Entry Name Autophagy - animal - Gracilinanus agilis (agile gracile opossum)
Description Autophagy (or macroautophagy) is a cellular catabolic pathway involving in protein degradation, organelle turnover, and non-selective breakdown of cytoplasmic components, which is evolutionarily conserved among eukaryotes and exquisitely regulated. This progress initiates with production of the autophagosome, a double-membrane intracellular structure of reticular origin that engulfs cytoplasmic contents and ultimately fuses with lysosomes for cargo degradation. Autophagy is regulated in response to extra- or intracellular stress and signals such as starvation, growth factor deprivation and ER stress. Constitutive level of autophagy plays an important role in cellular homeostasis and maintains quality control of essential cellular components.
Class Cellular Processes; Transport and catabolismBRITE hierarchy
Pathway map Other DBs Organism Gracilinanus agilis (agile gracile opossum) [GN:
gas ]
Gene 123230988 MLST8; target of rapamycin complex subunit LST8 isoform X1 [KO:K08266 ]
123232343 VPS33A; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 33A isoform X1 [KO:K20182 ]
123233926 WIPI2; WD repeat domain phosphoinositide-interacting protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K17908 ]
123234407 BNIP3; BCL2/adenovirus E1B 19 kDa protein-interacting protein 3 [KO:K15464 ]
123234573 GABARAPL2; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor-associated protein-like 2 [KO:K08341 ]
123235462 MAP1LC3A; microtubule-associated proteins 1A/1B light chain 3A [KO:K10435 ]
123235960 VPS18; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 18 homolog [KO:K20181 ]
123236776 MAP1LC3B; microtubule-associated proteins 1A/1B light chain 3B [KO:K10435 ]
123236876 PIK3R1; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit alpha isoform X1 [KO:K02649 ]
123237449 TP53INP2; tumor protein p53-inducible nuclear protein 2 [KO:K21247 ]
123237637 PPP2CA; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A catalytic subunit alpha isoform [KO:K04382 ] [EC:3.1.3.16 ]
123237723 EIF2S1; eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit 1 [KO:K03237 ]
123237775 ATG14; beclin 1-associated autophagy-related key regulator [KO:K17889 ]
123237789 ZFYVE1; zinc finger FYVE domain-containing protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K17603 ]
123238888 WDR45; WD repeat domain phosphoinositide-interacting protein 4 [KO:K22991 ]
123239106 VPS11; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 11 homolog isoform X1 [KO:K20179 ]
123239288 TANK; TRAF family member-associated NF-kappa-B activator isoform X1 [KO:K12650 ]
123240288 PIK3CD; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit delta isoform [KO:K00922 ] [EC:2.7.1.153 ]
123240513 UVRAG; UV radiation resistance-associated gene protein [KO:K21249 ]
123241235 DEPTOR; DEP domain-containing mTOR-interacting protein isoform X1 [KO:K20402 ]
123242322 PIK3CB; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit beta isoform isoform X1 [KO:K00922 ] [EC:2.7.1.153 ]
123242341 RUBCN; run domain Beclin-1-interacting and cysteine-rich domain-containing protein isoform X1 [KO:K19330 ]
123242801 ATG4B; cysteine protease ATG4B isoform X1 [KO:K08342 ] [EC:3.4.22.-]
123242831 PIK3CA; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha isoform [KO:K00922 ] [EC:2.7.1.153 ]
123243660 WDR45B; WD repeat domain phosphoinositide-interacting protein 3 isoform X1 [KO:K22991 ]
123244032 PLEKHM1; pleckstrin homology domain-containing family M member 1 [KO:K23282 ]
123244044 CALCOCO2; calcium-binding and coiled-coil domain-containing protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K21348 ]
123246539 VPS41; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 41 homolog [KO:K20184 ]
123247337 RPTOR; regulatory-associated protein of mTOR isoform X1 [KO:K07204 ]
123247359 WIPI1; WD repeat domain phosphoinositide-interacting protein 1 [KO:K17908 ]
123248025 MAP1LC3C; microtubule-associated proteins 1A/1B light chain 3C [KO:K10435 ]
123248924 GABARAPL1; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor-associated protein-like 1 [KO:K08341 ]
123251350 VPS16; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 16 homolog [KO:K20180 ]
123252025 AMBRA1; activating molecule in BECN1-regulated autophagy protein 1 [KO:K17985 ]
123252216 WDFY3; WD repeat and FYVE domain-containing protein 3 [KO:K22262 ]
Compound C00350 Phosphatidylethanolamine
C01194 1-Phosphatidyl-D-myo-inositol
C04549 1-Phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 3-phosphate
C05981 Phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate
Reference Authors Meijer AJ, Codogno P.
Title Regulation and role of autophagy in mammalian cells.
Journal Reference Authors Deretic V.
Title Autophagy in innate and adaptive immunity.
Journal Reference Authors Levine B, Yuan J.
Title Autophagy in cell death: an innocent convict?
Journal Reference Authors Tanida I, Ueno T, Kominami E.
Title LC3 conjugation system in mammalian autophagy.
Journal Reference Authors Lum JJ, DeBerardinis RJ, Thompson CB.
Title Autophagy in metazoans: cell survival in the land of plenty.
Journal Reference Authors Reggiori F, Klionsky DJ.
Title Autophagosomes: biogenesis from scratch?
Journal Reference Authors Klionsky DJ, Emr SD.
Title Autophagy as a regulated pathway of cellular degradation.
Journal Reference Authors Bechet D, Tassa A, Taillandier D, Combaret L, Attaix D.
Title Lysosomal proteolysis in skeletal muscle.
Journal Reference Authors He C, Klionsky DJ
Title Regulation mechanisms and signaling pathways of autophagy.
Journal Reference Authors Yang Z, Klionsky DJ
Title An overview of the molecular mechanism of autophagy.
Journal Reference Authors Yang Z, Klionsky DJ
Title Mammalian autophagy: core molecular machinery and signaling regulation.
Journal Reference Authors Chen Y, Klionsky DJ
Title The regulation of autophagy - unanswered questions.
Journal Reference Authors Mizushima N, Yoshimori T, Ohsumi Y
Title The role of Atg proteins in autophagosome formation.
Journal Reference Authors Russell RC, Yuan HX, Guan KL
Title Autophagy regulation by nutrient signaling.
Journal Reference Authors Noda NN, Fujioka Y
Title Atg1 family kinases in autophagy initiation.
Journal Related gas04141 Protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum
KO pathway
