KEGG   PATHWAY: ray04713
Entry
ray04713                    Pathway                                
Name
Circadian entrainment - Rousettus aegyptiacus (Egyptian rousette)
Description
Circadian entrainment is a fundamental property by which the period of the internal biological clock is entrained by recurring exogenous signals, such that the organism's endocrine and behavioral rhythms are synchronized to environmental cues. In mammals, a master clock is located in the suprachiasmatic nuclei (SCN) of the hypothalamus and may synchronize circadian oscillators in peripheral tissues. Light signal is the dominant synchronizer for master SCN clock. Downstream from the retina, glutamate and PACAP are released and trigger the activation of signal transduction cascades, including CamKII and nNOS activity, cAMP- and cGMP-dependent protein kinases, and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK). Of non-photic entrainment, important phase shifting capabilities have been found for melatonin, which inhibits light-induced phase shifts through inhibition of adenylate cyclase (AC). Multiple entrainment pathways converge into CREB regulation. In turn, phosphorylated CREB activates clock gene expression.
Class
Organismal Systems; Environmental adaptation
Pathway map
ray04713  Circadian entrainment
ray04713

Other DBs
GO: 0009649
Organism
Rousettus aegyptiacus (Egyptian rousette) [GN:ray]
Gene
107503090  GRIN1; glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 1 isoform X1 [KO:K05208]
107514651  GRIN2A; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2A [KO:K05209]
107508606  GRIN2B; glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2B [KO:K05210]
107503801  GRIN2C; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2C [KO:K05211]
107498864  GRIN2D; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2D [KO:K05212]
107509556  CALM2; calmodulin [KO:K02183]
107508927  CALML4; calmodulin-like protein 4 isoform X1 [KO:K02183]
107515457  CALM1; calmodulin [KO:K02183]
107516034  CALM3; calmodulin [KO:K02183]
107501627  calmodulin-like protein 5 [KO:K02183]
107510894  CAMK2D; calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type II subunit delta isoform X1 [KO:K04515] [EC:2.7.11.17]
107512385  CAMK2B; calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type II subunit beta isoform X1 [KO:K04515] [EC:2.7.11.17]
107497167  CAMK2A; calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type II subunit alpha isoform X1 [KO:K04515] [EC:2.7.11.17]
107498266  CAMK2G; calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type II subunit gamma isoform X1 [KO:K04515] [EC:2.7.11.17]
107513162  NOS1; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: nitric oxide synthase, brain [KO:K13240] [EC:1.14.13.39]
107515836  MAPK3; mitogen-activated protein kinase 3 isoform X1 [KO:K04371] [EC:2.7.11.24]
107497830  MAPK1; mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 [KO:K04371] [EC:2.7.11.24]
107515442  RPS6KA5; ribosomal protein S6 kinase alpha-5 isoform X1 [KO:K04445] [EC:2.7.11.1]
107505169  CREB1; cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K05870]
107504134  ITPR1; inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04958]
107511965  ITPR3; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 3 [KO:K04960]
107520956  RYR1; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: ryanodine receptor 1 [KO:K04961]
107520024  RYR2; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: ryanodine receptor 2 [KO:K04962]
107518789  RYR3; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: ryanodine receptor 3 [KO:K04963]
107502473  NOS1AP; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: carboxyl-terminal PDZ ligand of neuronal nitric oxide synthase protein [KO:K16513]
107511101  RASD1; dexamethasone-induced Ras-related protein 1 [KO:K07843]
107516134  GNAI3; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(k) subunit alpha [KO:K04630]
107518173  GNAI1; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-1 [KO:K04630]
107513376  GNAI2; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-2 [KO:K04630]
107499654  GNAO1; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(o) subunit alpha isoform X1 [KO:K04534]
107510694  GNB1; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-1 [KO:K04536]
107500009  GNB2; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-2 [KO:K04537]
107519797  GNB3; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-3 [KO:K07825]
107518411  GNB4; guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit beta-4 [KO:K04538]
107519728  GNB5; guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit beta-5 isoform X1 [KO:K04539]
107498117  GNG2; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-2 [KO:K07826]
107501581  GNG3; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-3 [KO:K04540]
107520069  GNG4; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-4 [KO:K04541]
107511584  GNG5; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-5 [KO:K04542]
107520101  GNG7; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-7 [KO:K04543]
107516040  GNG8; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-8 [KO:K04544]
107502631  GNG10; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-10 [KO:K04545]
107518824  GNG11; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-11 [KO:K04546]
107519408  guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-7-like [KO:K04347]
107520565  GNG12; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-12 [KO:K04347]
107506102  GNG13; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-13 isoform X1 [KO:K04547]
107518812  GNGT1; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(T) subunit gamma-T1 [KO:K04548]
107517574  GNGT2; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-T2 [KO:K04549]
107521882  GRIA1; glutamate receptor 1 isoform X1 [KO:K05197]
107507556  GRIA2; glutamate receptor 2 isoform X1 [KO:K05198]
107505766  GRIA3; glutamate receptor 3 isoform X1 [KO:K05199]
107518223  GRIA4; glutamate receptor 4 isoform X1 [KO:K05200]
107517573  CACNA1G; voltage-dependent T-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1G [KO:K04854]
107506097  CACNA1H; voltage-dependent T-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1H isoform X1 [KO:K04855]
107500818  CACNA1I; voltage-dependent T-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1I isoform X1 [KO:K04856]
107520585  ADCYAP1; pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide isoform X1 [KO:K05262]
107499553  ADCYAP1R1; pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide type I receptor isoform X1 [KO:K04587]
107500068  neuroendocrine secretory protein 55-like [KO:K04632]
107500067  GNAS; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(s) subunit alpha isoform X1 [KO:K04632]
107512406  ADCY1; adenylate cyclase type 1 [KO:K08041] [EC:4.6.1.1]
107502700  ADCY2; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: adenylate cyclase type 2 [KO:K08042] [EC:4.6.1.1]
107498506  ADCY3; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: adenylate cyclase type 3 [KO:K08043] [EC:4.6.1.1]
107498014  ADCY4; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: adenylate cyclase type 4 [KO:K08044] [EC:4.6.1.1]
107518038  ADCY5; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: adenylate cyclase type 5 [KO:K08045] [EC:4.6.1.1]
107514224  ADCY6; adenylate cyclase type 6 isoform X1 [KO:K08046] [EC:4.6.1.1]
107512248  ADCY7; adenylate cyclase type 7 isoform X1 [KO:K08047] [EC:4.6.1.1]
107497689  ADCY8; adenylate cyclase type 8 isoform X1 [KO:K08048] [EC:4.6.1.1]
107521680  ADCY9; adenylate cyclase type 9 [KO:K08049] [EC:4.6.1.1]
107499090  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: adenylate cyclase type 10-like [KO:K11265] [EC:4.6.1.1]
107512745  ADCY10; adenylate cyclase type 10 isoform X1 [KO:K11265] [EC:4.6.1.1]
107519437  PRKACA; cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha [KO:K04345] [EC:2.7.11.11]
107511590  PRKACB; cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit beta isoform X1 [KO:K04345] [EC:2.7.11.11]
107507549  GUCY1A3; guanylate cyclase soluble subunit alpha-3 [KO:K12318] [EC:4.6.1.2]
107518221  GUCY1A2; guanylate cyclase soluble subunit alpha-2 [KO:K12318] [EC:4.6.1.2]
107507550  GUCY1B3; guanylate cyclase soluble subunit beta-1 isoform X1 [KO:K12319] [EC:4.6.1.2]
107509998  guanylate cyclase soluble subunit beta-2-like [KO:K12319] [EC:4.6.1.2]
107515478  PRKG1; cGMP-dependent protein kinase 1 isoform X1 [KO:K07376] [EC:2.7.11.12]
107516479  PRKG2; cGMP-dependent protein kinase 2 isoform X1 [KO:K19477] [EC:2.7.11.12]
107500540  CACNA1C; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1C [KO:K04850]
107516535  CACNA1D; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1D [KO:K04851]
107517673  MTNR1B; melatonin receptor type 1B [KO:K04286]
107510431  MTNR1A; melatonin receptor type 1A [KO:K04285]
107517194  GNAQ; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(q) subunit alpha [KO:K04634]
107506114  PLCB1; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase beta-1 isoform X1 [KO:K05858] [EC:3.1.4.11]
107519930  PLCB4; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase beta-4 isoform X1 [KO:K05858] [EC:3.1.4.11]
107497081  PLCB3; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase beta-3 isoform X1 [KO:K05858] [EC:3.1.4.11]
107514464  PLCB2; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase beta-2 isoform X1 [KO:K05858] [EC:3.1.4.11]
107510307  PRKCA; protein kinase C alpha type isoform X1 [KO:K02677] [EC:2.7.11.13]
107516091  PRKCB; protein kinase C beta type isoform X1 [KO:K19662] [EC:2.7.11.13]
107503061  PRKCG; protein kinase C gamma type isoform X1 [KO:K19663] [EC:2.7.11.13]
107521176  KCNJ3; G protein-activated inward rectifier potassium channel 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04997]
107507814  KCNJ5; G protein-activated inward rectifier potassium channel 4 isoform X1 [KO:K04999]
107499288  KCNJ6; G protein-activated inward rectifier potassium channel 2 isoform X1 [KO:K05000]
107507932  KCNJ9; G protein-activated inward rectifier potassium channel 3 [KO:K05002]
107515670  PER1; period circadian protein homolog 1 isoform X1 [KO:K21944]
107510593  PER2; period circadian protein homolog 2 isoform X1 [KO:K02633]
107517694  PER3; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: period circadian protein homolog 3 [KO:K21945]
107498912  FOS; proto-oncogene c-Fos [KO:K04379]
Compound
C00025  L-Glutamate
C00076  Calcium cation
C00165  Diacylglycerol
C00238  Potassium cation
C00533  Nitric oxide
C00575  3',5'-Cyclic AMP
C00942  3',5'-Cyclic GMP
C01330  Sodium cation
C01598  Melatonin
Reference
  Authors
Brown TM, Piggins HD
  Title
Electrophysiology of the suprachiasmatic circadian clock.
  Journal
Prog Neurobiol 82:229-55 (2007)
DOI:10.1016/j.pneurobio.2007.05.002
Reference
  Authors
Dickson L, Finlayson K
  Title
VPAC and PAC receptors: From ligands to function.
  Journal
Pharmacol Ther 121:294-316 (2009)
DOI:10.1016/j.pharmthera.2008.11.006
Reference
  Authors
Golombek DA, Rosenstein RE
  Title
Physiology of circadian entrainment.
  Journal
Physiol Rev 90:1063-102 (2010)
DOI:10.1152/physrev.00009.2009
Reference
  Authors
Dubocovich ML, Markowska M
  Title
Functional MT1 and MT2 melatonin receptors in mammals.
  Journal
Endocrine 27:101-10 (2005)
DOI:10.1385/ENDO:27:2:101
Reference
  Authors
Dubocovich ML, Delagrange P, Krause DN, Sugden D, Cardinali DP, Olcese J
  Title
International Union of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology. LXXV. Nomenclature, classification, and pharmacology of G protein-coupled melatonin receptors.
  Journal
Pharmacol Rev 62:343-80 (2010)
DOI:10.1124/pr.110.002832
Reference
  Authors
Hardeland R
  Title
Melatonin: signaling mechanisms of a pleiotropic agent.
  Journal
Biofactors 35:183-92 (2009)
DOI:10.1002/biof.23
Reference
  Authors
Golombek DA, Ferreyra GA, Agostino PV, Murad AD, Rubio MF, Pizzio GA, Katz ME, Marpegan L, Bekinschtein TA
  Title
From light to genes: moving the hands of the circadian clock.
  Journal
Front Biosci 8:s285-93 (2003)
DOI:10.2741/1038
Reference
  Authors
Mertens I, Husson SJ, Janssen T, Lindemans M, Schoofs L
  Title
PACAP and PDF signaling in the regulation of mammalian and insect circadian rhythms.
  Journal
Peptides 28:1775-83 (2007)
DOI:10.1016/j.peptides.2007.05.005
Reference
  Authors
Kim DY, Choi HJ, Kim JS, Kim YS, Jeong DU, Shin HC, Kim MJ, Han HC, Hong SK, Kim YI
  Title
Voltage-gated calcium channels play crucial roles in the glutamate-induced phase shifts of the rat suprachiasmatic circadian clock.
  Journal
Eur J Neurosci 21:1215-22 (2005)
DOI:10.1111/j.1460-9568.2005.03950.x
Reference
  Authors
Agostino PV, Ferreyra GA, Murad AD, Watanabe Y, Golombek DA
  Title
Diurnal, circadian and photic regulation of calcium/calmodulin-dependent kinase II and neuronal nitric oxide synthase in the hamster suprachiasmatic nuclei.
  Journal
Neurochem Int 44:617-25 (2004)
DOI:10.1016/j.neuint.2003.09.005
Reference
  Authors
Ferreyra GA, Golombek DA
  Title
Rhythmicity of the cGMP-related signal transduction pathway in the mammalian circadian system.
  Journal
Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 280:R1348-55 (2001)
DOI:10.1152/ajpregu.2001.280.5.R1348
Reference
  Authors
Butcher GQ, Lee B, Cheng HY, Obrietan K
  Title
Light stimulates MSK1 activation in the suprachiasmatic nucleus via a PACAP-ERK/MAP kinase-dependent mechanism.
  Journal
J Neurosci 25:5305-13 (2005)
DOI:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.4361-04.2005
Reference
  Authors
Hamada T, Niki T, Ziging P, Sugiyama T, Watanabe S, Mikoshiba K, Ishida N
  Title
Differential expression patterns of inositol trisphosphate receptor types 1 and 3 in the rat suprachiasmatic nucleus.
  Journal
Brain Res 838:131-5 (1999)
DOI:10.1016/S0006-8993(99)01719-9
Reference
  Authors
Diaz-Munoz M, Dent MA, Granados-Fuentes D, Hall AC, Hernandez-Cruz A, Harrington ME, Aguilar-Roblero R
  Title
Circadian modulation of the ryanodine receptor type 2 in the SCN of rodents.
  Journal
Neuroreport 10:481-6 (1999)
DOI:10.1097/00001756-199902250-00007
Reference
  Authors
Fang M, Jaffrey SR, Sawa A, Ye K, Luo X, Snyder SH
  Title
Dexras1: a G protein specifically coupled to neuronal nitric oxide synthase via CAPON.
  Journal
Neuron 28:183-93 (2000)
DOI:10.1016/S0896-6273(00)00095-7
Reference
  Authors
Takahashi H, Umeda N, Tsutsumi Y, Fukumura R, Ohkaze H, Sujino M, van der Horst G, Yasui A, Inouye ST, Fujimori A, Ohhata T, Araki R, Abe M
  Title
Mouse dexamethasone-induced RAS protein 1 gene is expressed in a circadian rhythmic manner in the suprachiasmatic nucleus.
  Journal
Brain Res Mol Brain Res 110:1-6 (2003)
DOI:10.1016/S0169-328X(02)00543-0
Reference
  Authors
Cheng HY, Dziema H, Papp J, Mathur DP, Koletar M, Ralph MR, Penninger JM, Obrietan K
  Title
The molecular gatekeeper Dexras1 sculpts the photic responsiveness of the mammalian circadian clock.
  Journal
J Neurosci 26:12984-95 (2006)
DOI:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.4253-06.2006
Related
pathway
ray04010  MAPK signaling pathway
ray04710  Circadian rhythm
KO pathway
ko04713   
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