Entry
Name
PI3K-Akt signaling pathway - Ursus americanus (American black bear)
Description
The phosphatidylinositol 3' -kinase(PI3K)-Akt signaling pathway is activated by many types of cellular stimuli or toxic insults and regulates fundamental cellular functions such as transcription, translation, proliferation, growth, and survival. The binding of growth factors to their receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) or G protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) stimulates class Ia and Ib PI3K isoforms, respectively. PI3K catalyzes the production of phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-triphosphate (PIP3) at the cell membrane. PIP3 in turn serves as a second messenger that helps to activate Akt. Once active, Akt can control key cellular processes by phosphorylating substrates involved in apoptosis, protein synthesis, metabolism, and cell cycle.
Class
Environmental Information Processing; Signal transduction
BRITE hierarchy
Pathway map
Other DBs
Organism
Ursus americanus (American black bear) [GN:
uar ]
Gene
123775866 PPP2R2C; protein phosphatase 2, regulatory subunit B, gamma [KO:K04354 ]
123776347 FLT3LG; fms-related tyrosine kinase 3 ligand isoform X1 [KO:K05454 ]
123777259 GNB2; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-2 [KO:K04537 ]
123777464 PPP2R2A; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A 55 kDa regulatory subunit B alpha isoform isoform X1 [KO:K04354 ]
123777697 GNG14; putative guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-14 [KO:K04347 ]
123777771 MAGI1; membrane-associated guanylate kinase, WW and PDZ domain-containing protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K05631 ]
123778065 IL4R; interleukin-4 receptor subunit alpha isoform X1 [KO:K05071 ]
123778178 PPP2R5C; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A 56 kDa regulatory subunit gamma isoform isoform X1 [KO:K11584 ]
123778304 PPP2R5B; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A 56 kDa regulatory subunit beta isoform isoform X1 [KO:K11584 ]
123778359 FGF4; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: fibroblast growth factor 4 [KO:K04358 ]
123778493 VEGFB; vascular endothelial growth factor B isoform X1 [KO:K16858 ]
123778756 GNG8; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-8 [KO:K04544 ]
123779078 PIK3CD; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit delta isoform isoform X1 [KO:K00922 ] [EC:2.7.1.153 ]
123779139 COL6A1; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: collagen alpha-1(VI) chain [KO:K06238 ]
123779926 PIK3R2; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit beta [KO:K02649 ]
123780411 EIF4EBP1; eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E-binding protein 1 [KO:K07205 ]
123780649 ATF4; cyclic AMP-dependent transcription factor ATF-4 [KO:K04374 ]
123780665 PDGFB; platelet-derived growth factor subunit B isoform X1 [KO:K17386 ]
123780861 IL2RB; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: interleukin-2 receptor subunit beta [KO:K05069 ]
123781164 CREB3; cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 3 [KO:K09048 ]
123781583 GNB3; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-3 [KO:K07825 ]
123782335 CSF3R; granulocyte colony-stimulating factor receptor isoform X1 [KO:K05061 ]
123783123 GNG4; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-4 [KO:K04541 ]
123783236 IL6R; interleukin-6 receptor subunit alpha isoform X1 [KO:K05055 ]
123783374 CREB3L4; cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 3-like protein 4 [KO:K09048 ]
123783591 CRTC2; CREB-regulated transcription coactivator 2 isoform X1 [KO:K16333 ]
123783660 GNG13; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-13 [KO:K04547 ]
123783761 MLST8; target of rapamycin complex subunit LST8 isoform X1 [KO:K08266 ]
123784800 COL4A6; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: collagen alpha-6(IV) chain [KO:K06237 ]
123785499 OSMR; oncostatin-M-specific receptor subunit beta isoform X1 [KO:K05057 ]
123785833 PPP2R5A; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A 56 kDa regulatory subunit alpha isoform [KO:K11584 ]
123786407 PIK3CA; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha isoform [KO:K00922 ] [EC:2.7.1.153 ]
123786411 GNB4; guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit beta-4 [KO:K04538 ]
123787744 MCL1; induced myeloid leukemia cell differentiation protein Mcl-1 [KO:K02539 ]
123788401 PPP2R3A; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A regulatory subunit B'' subunit alpha isoform X1 [KO:K11583 ]
123788422 PIK3CB; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit beta isoform isoform X1 [KO:K00922 ] [EC:2.7.1.153 ]
123788905 CREB3L2; cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 3-like protein 2 [KO:K09048 ]
123788912 NFKB1; nuclear factor NF-kappa-B p105 subunit isoform X1 [KO:K02580 ]
123789128 CREB5; cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 5 isoform X1 [KO:K09047 ]
123789281 GNG11; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-11 [KO:K04546 ]
123789282 GNGT1; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(T) subunit gamma-T1 [KO:K04548 ]
123789355 MAGI2; membrane-associated guanylate kinase, WW and PDZ domain-containing protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K05629 ]
123789397 PIK3CG; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit gamma isoform [KO:K21289 ] [EC:2.7.1.153 ]
123789819 GNG3; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-3 [KO:K04540 ]
123790062 EIF4E2; eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E type 2 isoform X1 [KO:K03259 ]
123790190 PPP2R2B; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A 55 kDa regulatory subunit B beta isoform isoform X1 [KO:K04354 ]
123790348 PPP2CA; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A catalytic subunit alpha isoform [KO:K04382 ] [EC:3.1.3.16 ]
123790975 ATF6B; cyclic AMP-dependent transcription factor ATF-6 beta isoform X1 [KO:K09049 ]
123792093 PIK3R5; phosphoinositide 3-kinase regulatory subunit 5 isoform X1 [KO:K21290 ]
123792094 PIK3R6; phosphoinositide 3-kinase regulatory subunit 6 isoform X1 [KO:K21290 ]
123792556 PPP2R1B; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A 65 kDa regulatory subunit A beta isoform isoform X1 [KO:K03456 ]
123793143 FGF2; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: fibroblast growth factor 2 [KO:K18497 ]
123793362 EGF; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: pro-epidermal growth factor [KO:K04357 ]
123793748 PIK3R3; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit gamma isoform X1 [KO:K02649 ]
123793944 PPP2R3C; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A regulatory subunit B'' subunit gamma isoform X1 [KO:K11583 ]
123793984 GNG7; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-7 [KO:K04543 ]
123794100 ATF2; cyclic AMP-dependent transcription factor ATF-2 isoform X1 [KO:K04450 ]
123794615 PPP2R5D; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A 56 kDa regulatory subunit delta isoform [KO:K11584 ]
123794714 EIF4B; eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4B isoform X1 [KO:K03258 ]
123795095 CSF1; macrophage colony-stimulating factor 1 isoform X1 [KO:K05453 ]
123795269 GNG5; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-5 [KO:K04542 ]
123795327 GNG12; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-12 [KO:K04347 ]
123795860 CHUK; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa-B kinase subunit alpha [KO:K04467 ] [EC:2.7.11.10 ]
123796116 GNB1; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-1 [KO:K04536 ]
123796391 EIF4E1B; eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E type 1B [KO:K03259 ]
123796787 CREB3L3; cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 3-like protein 3 isoform X1 [KO:K09048 ]
123797262 VEGFD; vascular endothelial growth factor D isoform X1 [KO:K05449 ]
123798247 CREB1; cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K05870 ]
123799579 CREB3L1; cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 3-like protein 1 [KO:K09048 ]
123800039 PPP2R2D; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A 55 kDa regulatory subunit B delta isoform isoform X1 [KO:K04354 ]
123800228 PIK3R1; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit alpha isoform X1 [KO:K02649 ]
123800549 PHLPP2; PH domain leucine-rich repeat-containing protein phosphatase 2 isoform X1 [KO:K16340 ] [EC:3.1.3.16 ]
123800611 GNG2; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-2 [KO:K07826 ]
123800701 PPP2R5E; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A 56 kDa regulatory subunit epsilon isoform isoform X1 [KO:K11584 ]
123801797 GNB5; guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit beta-5 isoform X1 [KO:K04539 ]
123802515 PDGFA; platelet-derived growth factor subunit A isoform X1 [KO:K04359 ]
123802731 PPP2R3B; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A regulatory subunit B'' subunit beta isoform X1 [KO:K11583 ]
123802847 GNGT2; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-T2 [KO:K04549 ]
123802878 NGFR; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 16 [KO:K02583 ]
123802954 RPTOR; regulatory-associated protein of mTOR isoform X1 [KO:K07204 ]
123803052 FASLG; tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 6 [KO:K04389 ]
123803378 LPAR1; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: lysophosphatidic acid receptor 1 [KO:K04289 ]
123803383 GNG10; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-10 [KO:K04545 ]
Compound
C04637 1-Phosphatidyl-D-myo-inositol 4,5-bisphosphate
C05981 Phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate
Reference
Authors
Engelman JA, Luo J, Cantley LC
Title
The evolution of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinases as regulators of growth and metabolism.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Song G, Ouyang G, Bao S
Title
The activation of Akt/PKB signaling pathway and cell survival.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Hers I, Vincent EE, Tavare JM
Title
Akt signalling in health and disease.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Duronio V
Title
The life of a cell: apoptosis regulation by the PI3K/PKB pathway.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Kim D, Chung J.
Title
Akt: versatile mediator of cell survival and beyond.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Koyasu S
Title
The role of PI3K in immune cells.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Okkenhaug K, Vanhaesebroeck B.
Title
PI3K in lymphocyte development, differentiation and activation.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Richardson CJ, Schalm SS, Blenis J
Title
PI3-kinase and TOR: PIKTORing cell growth.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Zhang X, Tang N, Hadden TJ, Rishi AK
Title
Akt, FoxO and regulation of apoptosis.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Georgescu MM
Title
PTEN Tumor Suppressor Network in PI3K-Akt Pathway Control.
Journal
Reference
Authors
West KA, Castillo SS, Dennis PA
Title
Activation of the PI3K/Akt pathway and chemotherapeutic resistance.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Wymann MP, Pirola L
Title
Structure and function of phosphoinositide 3-kinases.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Moelling K, Schad K, Bosse M, Zimmermann S, Schweneker M
Title
Regulation of Raf-Akt Cross-talk.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Kikani CK, Dong LQ, Liu F
Title
"New"-clear functions of PDK1: beyond a master kinase in the cytosol?
Journal
Reference
Authors
Blume-Jensen P, Hunter T
Title
Oncogenic kinase signalling.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Osaki M, Oshimura M, Ito H
Title
PI3K-Akt pathway: its functions and alterations in human cancer.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Noguchi M, Ropars V, Roumestand C, Suizu F
Title
Proto-oncogene TCL1: more than just a coactivator for Akt.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Lemmon MA, Schlessinger J
Title
Cell signaling by receptor tyrosine kinases.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Skaper SD
Title
The neurotrophin family of neurotrophic factors: an overview.
Journal
Related pathway
uar04620 Toll-like receptor signaling pathway
uar04662 B cell receptor signaling pathway
KO pathway