210  CFLAR; CASP8 and FADD-like apoptosis regulator isoform X1 [KO:K04724]
110197193  CASP8; caspase-8 [KO:K04398] [EC:3.4.22.61]
110197140  CASP10; caspase-10 isoform X1 [KO:K04400] [EC:3.4.22.63]
110218614  CASP6; caspase-6 [KO:K04396] [EC:3.4.22.59]
110222594  CASP3; caspase-3 [KO:K02187] [EC:3.4.22.56]
110209601  CASP7; caspase-7 [KO:K04397] [EC:3.4.22.60]
110218747  BID; BH3-interacting domain death agonist [KO:K04726]
110219776  BAX; apoptosis regulator BAX [KO:K02159]
110217311  BAK1; bcl-2 homologous antagonist/killer [KO:K14021]
110196777  DIABLO; diablo homolog, mitochondrial [KO:K10522]
110212068  uncharacterized protein LOC110212068 isoform X1 [KO:K16943]
110221089  HTRA2; serine protease HTRA2, mitochondrial [KO:K08669] [EC:3.4.21.108]
110218411  cytochrome c-like [KO:K08738]
110218003  cytochrome c-like [KO:K08738]
110203137  cytochrome c-like [KO:K08738]
110213139  cytochrome c [KO:K08738]
110221734  APAF1; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: apoptotic protease-activating factor 1 [KO:K02084]
110198824  CASP9; caspase-9 [KO:K04399] [EC:3.4.22.62]
110200078  PRF1; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: perforin-1 [KO:K07818]
110220292  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: granzyme B(G,H)-like [KO:K01353] [EC:3.4.21.79]
110219406  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: tubulin alpha-4A chain-like [KO:K07374]
110219478  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: tubulin alpha-1D chain-like [KO:K07374]
110215276  tubulin alpha-3 chain isoform X1 [KO:K07374]
110215278  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: tubulin alpha-3 chain-like [KO:K07374]
110219648  tubulin alpha-8 chain isoform X1 [KO:K07374]
110218691  TUBA8; tubulin alpha-8 chain [KO:K07374]
110194029  TUBA1B; tubulin alpha-1B chain [KO:K07374]
110194030  tubulin alpha-1A chain [KO:K07374]
110194031  tubulin alpha-1C chain [KO:K07374]
110220506  MCL1; induced myeloid leukemia cell differentiation protein Mcl-1 isoform X1 [KO:K02539]
110218220  ACTG1; actin, cytoplasmic 2 [KO:K05692]
110205635  actin, cytoplasmic 1-like [KO:K05692]
110214034  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: actin, cytoplasmic type 5-like [KO:K05692]
110223114  ACTB; actin, cytoplasmic 1 [KO:K05692]
110193703  SPTAN1; spectrin alpha chain, non-erythrocytic 1 isoform X1 [KO:K06114]
110211929  LMNA; lamin [KO:K12641]
110223899  LMNB1; lamin-B1 [KO:K07611]
110223403  LMNB2; lamin-B2 [KO:K07611]
110205515  PARP1; poly [ADP-ribose] polymerase 1 [KO:K24070] [EC:2.4.2.30]
110216878  PARP3; poly [ADP-ribose] polymerase 3 isoform X1 [KO:K10798] [EC:2.4.2.30]
110217366  PARP2; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: poly [ADP-ribose] polymerase 2 [KO:K10798] [EC:2.4.2.30]
110195873  PARP4; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: poly [ADP-ribose] polymerase 4 [KO:K10798] [EC:2.4.2.30]
110199324  DFFA; DNA fragmentation factor subunit alpha [KO:K02310]
110200198  DFFB; DNA fragmentation factor subunit beta isoform X1 [KO:K02311] [EC:3.-.-.-]
110193637  ENDOG; endonuclease G, mitochondrial [KO:K01173]
110196522  AIFM1; apoptosis-inducing factor 1, mitochondrial [KO:K04727] [EC:1.-.-.-]
110219285  ERN1; serine/threonine-protein kinase/endoribonuclease IRE1 isoform X1 [KO:K08852] [EC:2.7.11.1 3.1.26.-]
110205309  TRAF2; TNF receptor-associated factor 2 isoform X1 [KO:K03173] [EC:2.3.2.27]
110195613  ITPR1; inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04958]
110193334  ITPR2; inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 2 [KO:K04959]
110217180  ITPR3; inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 3 [KO:K04960]
110195314  CAPN1; calpain-1 catalytic subunit isoform X1 [KO:K01367] [EC:3.4.22.52]
110213557  CAPN11; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: calpain-11 [KO:K01367] [EC:3.4.22.52]
110205536  CAPN2; calpain-2 catalytic subunit [KO:K03853] [EC:3.4.22.53]
110214950  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: caspase-12-like [KO:K04741] [EC:3.4.22.-]
110202783  EIF2AK3; eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2-alpha kinase 3 [KO:K08860] [EC:2.7.11.1]
110220599  EIF2S1; eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit 1 [KO:K03237]
110205802  ATF4; cyclic AMP-dependent transcription factor ATF-4 [KO:K04374]
110210977  DDIT3; DNA damage-inducible transcript 3 protein [KO:K04452]
110207612  CTSB; cathepsin B isoform X1 [KO:K01363] [EC:3.4.22.1]
110213388  CTSC; dipeptidyl peptidase 1 [KO:K01275] [EC:3.4.14.1]
110197126  CTSD; cathepsin D [KO:K01379] [EC:3.4.23.5]
110195406  CTSF; cathepsin F [KO:K01373] [EC:3.4.22.41]
110193663  CTSH; pro-cathepsin H [KO:K01366] [EC:3.4.22.16]
110220566  CTSK; cathepsin K isoform X1 [KO:K01371] [EC:3.4.22.38]
110197638  cathepsin L1-like [KO:K01365] [EC:3.4.22.15]
110197639  cathepsin L1-like [KO:K01365] [EC:3.4.22.15]
110197641  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: cathepsin L1-like [KO:K01365] [EC:3.4.22.15]
110204472  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: cathepsin L1-like [KO:K01365] [EC:3.4.22.15]
110207327  cathepsin L1-like [KO:K01365] [EC:3.4.22.15]
110213681  CTSO; cathepsin O isoform X1 [KO:K01374] [EC:3.4.22.42]
110220556  CTSS; cathepsin S [KO:K01368] [EC:3.4.22.27]
110195512  CTSW; cathepsin W [KO:K08569] [EC:3.4.22.-]
110205154  CTSZ; cathepsin Z [KO:K08568] [EC:3.4.18.1]
110215022  baculoviral IAP repeat-containing protein 2-like isoform X1 [KO:K16060]
110215023  baculoviral IAP repeat-containing protein 2-like isoform X1 [KO:K16060]
110200954  XIAP; E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase XIAP [KO:K04725] [EC:2.3.2.27]
110193934  BIRC5; baculoviral IAP repeat-containing protein 5 isoform X1 [KO:K08731]
110209301  BCL2L11; bcl-2-like protein 11 isoform X1 [KO:K16341]
110211412  BCL2L1; bcl-2-like protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04570]
110214751  BCL2; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: apoptosis regulator Bcl-2 [KO:K02161]
110217245  DAXX; death domain-associated protein 6 isoform X1 [KO:K02308]
110201152  RIPK1; receptor-interacting serine/threonine-protein kinase 1 isoform X1 [KO:K02861] [EC:2.7.11.1]
110194934  DAB2IP; disabled homolog 2-interacting protein isoform X1 [KO:K19901]
110208922  MAP3K5; mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 5 [KO:K04426] [EC:2.7.11.25]
110216709  MAPK9; mitogen-activated protein kinase 9 isoform X1 [KO:K04440] [EC:2.7.11.24]
110209710  MAPK10; mitogen-activated protein kinase 10 isoform X1 [KO:K04440] [EC:2.7.11.24]
110215514  MAPK8; mitogen-activated protein kinase 8 isoform X1 [KO:K04440] [EC:2.7.11.24]
110195467  BAD; bcl2-associated agonist of cell death isoform X1 [KO:K02158]
110212948  JUN; transcription factor AP-1 [KO:K04448]
110208312  FOS; proto-oncogene c-Fos [KO:K04379]
110194271  TP53; cellular tumor antigen p53 [KO:K04451]
110222855  HRK; activator of apoptosis harakiri [KO:K02512]
110215732  MAP3K14; mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 14 [KO:K04466] [EC:2.7.11.25]
110213919  CHUK; inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa-B kinase subunit alpha isoform X1 [KO:K04467] [EC:2.7.11.10]
110196387  IKBKB; inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa-B kinase subunit beta isoform X1 [KO:K07209] [EC:2.7.11.10]
110200334  IKBKG; NF-kappa-B essential modulator isoform X1 [KO:K07210]
110211795  NFKBIA; NF-kappa-B inhibitor alpha [KO:K04734]
110209686  NFKB1; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: nuclear factor NF-kappa-B p105 subunit [KO:K02580]
110195563  RELA; transcription factor p65 isoform X1 [KO:K04735]
110209706  PTPN13; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 13 [KO:K02374]
110212964  GADD45A; growth arrest and DNA damage-inducible protein GADD45 alpha [KO:K04402]
110223449  GADD45B; growth arrest and DNA damage-inducible protein GADD45 beta [KO:K04402]
110195907  GADD45G; growth arrest and DNA damage-inducible protein GADD45 gamma [KO:K04402]
110211345  TRAF1; TNF receptor-associated factor 1 isoform X1 [KO:K03172]
110193775  BCL2A1; bcl-2-related protein A1 isoform X1 [KO:K02162]
110214947  ATM; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: serine-protein kinase ATM [KO:K04728] [EC:2.7.11.1]
110202958  PIDD1; p53-induced death domain-containing protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K10130]
110202397  BBC3; bcl-2-binding component 3 isoform X1 [KO:K10132]
110216131  CASP2; caspase-2 isoform X1 [KO:K02186] [EC:3.4.22.55]
110219284  NGF; beta-nerve growth factor [KO:K02582]
110212119  NTRK1; high affinity nerve growth factor receptor isoform X1 [KO:K03176] [EC:2.7.10.1]
110212842  IL3RA; interleukin-3 receptor subunit alpha [KO:K04737]
110205736  CSF2RB; cytokine receptor common subunit beta isoform X1 [KO:K04738]
110204454  PIK3CA; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha isoform [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
110208219  PIK3CB; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit beta isoform isoform X1 [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
110199476  PIK3CD; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit delta isoform [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
110223395  PIK3R2; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit beta [KO:K02649]
110216530  PIK3R1; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit alpha isoform X1 [KO:K02649]
110209293  PIK3R3; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit gamma [KO:K02649]
110221981  PDPK1; 3-phosphoinositide-dependent protein kinase 1 isoform X1 [KO:K06276] [EC:2.7.11.1]
110205475  AKT3; RAC-gamma serine/threonine-protein kinase isoform X1 [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
110202713  AKT2; RAC-beta serine/threonine-protein kinase [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
110203042  AKT1; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: RAC-alpha serine/threonine-protein kinase [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
110202954  HRAS; GTPase HRas isoform X1 [KO:K02833]
110193352  KRAS; GTPase KRas isoform X1 [KO:K07827]
110219182  NRAS; GTPase NRas [KO:K07828]
110203410  GTPase NRas-like [KO:K07828]
110203411  GTPase HRas-like [KO:K07828]
110202309  GTPase HRas-like [KO:K07828]
110204892  RAF1; RAF proto-oncogene serine/threonine-protein kinase isoform X1 [KO:K04366] [EC:2.7.11.1]
110205943  MAP2K1; dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1 [KO:K04368] [EC:2.7.12.2]
110197417  MAP2K2; dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 2 [KO:K04369] [EC:2.7.12.2]
110221918  MAPK3; mitogen-activated protein kinase 3 [KO:K04371] [EC:2.7.11.24]
110215167  MAPK1; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 [KO:K04371] [EC:2.7.11.24]
Compound
C00027  Hydrogen peroxide
C00076  Calcium cation
C00319  Sphingosine
C05981  Phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate
Reference
PMID:26615431
  Authors
Savitskaya MA, Onishchenko GE
  Title
Mechanisms of Apoptosis.
  Journal
Biochemistry (Mosc) 80:1393-417 (2015)
DOI:10.1134/S0006297915110012
Reference
PMID:23803157
  Authors
Schleich K, Lavrik IN
  Title
Mathematical modeling of apoptosis.
  Journal
Cell Commun Signal 11:44 (2013)
DOI:10.1186/1478-811X-11-44
Reference
PMID:15654015
  Authors
Lavrik I, Golks A, Krammer PH
  Title
Death receptor signaling.
  Journal
J Cell Sci 118:265-7 (2005)
DOI:10.1242/jcs.01610
Reference
PMID:15725726
  Authors
Jin Z, El-Deiry WS
  Title
Overview of cell death signaling pathways.
  Journal
Cancer Biol Ther 4:139-63 (2005)
DOI:10.4161/cbt.4.2.1508
Reference
PMID:15322527
  Authors
Benn SC, Woolf CJ
  Title
Adult neuron survival strategies--slamming on the brakes.
  Journal
Nat Rev Neurosci 5:686-700 (2004)
DOI:10.1038/nrn1477
Reference
PMID:12838338
  Authors
Orrenius S, Zhivotovsky B, Nicotera P
  Title
Regulation of cell death: the calcium-apoptosis link.
  Journal
Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 4:552-65 (2003)
DOI:10.1038/nrm1150
Reference
PMID:19148180
  Authors
Clarke P, Tyler KL
  Title
Apoptosis in animal models of virus-induced disease.
  Journal
Nat Rev Microbiol 7:144-55 (2009)
DOI:10.1038/nrmicro2071
Reference
PMID:22429822
  Authors
Wen X, Lin ZQ, Liu B, Wei YQ
  Title
Caspase-mediated programmed cell death pathways as potential therapeutic targets in cancer.
  Journal
Cell Prolif 45:217-24 (2012)
DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2184.2012.00814.x
Reference
PMID:25526085
  Authors
Shalini S, Dorstyn L, Dawar S, Kumar S
  Title
Old, new and emerging functions of caspases.
  Journal
Cell Death Differ 22:526-39 (2015)
DOI:10.1038/cdd.2014.216
Reference
PMID:15601572
  Authors
Philchenkov A
  Title
Caspases: potential targets for regulating cell death.
  Journal
J Cell Mol Med 8:432-44 (2004)
DOI:10.1111/j.1582-4934.2004.tb00468.x
Reference
PMID:9894605
  Authors
Stroh C, Schulze-Osthoff K
  Title
Death by a thousand cuts: an ever increasing list of caspase substrates.
  Journal
Cell Death Differ 5:997-1000 (1998)
DOI:10.1038/sj.cdd.4400451
Reference
PMID:23070002
  Authors
Safa AR
  Title
c-FLIP, a master anti-apoptotic regulator.
  Journal
Exp Oncol 34:176-84 (2012)
Reference
PMID:18304445
  Authors
Jeong SY, Seol DW
  Title
The role of mitochondria in apoptosis.
  Journal
BMB Rep 41:11-22 (2008)
DOI:10.5483/bmbrep.2008.41.1.011
Reference
PMID:20533903
  Authors
Parsons MJ, Green DR
  Title
Mitochondria in cell death.
  Journal
Essays Biochem 47:99-114 (2010)
DOI:10.1042/bse0470099
Reference
PMID:15719025
  Authors
Strasser A
  Title
The role of BH3-only proteins in the immune system.
  Journal
Nat Rev Immunol 5:189-200 (2005)
DOI:10.1038/nri1568
Reference
PMID:24278747
  Authors
Schonthal AH
  Title
Endoplasmic reticulum stress: its role in disease and novel prospects for therapy.
  Journal
Scientifica (Cairo) 2012:857516 (2012)
DOI:10.6064/2012/857516
Reference
PMID:21145844
  Authors
Malhi H, Kaufman RJ
  Title
Endoplasmic reticulum stress in liver disease.
  Journal
J Hepatol 54:795-809 (2011)
DOI:10.1016/j.jhep.2010.11.005
Reference
PMID:18023214
  Authors
Malhotra JD, Kaufman RJ
  Title
The endoplasmic reticulum and the unfolded protein response.
  Journal
Semin Cell Dev Biol 18:716-31 (2007)
DOI:10.1016/j.semcdb.2007.09.003
Reference
PMID:16397578
  Authors
Wu J, Kaufman RJ
  Title
From acute ER stress to physiological roles of the Unfolded Protein Response.
  Journal
Cell Death Differ 13:374-84 (2006)
DOI:10.1038/sj.cdd.4401840
Reference
PMID:21914490
  Authors
Repnik U, Stoka V, Turk V, Turk B
  Title
Lysosomes and lysosomal cathepsins in cell death.
  Journal
Biochim Biophys Acta 1824:22-33 (2012)
DOI:10.1016/j.bbapap.2011.08.016
Reference
PMID:22465226
  Authors
Cesen MH, Pegan K, Spes A, Turk B
  Title
Lysosomal pathways to cell death and their therapeutic applications.
  Journal
Exp Cell Res 318:1245-51 (2012)
DOI:10.1016/j.yexcr.2012.03.005
Reference
PMID:26231733
  Authors
Dashzeveg N, Yoshida K
  Title
Cell death decision by p53 via control of the mitochondrial membrane.
  Journal
Cancer Lett 367:108-12 (2015)
DOI:10.1016/j.canlet.2015.07.019
Reference
PMID:22075987
  Authors
Bouchier-Hayes L, Green DR
  Title
Caspase-2: the orphan caspase.
  Journal
Cell Death Differ 19:51-7 (2012)
DOI:10.1038/cdd.2011.157
Reference
PMID:18238895
  Authors
Baptiste-Okoh N, Barsotti AM, Prives C
  Title
A role for caspase 2 and PIDD in the process of p53-mediated apoptosis.
  Journal
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 105:1937-42 (2008)
DOI:10.1073/pnas.0711800105
Reference
PMID:12949498
  Authors
Aggarwal BB
  Title
Signalling pathways of the TNF superfamily: a double-edged sword.
  Journal
Nat Rev Immunol 3:745-56 (2003)
DOI:10.1038/nri1184
Reference
PMID:14737178
  Authors
Steelman LS, Pohnert SC, Shelton JG, Franklin RA, Bertrand FE, McCubrey JA.
  Title
JAK/STAT, Raf/MEK/ERK, PI3K/Akt and BCR-ABL in cell cycle progression and leukemogenesis.
  Journal
Leukemia 18:189-218 (2004)
DOI:10.1038/sj.leu.2403241
Reference
PMID:9916983
  Authors
Dragovich T, Rudin CM, Thompson CB
  Title
Signal transduction pathways that regulate cell survival and cell death.
  Journal
Oncogene 17:3207-13 (1998)
DOI:10.1038/sj.onc.1202587
Reference
PMID:11520933
  Authors
Sofroniew MV, Howe CL, Mobley WC
  Title
Nerve growth factor signaling, neuroprotection, and neural repair.
  Journal
Annu Rev Neurosci 24:1217-81 (2001)
DOI:10.1146/annurev.neuro.24.1.1217
Reference
PMID:24769728
  Authors
Kristiansen M, Ham J
  Title
Programmed cell death during neuronal development: the sympathetic neuron model.
  Journal
Cell Death Differ 21:1025-35 (2014)
DOI:10.1038/cdd.2014.47
Reference
PMID:18208375
  Authors
Logue SE, Martin SJ
  Title
Caspase activation cascades in apoptosis.
  Journal
Biochem Soc Trans 36:1-9 (2008)
DOI:10.1042/BST0360001
Reference
PMID:19770840
  Authors
Boivin WA, Cooper DM, Hiebert PR, Granville DJ
  Title
Intracellular versus extracellular granzyme B in immunity and disease: challenging the dogma.
  Journal
Lab Invest 89:1195-220 (2009)
DOI:10.1038/labinvest.2009.91
Reference
PMID:20075940
  Authors
Cullen SP, Brunet M, Martin SJ
  Title
Granzymes in cancer and immunity.
  Journal
Cell Death Differ 17:616-23 (2010)
DOI:10.1038/cdd.2009.206
Related
pathway
pcw04010  MAPK signaling pathway
pcw04020  Calcium signaling pathway
pcw04064  NF-kappa B signaling pathway
pcw04115  p53 signaling pathway
pcw04141  Protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum
pcw04151  PI3K-Akt signaling pathway
pcw04650  Natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity
pcw04668  TNF signaling pathway
KO pathway
ko04210   
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