KEGG   ENZYME: 1.3.5.5
Entry
EC 1.3.5.5                  Enzyme                                 
Name
15-cis-phytoene desaturase;
phytoene desaturase (ambiguous);
PDS;
plant-type phytoene desaturase
Class
Oxidoreductases;
Acting on the CH-CH group of donors;
With a quinone or related compound as acceptor
Sysname
15-cis-phytoene:plastoquinone oxidoreductase
Reaction(IUBMB)
15-cis-phytoene + 2 plastoquinone = 9,15,9'-tricis-zeta-carotene + 2 plastoquinol (overall reaction) [RN:R09652];
(1a) 15-cis-phytoene + plastoquinone = 15,9'-dicis-phytofluene + plastoquinol [RN:R09653];
(1b) 15,9'-dicis-phytofluene + plastoquinone = 9,15,9'-tricis-zeta-carotene + plastoquinol [RN:R09654]
Reaction(KEGG)
R09652 R09653 R09654;
(other) R04786 R04787
Substrate
15-cis-phytoene [CPD:C05421];
plastoquinone [CPD:C02061];
15,9'-dicis-phytofluene [CPD:C19765]
Product
9,15,9'-tricis-zeta-carotene [CPD:C19764];
plastoquinol [CPD:C16693];
15,9'-dicis-phytofluene [CPD:C19765]
Comment
This enzyme is involved in carotenoid biosynthesis in plants and cyanobacteria. The enzyme from Synechococcus can also use NAD+ and NADP+ as electron acceptor under anaerobic conditions. The enzyme from Gentiana lutea shows no activity with NAD+ or NADP+ [1].
History
EC 1.3.5.5 created 2011
Pathway
ec00906  Carotenoid biosynthesis
ec01100  Metabolic pathways
ec01110  Biosynthesis of secondary metabolites
Orthology
K02293  15-cis-phytoene desaturase
Genes
ATH: AT4G14210(PDS3)
ALY: 9306401
CRB: 17878253
CSAT: 104719032 104723803 104732250
EUS: EUTSA_v10024795mg
BRP: 103835193 103863556(PDS)
BNA: 106361559 106390766 106439724 106445763
BOE: 106336235 106342038
RSZ: 108818861 108837634 108848374
THJ: 104822231
CPAP: 110807915
CIT: 102577966(CitPDS)
PVY: 116106846
MINC: 123220978
TCC: 18602597
GRA: 105777064
GHI: 107902032 107914777
GAB: 108464199
HSYR: 120139731
DZI: 111307810
EGR: 104414241
GMX: 100127420 547970(PDS1)
GSJ: 114382350 114394421
PVU: PHAVU_001G264200g
VRA: 106778315
VAR: 108318944
VUN: 114194529
VUM: 124820616
CCAJ: 109797685
APRC: 113851561
MTR: 11432737
TPRA: 123905480
CAM: 101499699
PSAT: 127083148
VVO: 131661553 131661559
LJA: 130722255
ADU: 107482407
AIP: 107638266
AHF: 112740925 112795647
LANG: 109327051 109344116
PCIN: 129308598
QSA: O6P43_002569
FVE: 101297926
RCN: 112198323
PPER: 18788299
PMUM: 103322563
PAVI: 110747173
PDUL: 117635990
MDM: 103400619
MSYL: 126618887
PXB: 103960366
ZJU: 107422207
MNT: 21393372
CSAV: 115722384
CSV: 101209155
CMO: 103494596
BHJ: 120085447
MCHA: 111025543
CMAX: 111470788 111479159
CMOS: 111439193 111457519
CPEP: 111790786 111800496
RCU: 8280960
MEAN: 126686395
JCU: 105639092
HBR: 110672897
MESC: 110615521
POP: 7462030 7462440
PEU: 105107692
PALZ: 118040701
PNZ: 133682425
JRE: 108996675
CILL: 122315337
CAVE: 132177412
QSU: 111992705
QLO: 115949670
TWL: 119987623 120005757
VVI: 100240685(PDS1)
VRI: 117922015
SLY: 544073(pds)
SPEN: 107014359
SOT: 102577582(PDS)
SSTN: 125857795
SDUL: 129893936
CANN: 107861625
LBB: 132633568
NTA: 107788963 107816873
NSY: 104248773
NTO: 104107035
NAU: 109223965
INI: 109192580
ITR: 115996903
SIND: 105157894 105174760
OEU: 111400390
EGT: 105975735
SSPL: 121794128 121801249
SMIL: 131005756
SHIS: 125208168
APAN: 127262879
HAN: 110913080
ECAD: 122588872
LSV: 111915314
CCAV: 112510531
DCR: 108222758
CSIN: 114306113
RVL: 131309333
AEW: 130762645
BVG: 104899658
SOE: 110787181
CQI: 110688003 110726682
ATRI: 130827296
MOF: 131166562
NNU: 104589429
MING: 122071327
TSS: 122650120
PSOM: 113339774 113340075
OSA: 4331854(PDS)
OBR: 102713335
OGL: 127768142
BDI: 100830664(PDS)
ATS: 109735159
TDC: 119284513 119291676
TAES: 100037655 123084692 123098691
TUA: 125538842
LPER: 127296996
LRD: 124692543 124701610
SBI: 110436156
ZMA: 542329
MFLO: 136468381 136491676
SITA: 101771481
SVS: 117835062
PVIR: 120647077 120689688
PHAI: 112878203
PDA: 103705191
EGU: 105056650
MUS: 103973843(PDS)
ZOF: 122042317 122046833
DCT: 110108194
PEQ: 110028688
AOF: 109848301
MSIN: 131226789
NCOL: 116257475
ATR: 18427456
SMO: SELMODRAFT_232430 SELMODRAFT_269459
PPP: 112274368
CRE: CHLRE_12g509650v5
VCN: VOLCADRAFT_88495
MNG: MNEG_8557
CVR: CHLNCDRAFT_34420
APRO: F751_0480
OLU: OSTLU_38345 OSTLU_47627(AOX5)
OTA: OT_ostta10g02860 OT_ostta16g00590
BPG: Bathy11g01800 Bathy11g03090
MIS: MICPUN_104873(PDS1) MICPUN_96647(PDS2)
MPP: MICPUCDRAFT_12341 MICPUCDRAFT_49039(PSD2)
CME: CYME_CMK151C
CCP: CHC_T00009492001
PTI: PHATRDRAFT_45735(PDS1) PHATRDRAFT_55102(PDS2)
FCY: FRACYDRAFT_260963(PDH2) FRACYDRAFT_274501
TPS: THAPSDRAFT_1383(PDS1) THAPSDRAFT_23291
AAF: AURANDRAFT_10705 AURANDRAFT_70771
EHX: EMIHUDRAFT_430592 EMIHUDRAFT_74977
GTT: GUITHDRAFT_85858
DAL: Dalk_4051
BCO: Bcell_1764
BCOH: BC6307_11215
ASED: IRT44_12190
CTHU: HUR95_10720
BBEV: BBEV_1351
BSE: Bsel_2224
ALKG: MOJ78_11380
DOM: RRU94_00030
PUK: PU629_14850
ESI: Exig_2022
BBE: BBR47_19760
BFM: BP422_05030
BAGR: BA6348_19170
BCHS: JNE38_10480
BCOP: JD108_14595
BPAB: PSE45_09775
BAYD: BSPP4475_13310
BBOR: RFB14_17030
BRUM: NDK47_17400
BREH: HP435_10290
PMS: KNP414_07417
PMQ: PM3016_6970
PBV: AR543_01825
PHK: SK066_22330
ANX: ACH33_03330
ASOC: CB4_00988(pds)
ATHE: K3F53_15590
SACA: FFV09_09570
ACYN: ORV05_16255
SYN: slr1254(pds)
SYZ: MYO_112820(pds)
SYY: SYNGTS_1271(pds)
SYT: SYNGTI_1271(pds)
SYS: SYNPCCN_1270(pds)
SYQ: SYNPCCP_1270(pds)
SYJ: D082_22590(pds)
SYO: C7I86_06580(pds)
SYNH: HTZ78_10745(pds)
SYC: syc2113_c(pds)
SYU: M744_06505
SYF: Synpcc7942_1983
SYD: Syncc9605_2395
SYE: Syncc9902_0298
SYG: sync_2608
SYR: SynRCC307_0238(crtD)
SYX: SynWH7803_2273(crtD)
CYA: CYA_0316(pds)
CYB: CYB_1694(pds)
SYNE: Syn6312_1665
SYNP: Syn7502_02248
SYNK: KR100_14820
SYNR: KR49_07565
SYND: KR52_04115
SYH: Syncc8109_2504(crtD)
SYNW: SynWH8103_02594(pds)
SYNC: CB0101_14680(pds)
SYNY: BM449_04420
DSL: Dacsa_1459
SYW: SYNW2257(crtD)
CGC: Cyagr_2890
CYI: CBM981_3153(pds)
PMA: Pro_0167(pds)
PMM: PMM0144(pds)
PMT: PMT_2004
PMN: PMN2A_1510
PMI: PMT9312_0146
PMB: A9601_01611(pds)
PMC: P9515_01721(pds)
PMF: P9303_26651(pds)
PMG: P9301_01631(pds)
PMH: P9215_01611(pds)
PMJ: P9211_01591(pds)
PME: NATL1_02161(pds)
PRC: EW14_0186
PRM: EW15_0231
WNA: KA717_26965(pds)
CMP: Cha6605_4759
CYN: Cyan7425_4188
CEP: Cri9333_2890
TVN: NIES2134_114780(pds)
SLW: BRW62_02990
AMR: AM1_4826(crtP)
TEL: tll1561(pds)
THN: NK55_04445(crtP)
THEC: FFX45_10010(pds)
THEY: JW907_02675(pds)
TSQ: D3A95_11950(pds)
TSZ: OOK60_08630(pds)
LEN: LEP3755_22460
LET: O77CONTIG1_00579(pds_1)
LBO: LBWT_53250
KOV: K9N68_01195(pds)
LSC: KIK02_13675(pds)
LSK: J5X98_03400(pds)
HHG: XM38_038830
PSEU: Pse7367_2695
PSER: ABRG53_3627(pds)
PGX: OA858_21985(pds)
THEU: HPC62_14805(pds)
TOG: HNI00_17690(pds)
TSIN: OXH18_00845(pds)
CHON: NIES4102_28500
GDU: P0S91_20520(pds)
GEN: GM3709_531
GEE: GM3708_3217
CAN: Cyan10605_0874
CSN: Cyast_1865
CYL: AA637_04015(crtP)
SYP: SYNPCC7002_A1935(crtP)
SYV: AWQ23_09720
SYL: AWQ21_08905
LEP: Lepto7376_2525
SYNN: NIES970_22330(crtP)
PIP: FEK30_14000(pds)
MAR: MAE_12930(pds)
MIQ: B5D77_13835
MVZ: myaer102_47020(pds)
HAO: PCC7418_3680
ENN: FRE64_16100(pds)
CYU: UCYN_01070
CYT: cce_3754
CWA: CwatDRAFT_0947
CYP: PCC8801_0308
CYH: Cyan8802_0308
CYC: PCC7424_1157
CYJ: Cyan7822_1223
TER: Tery_4011
ARP: NIES39_C00940(crtP)
PAGH: NIES204_23570(crtP)
PPSU: NO713_04487(pds)
PRUN: PCC7821_02839(pds)
MVAG: D0A34_24655(pds)
LFS: HFV01_12450(pds)
LIX: H2674_13560(pds)
OXY: HCG48_09995(pds)
OAC: Oscil6304_1226
ONI: Osc7112_5867
MPRO: BJP34_19440
PHOR: JWS08_02695(pds)
PYH: NEA10_09175(pds)
MIC: Mic7113_2705
GEI: GEI7407_1139
ANA: alr1832(pds)
NPU: Npun_R2772
NOS: Nos7107_4144
NOP: Nos7524_4713
NON: NOS3756_19130(pds)
NFL: COO91_04679
NOE: CLI64_05545(pds)
NSH: GXM_04860
NED: HUN01_16250(pds)
NPZ: ACX27_02310
NLK: NIES25_17290
NCW: NIES2107_42120
NCF: ANSO36C_11100(pds)
AVA: Ava_4795
NAZ: Aazo_2875
ANB: ANA_C20304(crtP)
ACY: Anacy_3875
AWA: AA650_04095
ANN: EH233_12195(pds)
CSG: Cylst_3130
RSIN: B6N60_01723
HBQ: QI031_03120(pds)
CALO: Cal7507_3633
CALT: Cal6303_5614
CALH: IJ00_15390
CALN: NIES2098_62970
RIV: Riv7116_4191
MDP: NIES3275_00210
FIS: FIS3754_40470
NSPH: BDGGKGIB_01293(pds_1)
DOU: BMF77_02865(pds_2)
DFS: HGD76_21915(pds)
DHT: NG743_16720(pds)
DCM: NIES806_10720
DOZ: HEP80_11630(pds)
CCUR: IAR63_05380(pds)
CRK: L3I90_06365(pds)
AFLO: HEQ12_15805(pds)
STOQ: K2F26_13975(pds)
SKV: NIES73_47630(pds)
AEE: IM676_02165(pds)
RCS: NIES932_16710(pds)
OCF: WJM97_02265(pds)
TOQ: HCG51_26170(pds)
TTQ: NIES37_22250
ALAX: NIES50_64370
SCYT: SAMD_39500
SCYS: NIES4073_56680
BSEN: DP114_24215(pds)
BOX: DP113_24110(pds)
NCN: BZZ01_24125
CTHE: Chro_0494
PLP: Ple7327_0167
SCS: Sta7437_3291
STAN: STA3757_36360
GLT: GlitD10_1307(crtP)
GCY: LQF76_12090(pds)
CEO: ETSB_0715
CER: RGRSB_0674
CEEC: P3F56_03465(pds)
CAU: Caur_2352
CHL: Chy400_2535
CAG: Cagg_3041
VAB: WPS_26320
OTE: Oter_4135
CTM: Cabther_A0039 Cabther_A0268 Cabther_A2116
CVL: J8C06_00190 J8C06_08910 J8C06_10845
CHLO: J8C02_00185 J8C02_01310 J8C02_10400
CTE: CT0807
CPC: Cpar_0836
CLZ: BIU88_07080
CCH: Cag_1188
CPH: Cpha266_1173
CPB: Cphamn1_1181
CLI: Clim_0877
PVI: Cvib_1032
PLT: Plut_1283
PPH: Ppha_1176
PAA: Paes_0884
PROC: Ptc2401_00978(pds_2)
PROS: CHL67_06780
PROW: OO006_05355
PROI: OO005_04905
CTS: Ctha_1159
NALL: PP769_18235
NNEO: PQG83_09340
NIW: Nisw_08580
NCT: NMSP_0950
 » show all
Reference
1  [PMID:11714315]
  Authors
Breitenbach J, Zhu C, Sandmann G
  Title
Bleaching herbicide norflurazon inhibits phytoene desaturase by competition with  the cofactors.
  Journal
J Agric Food Chem 49:5270-2 (2001)
DOI:10.1021/jf0106751
Reference
2  [PMID:9226712]
  Authors
Schneider C, Boger P, Sandmann G
  Title
Phytoene desaturase: heterologous expression in an active state, purification, and biochemical properties.
  Journal
Protein Expr Purif 10:175-9 (1997)
DOI:10.1006/prep.1997.0730
  Sequence
[syf:Synpcc7942_1983]
Reference
3  [PMID:8489496]
  Authors
Fraser PD, Linden H, Sandmann G
  Title
Purification and reactivation of recombinant Synechococcus phytoene desaturase from an overexpressing strain of Escherichia coli.
  Journal
Biochem J 291 ( Pt 3):687-92 (1993)
DOI:10.1042/bj2910687
Reference
4  [PMID:15503129]
  Authors
Breitenbach J, Sandmann G
  Title
zeta-Carotene cis isomers as products and substrates in the plant poly-cis carotenoid biosynthetic pathway to lycopene.
  Journal
Planta 220:785-93 (2005)
DOI:10.1007/s00425-004-1395-2
  Sequence
[cann:107861625]
Other DBs
ExplorEnz - The Enzyme Database: 1.3.5.5
IUBMB Enzyme Nomenclature: 1.3.5.5
ExPASy - ENZYME nomenclature database: 1.3.5.5
BRENDA, the Enzyme Database: 1.3.5.5
LinkDB

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