KEGG ENZYME: 1.14.19.29

ENZYME: 1.14.19.29

Entry

EC 1.14.19.29               Enzyme

Name

sphingolipid 8-(E/Z)-desaturase;
8-sphingolipid desaturase (ambiguous);
8 fatty acid desaturase (ambiguous);
DELTA8-sphingolipid desaturase (ambiguous)

Class

Oxidoreductases;
Acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen;
With oxidation of a pair of donors resulting in the reduction of O2 to two molecules of water

Sysname

(4R)-4-hydroxysphinganine ceramide,ferrocytochrome b5:oxygen oxidoreductase (8,9 cis/trans-dehydrogenating)

Reaction(IUBMB)

(1) a (4R)-4-hydroxysphinganine ceramide + 2 ferrocytochrome b5 + O2 + 2 H+ = a (4R,8E)-4-hydroxysphing-8-enine ceramide + 2 ferricytochrome b5 + 2 H2O [RN:R11009];
(2) a (4R)-4-hydroxysphinganine ceramide + 2 ferrocytochrome b5 + O2 + 2 H+ = a (4R,8Z)-4-hydroxysphing-8-enine ceramide + 2 ferricytochrome b5 + 2 H2O [RN:R11010]

Reaction(KEGG)

R11009 R11010

Substrate

(4R)-4-hydroxysphinganine ceramide [CPD:C12145];
ferrocytochrome b5 [CPD:C00999];
O2 [CPD:C00007];
H+ [CPD:C00080]

Product

(4R,8E)-4-hydroxysphing-8-enine ceramide [CPD:C21024];
ferricytochrome b5 [CPD:C00996];
H2O [CPD:C00001];
(4R,8Z)-4-hydroxysphing-8-enine ceramide [CPD:C21025]

Comment

The enzymes from higher plants convert sphinganine, 4E-sphing-4-enine and phytosphinganine into E/Z-mixtures of Delta8-desaturated products displaying different proportions of geometrical isomers depending on plant species. The nature of the actual desaturase substrate has not yet been studied experimentally. The enzymes contain an N-terminal cytochrome b5 domain that acts as the direct electron donor to the active site of the desaturase [1]. The homologous enzymes from some yeasts and diatoms, EC 1.14.19.18, sphingolipid 8-(E)-desaturase, act on sphing-4-enine ceramides and produce only the trans isomer.

History

EC 1.14.19.29 created 2015

Orthology

K21734

sphingolipid 8-(E/Z)-desaturase

Genes

TCA:

103313875

EPA:

110250545

ATEN:

116288373

PDAM:

113681495

SPIS:

111329109

DGT:

114519894

XEN:

124443025

ATH:	AT2G46210(SLD2) AT3G61580(SLD1)

ALY:	9314459 9318121

CRB:	17886603 17890135

CSAT:

104699734 104749205 104783195 104784696 104788453 104793590

EUS:	EUTSA_v10001443mg EUTSA_v10005967mg

BRP:	103830309 103841980 103862821 103866493

BNA:	106353274 106368476 106394992 106406140 106415511 106444994 106454539 111203285 125585413

BOE:	106300808 106312648 106320935 106336649 106341934

RSZ:	108810631 108818116 108855713 108856553

THJ:	104817325 104827608

CPAP:

110820889

CIT:	102627612 127901271

CIC:	CICLE_v10020141mg

PVY:

116136963

MINC:

123217629 123222999

TCC:

18614052

GRA:	105763879 105796533 105802754

GHI:	107911572 107923462 107924217 107942959 107954521 107955267

GAB:	108457178 108473711 108477395

HSYR:

120136330 120158517 120165488 120188554 120208095

DZI:	111304793 111313905

EGR:

104442138

GMX:	100781495(SLD1.6) 100782383(SLD1.2) 100788222(SLD1.1) 100793992(SLD1.3)

GSJ:	114386409 114396457 114411150 114423279

PVU:	PHAVU_002G086300g PHAVU_003G049200g

VRA:	106765604 106778080

VAR:	108330972 108335779 108339604

VUN:	114173894 114178923

VUM:	124820324 124833416

CCAJ:

109801588 109813772

APRC:

113857735 113869188

MTR:

11407795

TPRA:

123897597

CAM:

101513555

PSAT:

127075248

VVO:	131620450 131628845

LJA:	130710934 130711080 130739838

ADU:	107481228 107481229 107489425

AIP:	107631883 107631884 107643646

AHF:	112734073 112734074 112750341 112791921 112791923 112801592

LANG:

109331454 109336138 109340234 109349330 109349563

PCIN:

129310405

QSA:	O6P43_017699 O6P43_027294 O6P43_027312

FVE:	101304219 101304804

RCN:	112181832 112181839

PPER:

18784711 18786078

PMUM:

103332046 103332049

PAVI:

110751733 110751775

PDUL:

117617652 117617707

MDM:	103407115 103407203 103445236 103447141

MSYL:

126629693 126630714 126630947 126630962

PXB:	103931101 103931106 103941634 103941637

ZJU:

107423731

MNT:

21405297

CSAV:

115702099

CSV:

101215907

CMO:

103497683

BHJ:

120067194

MCHA:

111016217

CMAX:

111494458 111499262

CMOS:

111460269 111464415

CPEP:

111778574 111786991 111807163

RCU:

8286702

MEAN:

126687256

JCU:

105642914

HBR:	110638023 110667005

MESC:

110615554 110620626

POP:	7457369 7492740

PEU:	105124815 105134513

PALZ:

118041575 118057823 118057834

PNZ:	133682347 133692626

JRE:	109002707 109009165

CILL:

122299334 122310631

CAVE:

132187564

QSU:

112033703

QLO:

115987103

TWL:

119982756

VVI:

100265385

VRI:

117932496

SLY:	101254596 101259374 101259676

SPEN:

107002543 107002619 107018458

SOT:	102581622 102596480

SSTN:

125856616 125864560 125864561 125867073

SDUL:

129876022 129876023 129876534 129877333 129877359

CANN:

107843501 107845631 107845637

LBB:	132632581 132632589 132640657

NTA:	107760728 107782453 107789659 107796030 107808708 107821574

NSY:	104212214 104236342 104237762

NTO:	104095460 104105343 104115589

NAU:	109208019 109244746 109244748

INI:

109155952

ITR:

115996701

SIND:

105173118 105173143

OEU:	111390364 111411701 111411703

EGT:

105963860

SSPL:

121750502 121762503 121765374 121792484 121793463 121798638

SMIL:

130998952 131009718 131020765

SHIS:

125202038 125205576 125221909

APAN:

127250344

HAN:	110917626 110926372 110937576

ECAD:

122591333 122595361

LSV:	111876796 111894622

CCAV:

112522922 112526585

DCR:	108193254 108193644 108205587 108208881

CSIN:

114261310 114268563

RVL:

131334622

AEW:	130752950 130781782 130783886 130792541

BVG:

104886867

SOE:

110790122

CQI:	110713900 110731597

ATRI:

130811376

MOF:

131166463

ZOF:	122040688 122045228

OTA:	OT_ostta15g01140

BPG:	Bathy01g00490

MIS:	MICPUN_108230

GTT:	GUITHDRAFT_97578

» show all

Reference

1 [PMID:9786850]

Authors

Sperling P, Zahringer U, Heinz E

Title

A sphingolipid desaturase from higher plants. Identification of a new cytochrome b5 fusion protein.

Journal

J Biol Chem 273:28590-6 (1998)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.273.44.28590

Sequence

[ath:AT3G61580] [bna:106454539]

Reference

2 [PMID:11171153]

Authors

Sperling P, Blume A, Zahringer U, Heinz E

Title

Further characterization of Delta(8)-sphingolipid desaturases from higher plants.

Journal

Biochem Soc Trans 28:638-41 (2000)

Sequence

[han:110917626]

Reference

3 [PMID:11368168]

Authors

Sperling P, Libisch B, Zahringer U, Napier JA, Heinz E.

Title

Functional identification of a delta8-sphingolipid desaturase from Borago officinalis.

Journal

Arch Biochem Biophys 388:293-8 (2001)
DOI:10.1006/abbi.2001.2308

Reference

4 [PMID:12203571]

Authors

Beckmann C, Rattke J, Oldham NJ, Sperling P, Heinz E, Boland W

Title

Characterization of a Delta8-sphingolipid desaturase from higher plants: a stereochemical and mechanistic study on the origin of E,Z isomers.

Journal

Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 41:2298-300 (2002)
DOI:10.1002/1521-3773(20020703)41:13<2298::AID-ANIE2298>3.0.CO;2-G

Reference

5 [PMID:17600137]

Authors

Ryan PR, Liu Q, Sperling P, Dong B, Franke S, Delhaize E

Title

A higher plant delta8 sphingolipid desaturase with a preference for (Z)-isomer formation confers aluminum tolerance to yeast and plants.

Journal

Plant Physiol 144:1968-77 (2007)
DOI:10.1104/pp.107.100446

Reference

6 [PMID:22023480]

Authors

Chen M, Markham JE, Cahoon EB

Title

Sphingolipid Delta8 unsaturation is important for glucosylceramide biosynthesis and low-temperature performance in Arabidopsis.

Journal

Plant J 69:769-81 (2012)
DOI:10.1111/j.1365-313X.2011.04829.x

Sequence

[ath:AT3G61580 AT2G46210]

Other DBs

ExplorEnz - The Enzyme Database:

1.14.19.29

IUBMB Enzyme Nomenclature:

1.14.19.29

ExPASy - ENZYME nomenclature database:

1.14.19.29

BRENDA, the Enzyme Database:

1.14.19.29

LinkDB

DBGET integrated database retrieval system