KEGG   PATHWAY: hde03430
Entry
hde03430                    Pathway                                
Name
Mismatch repair - Candidatus Hamiltonella defensa (Acyrthosiphon pisum)
Description
DNA mismatch repair (MMR) is a highly conserved biological pathway that plays a key role in maintaining genomic stability. MMR corrects DNA mismatches generated during DNA replication, thereby preventing mutations from becoming permanent in dividing cells. MMR also suppresses homologous recombination and was recently shown to play a role in DNA damage signaling. Defects in MMR are associated with genome-wide instability, predisposition to certain types of cancer including HNPCC, resistance to certain chemotherapeutic agents, and abnormalities in meiosis and sterility in mammalian systems.
The Escherichia coli MMR pathway has been extensively studied and is well characterized. In E. coli, the mismatch-activated MutS-MutL-ATP complex licenses MutH to incise the nearest unmethylated GATC sequence. UvrD and an exonuclease generate a gap. This gap is filled by pol III and DNA ligase. The GATC sites are then methylated by Dam. Several human MMR proteins have been identified based on their homology to E. coli MMR proteins. These include human homologs of MutS and MutL. Although E. coli MutS and MutL proteins are homodimers, human MutS and MutL homologs are heterodimers. The role of hemimethylated dGATC sites as a signal for strand discrimination is not conserved from E. coli to human. Human MMR is presumed to be nick-directed in vivo, and is thought to discriminate daughter and template strands using a strand-specific nick.
Class
Genetic Information Processing; Replication and repair
Pathway map
hde03430  Mismatch repair
hde03430

Other DBs
GO: 0006298
Organism
Candidatus Hamiltonella defensa (Acyrthosiphon pisum) [GN:hde]
Gene
HDEF_1628  mutS; methyl-directed mismatch repair protein [KO:K03555]
HDEF_0492  mutL_1; enzyme in methyl-directed mismatch repair [KO:K03572]
HDEF_1386  mutL_2; enzyme in methyl-directed mismatch repair [KO:K03572]
HDEF_p0005  mutL; enzyme in methyl-directed mismatch repair [KO:K03572]
HDEF_1904  mutH_1; putative methyl-directed mismatch repair protein with restriction endonuclease-like domain [KO:K03573]
HDEF_0700  uvrD; DNA-dependent ATPase I and helicase II [KO:K03657] [EC:5.6.2.4]
HDEF_1920  sbcB; exonuclease I, 3' --> 5'-specific; deoxyribophosphodiesterase [KO:K01141] [EC:3.1.11.1]
HDEF_1282  xseA; exonuclease VII, large subunit [KO:K03601] [EC:3.1.11.6]
HDEF_1606  xseB; exonuclease VII small subunit [KO:K03602] [EC:3.1.11.6]
HDEF_0155  recJ; ssDNA exonuclease, 5' --> 3'-specific, Mg-dependent [KO:K07462] [EC:3.1.-.-]
HDEF_0575  putative single-strand DNA-binding protein [KO:K03111]
HDEF_0919  putative single-strand DNA-binding protein [KO:K03111]
HDEF_1536  ssb; single-stranded DNA-binding protein [KO:K03111]
HDEF_0209  dnaE; DNA polymerase III, alpha subunit [KO:K02337] [EC:2.7.7.7]
HDEF_1740  dnaN; DNA polymerase III, beta-subunit [KO:K02338] [EC:2.7.7.7]
HDEF_2087  dnaX; DNA polymerase III, tau and gamma subunits; DNA elongation factor III [KO:K02343] [EC:2.7.7.7]
HDEF_2040  holA; DNA polymerase III, delta subunit, probably ATP hydrolase [KO:K02340] [EC:2.7.7.7]
HDEF_0452  holB; DNA polymerase III, delta prime subunit [KO:K02341] [EC:2.7.7.7]
HDEF_0683  dnaQ_1; DNA polymerase III: epsilon subunit, 3-5 exonucleolytic proofreading function [KO:K02342] [EC:2.7.7.7]
HDEF_0220  holC; DNA polymerase III, chi subunit [KO:K02339] [EC:2.7.7.7]
HDEF_0500  holD; DNA polymerase III, psi subunit [KO:K02344] [EC:2.7.7.7]
HDEF_0769  ligA; DNA ligase [KO:K01972] [EC:6.5.1.2]
HDEF_1639  dam; DNA adenine methylase [KO:K06223] [EC:2.1.1.72]
Reference
  Authors
Jiricny J.
  Title
The multifaceted mismatch-repair system.
  Journal
Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 7:335-46 (2006)
DOI:10.1038/nrm1907
Reference
  Authors
Li GM.
  Title
Mechanisms and functions of DNA mismatch repair.
  Journal
Cell Res 18:85-98 (2008)
DOI:10.1038/cr.2007.115
Reference
  Authors
Marti TM, Kunz C, Fleck O.
  Title
DNA mismatch repair and mutation avoidance pathways.
  Journal
J Cell Physiol 191:28-41 (2002)
DOI:10.1002/jcp.10077
Reference
  Authors
Ikejima M, Shimada T.
  Title
[Molecular mechanism of mismatch repair]
  Journal
Tanpakushitsu Kakusan Koso 46:1124-9 (2001)
KO pathway
ko03430   
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