KEGG ENZYME: 1.14.13.179

ENZYME: 1.14.13.179

Entry

EC 1.14.13.179              Enzyme

Name

methylxanthine N3-demethylase;
ndmB (gene name)

Class

Oxidoreductases;
Acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen;
With NADH or NADPH as one donor, and incorporation of one atom of oxygen into the other donor

Sysname

theobromine:oxygen oxidoreductase (N3-demethylating)

Reaction(IUBMB)

(1) theobromine + O2 + NAD(P)H + H+ = 7-methylxanthine + NAD(P)+ + H2O + formaldehyde [RN:R07961 R07962];
(2) 3-methylxanthine + O2 + NAD(P)H + H+ = xanthine + NAD(P)+ + H2O + formaldehyde [RN:R07967 R07968]

Reaction(KEGG)

R07961 R07962 R07967 R07968;
(other) R07939 R07954 R07975 R07976

Substrate

theobromine [CPD:C07480];
O2 [CPD:C00007];
NADH [CPD:C00004];
NADPH [CPD:C00005];
H+ [CPD:C00080];
3-methylxanthine [CPD:C16357]

Product

7-methylxanthine [CPD:C16353];
NAD+ [CPD:C00003];
NADP+ [CPD:C00006];
H2O [CPD:C00001];
formaldehyde [CPD:C00067];
xanthine [CPD:C00385]

Comment

A non-heme iron oxygenase. The enzyme from the bacterium Pseudomonas putida shares an NAD(P)H-FMN reductase subunit with EC 1.14.13.178, methylxanthine N1-demethylase, and has higher activity with NADH than with NADPH [1]. Also demethylates caffeine and theophylline with lower efficiency. Forms part of the degradation pathway of methylxanthines.

History

EC 1.14.13.179 created 2013

Pathway

ec00232

Caffeine metabolism

ec01100

Metabolic pathways

ec01110

Biosynthesis of secondary metabolites

ec01120

Microbial metabolism in diverse environments

Orthology

K21723

methylxanthine N3-demethylase

Genes

PHF:	NLY38_11715

PCAF:

DSC91_007650

PPAI:

E1956_21975

MMS:

mma_0224

PAEZ:

PAE61_02340

PARH:

I5S86_05110

Reference

1 [PMID:20966097]

Authors

Summers RM, Louie TM, Yu CL, Subramanian M

Title

Characterization of a broad-specificity non-haem iron N-demethylase from Pseudomonas putida CBB5 capable of utilizing several purine alkaloids as sole carbon and nitrogen source.

Journal

Microbiology 157:583-92 (2011)
DOI:10.1099/mic.0.043612-0

Sequence

[ag:AFD03117]

Reference

2 [PMID:22328667]

Authors

Summers RM, Louie TM, Yu CL, Gakhar L, Louie KC, Subramanian M

Title

Novel, highly specific N-demethylases enable bacteria to live on caffeine and related purine alkaloids.

Journal

J Bacteriol 194:2041-9 (2012)
DOI:10.1128/JB.06637-11