KEGG   PATHWAY: rbb05217
Entry
rbb05217                    Pathway                                
Name
Basal cell carcinoma - Rhinopithecus bieti (black snub-nosed monkey)
Description
Cancer of the skin is the most common cancer in Caucasians and basal cell carcinomas (BCC) account for 90% of all skin cancers. The vast majority of BCC cases are sporadic, though there is a rare familial syndrome basal cell nevus syndrome (BCNS, or Gorlin syndrome) that predisposes to development of BCC. In addition, there is strong epidemiological and genetic evidence that demonstrates UV exposure as a risk factor of prime importance. The development of basal cell carcinoma is associated with constitutive activation of sonic hedgehog signaling. The mutations in SMOH, PTCH1, and SHH in BCCs result in continuous activation of target genes. At a cellular level, sonic hedgehog signaling promotes cell proliferation. Mutations in TP53 are also found with high frequency (>50%) in sporadic BCC.
Class
Human Diseases; Cancer: specific types
Pathway map
rbb05217  Basal cell carcinoma
rbb05217

Organism
Rhinopithecus bieti (black snub-nosed monkey) [GN:rbb]
Gene
108514363  TP53; cellular tumor antigen p53 isoform X1 [KO:K04451]
108528336  CDKN1A; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1 [KO:K06625]
108538612  GADD45G; growth arrest and DNA damage-inducible protein GADD45 gamma [KO:K04402]
108532870  GADD45A; growth arrest and DNA damage-inducible protein GADD45 alpha [KO:K04402]
108531451  GADD45B; growth arrest and DNA damage-inducible protein GADD45 beta [KO:K04402]
108523624  BAX; apoptosis regulator BAX isoform X1 [KO:K02159]
108516259  BAK1; bcl-2 homologous antagonist/killer [KO:K14021]
108521962  DDB2; DNA damage-binding protein 2 [KO:K10140]
108513078  POLK; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: DNA polymerase kappa [KO:K03511] [EC:2.7.7.7]
108520988  SHH; sonic hedgehog protein [KO:K11988]
108529288  PTCH1; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: protein patched homolog 1 [KO:K06225]
108544876  SMO; smoothened homolog isoform X1 [KO:K06226]
108521414  KIF7; kinesin-like protein KIF7 isoform X1 [KO:K18806]
108515088  SUFU; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: suppressor of fused homolog [KO:K06229]
108519687  GLI1; zinc finger protein GLI1 [KO:K16797]
108542113  GLI2; zinc finger protein GLI2 isoform X1 [KO:K16798]
108526558  GLI3; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: transcriptional activator GLI3 [KO:K06230]
108533001  BMP2; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: bone morphogenetic protein 2 [KO:K21283]
108525104  bone morphogenetic protein 2 [KO:K21283]
108513693  bone morphogenetic protein 4 [KO:K04662]
108521862  HHIP; hedgehog-interacting protein isoform X1 [KO:K06231]
108535602  PTCH2; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: protein patched homolog 2 [KO:K11101]
108543922  WNT1; proto-oncogene Wnt-1 [KO:K03209]
108528095  WNT2B; protein Wnt-2b [KO:K00182]
108526536  WNT2; protein Wnt-2 [KO:K00182]
108536790  WNT3A; protein Wnt-3a [KO:K00312]
108529362  WNT3; proto-oncogene Wnt-3 [KO:K00312]
108538467  WNT4; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: protein Wnt-4 [KO:K00408]
108543619  WNT5A; protein Wnt-5a isoform X1 [KO:K00444]
108522823  WNT5B; protein Wnt-5b isoform X1 [KO:K00444]
108518481  WNT6; protein Wnt-6 [KO:K00445]
108544845  WNT7A; protein Wnt-7a [KO:K00572]
108514489  WNT7B; protein Wnt-7b [KO:K00572]
108527856  WNT8A; protein Wnt-8a isoform X1 [KO:K00714]
108535264  WNT8B; protein Wnt-8b isoform X1 [KO:K00714]
108536803  WNT9A; protein Wnt-9a [KO:K01064]
108529352  WNT9B; protein Wnt-9b [KO:K01064]
108543904  WNT10B; protein Wnt-10b [KO:K01357]
108518480  WNT10A; protein Wnt-10a [KO:K01357]
108527394  WNT11; protein Wnt-11 isoform X1 [KO:K01384]
108518499  WNT16; protein Wnt-16 isoform X1 [KO:K01558]
108537219  FZD7; frizzled-7 [KO:K02432]
108525869  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: frizzled-7-like [KO:K02432]
108544288  FZD1; frizzled-1 [KO:K02432]
108532224  FZD2; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: frizzled-2 [KO:K02235]
108537384  FZD3; frizzled-3 isoform X1 [KO:K02329]
108514575  FZD4; frizzled-4 isoform X1 [KO:K02354]
108525086  frizzled-8 [KO:K02375]
108540357  FZD5; frizzled-5 [KO:K02375]
108537599  FZD6; frizzled-6 [KO:K02376]
108526709  FZD10; frizzled-10 [KO:K02842]
108518894  FZD9; frizzled-9 [KO:K02842]
108514297  DVL2; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: segment polarity protein dishevelled homolog DVL-2 [KO:K02353]
108522287  segment polarity protein dishevelled homolog DVL-1 [KO:K02353]
108524838  DVL3; segment polarity protein dishevelled homolog DVL-3 isoform X1 [KO:K02353]
108541757  GSK3B; glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta isoform X1 [KO:K03083] [EC:2.7.11.26]
108521119  AXIN1; axin-1 isoform X1 [KO:K02157]
108517751  AXIN2; axin-2 isoform X1 [KO:K04385]
108540305  APC; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: adenomatous polyposis coli protein [KO:K02085]
108530233  APC2; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: adenomatous polyposis coli protein 2 [KO:K02085]
108542618  CTNNB1; catenin beta-1 isoform X1 [KO:K02105]
108529562  TCF7; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: transcription factor 7 [KO:K02620]
108542809  TCF7L1; transcription factor 7-like 1 [KO:K04490]
108542456  TCF7L2; transcription factor 7-like 2 isoform X1 [KO:K04491]
108515891  LEF1; lymphoid enhancer-binding factor 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04492]
Compound
C00187  Cholesterol
Reference
PMID:15948971
  Authors
Tilli CM, Van Steensel MA, Krekels GA, Neumann HA, Ramaekers FC.
  Title
Molecular aetiology and pathogenesis of basal cell carcinoma.
  Journal
Br J Dermatol 152:1108-24 (2005)
DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2133.2005.06587.x
Reference
PMID:12588368
  Authors
Saldanha G, Fletcher A, Slater DN.
  Title
Basal cell carcinoma: a dermatopathological and molecular biological update.
  Journal
Br J Dermatol 148:195-202 (2003)
DOI:10.1046/j.1365-2133.2003.05151.x
Reference
PMID:15978322
  Authors
Daya-Grosjean L, Couve-Privat S.
  Title
Sonic hedgehog signaling in basal cell carcinomas.
  Journal
Cancer Lett 225:181-92 (2005)
DOI:10.1016/j.canlet.2004.10.003
Reference
PMID:15468170
  Authors
Tsai KY, Tsao H.
  Title
The genetics of skin cancer.
  Journal
Am J Med Genet C Semin Med Genet 131C:82-92 (2004)
DOI:10.1002/ajmg.c.30037
Reference
PMID:16881963
  Authors
Athar M, Tang X, Lee JL, Kopelovich L, Kim AL.
  Title
Hedgehog signalling in skin development and cancer.
  Journal
Exp Dermatol 15:667-77 (2006)
DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0625.2006.00473.x
Reference
PMID:16306523
  Authors
Rubin AI, Chen EH, Ratner D.
  Title
Basal-cell carcinoma.
  Journal
N Engl J Med 353:2262-9 (2005)
DOI:10.1056/NEJMra044151
Reference
PMID:11276000
  Authors
Saldanha G.
  Title
The Hedgehog signalling pathway and cancer.
  Journal
J Pathol 193:427-32 (2001)
DOI:10.1002/1096-9896(2000)9999:9999<::AID-PATH815>3.0.CO;2-N
Reference
PMID:15270885
  Authors
Saldanha G, Ghura V, Potter L, Fletcher A.
  Title
Nuclear beta-catenin in basal cell carcinoma correlates with increased proliferation.
  Journal
Br J Dermatol 151:157-64 (2004)
DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2133.2004.06048.x
Reference
PMID:14737121
  Authors
Pasca di Magliano M, Hebrok M.
  Title
Hedgehog signalling in cancer formation and maintenance.
  Journal
Nat Rev Cancer 3:903-11 (2003)
DOI:10.1038/nrc1229
Reference
PMID:15656799
  Authors
Reifenberger J, Wolter M, Knobbe CB, Kohler B, Schonicke A, Scharwachter C, Kumar K, Blaschke B, Ruzicka T, Reifenberger G.
  Title
Somatic mutations in the PTCH, SMOH, SUFUH and TP53 genes in sporadic basal cell carcinomas.
  Journal
Br J Dermatol 152:43-51 (2005)
DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2133.2005.06353.x
Reference
PMID:14556242
  Authors
Cohen MM Jr.
  Title
The hedgehog signaling network.
  Journal
Am J Med Genet A 123:5-28 (2003)
DOI:10.1002/ajmg.a.20495
Reference
PMID:11736900
  Authors
Yamazaki F, Aragane Y, Kawada A, Tezuka T.
  Title
Immunohistochemical detection for nuclear beta-catenin in sporadic basal cell carcinoma.
  Journal
Br J Dermatol 145:771-7 (2001)
DOI:10.1046/j.1365-2133.2001.04468.x
Reference
PMID:16054233
  Authors
Erb P, Ji J, Wernli M, Kump E, Glaser A, Buchner SA.
  Title
Role of apoptosis in basal cell and squamous cell carcinoma formation.
  Journal
Immunol Lett 100:68-72 (2005)
DOI:10.1016/j.imlet.2005.06.008
Reference
PMID:11130178
  Authors
Toftgard R.
  Title
Hedgehog signalling in cancer.
  Journal
Cell Mol Life Sci 57:1720-31 (2000)
DOI:10.1007/PL00000654
Reference
PMID:28286127
  Authors
Wu F, Zhang Y, Sun B, McMahon AP, Wang Y
  Title
Hedgehog Signaling: From Basic Biology to Cancer Therapy.
  Journal
Cell Chem Biol 24:252-280 (2017)
DOI:10.1016/j.chembiol.2017.02.010
Reference
PMID:25766766
  Authors
Otsuka A, Levesque MP, Dummer R, Kabashima K
  Title
Hedgehog signaling in basal cell carcinoma.
  Journal
J Dermatol Sci 78:95-100 (2015)
DOI:10.1016/j.jdermsci.2015.02.007
Related
pathway
rbb04110  Cell cycle
rbb04115  p53 signaling pathway
rbb04310  Wnt signaling pathway
rbb04340  Hedgehog signaling pathway
rbb04350  TGF-beta signaling pathway
KO pathway
ko05217   
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