KEGG Modules

Carbohydrate metabolism
Central carbohydrate metabolism
M00001 Glycolysis (Embden-Meyerhof pathway), glucose => pyruvate [PATH:apet00010 apet01200 apet01100]
M00002 Glycolysis, core module involving three-carbon compounds [PATH:apet00010 apet01200 apet01230 apet01100]
M00003 Gluconeogenesis, oxaloacetate => fructose-6P [PATH:apet00010 apet00020 apet01100]
M00307 Pyruvate oxidation, pyruvate => acetyl-CoA [PATH:apet00010 apet00020 apet00620 apet00785 apet01200 apet01210 apet01100]
M00009 Citrate cycle (TCA cycle, Krebs cycle) [PATH:apet00020 apet01200 apet01100]
M00010 Citrate cycle, first carbon oxidation, oxaloacetate => 2-oxoglutarate [PATH:apet00020 apet01200 apet01210 apet01230 apet01100]
M00011 Citrate cycle, second carbon oxidation, 2-oxoglutarate => oxaloacetate [PATH:apet00020 apet01200 apet01210 apet01100]
M00007 Pentose phosphate pathway, non-oxidative phase, fructose 6P => ribose 5P [PATH:apet00030 apet01200 apet01230 apet01100 apet01120]
M00005 PRPP biosynthesis, ribose 5P => PRPP [PATH:apet00030 apet00230 apet01200 apet01230 apet01100]
M00008 Entner-Doudoroff pathway, glucose-6P => glyceraldehyde-3P + pyruvate [PATH:apet00030 apet01200 apet01100 apet01120]

Other carbohydrate metabolism
M00549 Nucleotide sugar biosynthesis, glucose => UDP-glucose [PATH:apet00520 apet01250 apet01100]
M00909 UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine biosynthesis, prokaryotes, glucose => UDP-GlcNAc [PATH:apet00520 apet01250 apet01100]
M00793 dTDP-L-rhamnose biosynthesis, glucose-1P => dTDP-L-Rha [PATH:apet00521 apet00523 apet00541 apet01250 apet01100 apet01110]
M00012 Glyoxylate cycle [PATH:apet00630 apet01200 apet01100 apet01110]

Energy metabolism
Carbon fixation
M00165 Reductive pentose phosphate cycle (Calvin cycle) [PATH:apet00710 apet01200 apet01100 apet01120]
M00168 CAM (Crassulacean acid metabolism), dark [PATH:apet00620 apet00710 apet01200 apet01100 apet01120]
M00579 Phosphate acetyltransferase-acetate kinase pathway, acetyl-CoA => acetate [PATH:apet00430 apet00620 apet00720 apet01200 apet01100 apet01120]

Methane metabolism
Nitrogen metabolism
M00531 Assimilatory nitrate reduction, nitrate => ammonia [PATH:apet00910 apet01310 apet01100 apet01120]
M00529 Denitrification, nitrate => nitrogen [PATH:apet00910 apet01310 apet01100 apet01120]

Sulfur metabolism
M00985 Sulfide oxidation, sulfide => sulfur [PATH:apet00920]

Photosynthesis
ATP synthesis
M00144 NADH:quinone oxidoreductase, prokaryotes [PATH:apet00190 apet01100]
M00149 Succinate dehydrogenase, prokaryotes [PATH:apet00190 apet01100]
M00150 Fumarate reductase, prokaryotes [PATH:apet00190 apet01100]
M00151 Cytochrome bc1 complex respiratory unit [PATH:apet00190 apet01100]
M00155 Cytochrome c oxidase, prokaryotes [PATH:apet00190 apet01100]
M00153 Cytochrome bd ubiquinol oxidase [PATH:apet00190]
M00156 Cytochrome c oxidase, cbb3-type [PATH:apet00190 apet01100]
M00157 F-type ATPase, prokaryotes and chloroplasts [PATH:apet00190 apet01100]

Lipid metabolism
Fatty acid metabolism
M00082 Fatty acid biosynthesis, initiation [PATH:apet00061 apet01212 apet01100]
M00083 Fatty acid biosynthesis, elongation [PATH:apet00061 apet01212 apet01100]
M00086 beta-Oxidation, acyl-CoA synthesis [PATH:apet00061 apet00071 apet01212 apet01100]
M00087 beta-Oxidation [PATH:apet00071 apet01212 apet01100]

Sterol biosynthesis
Lipid metabolism
M00091 Phosphatidylcholine (PC) biosynthesis, PE => PC [PATH:apet00564 apet01100]
M00093 Phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) biosynthesis, PA => PS => PE [PATH:apet00564 apet01100]

Nucleotide metabolism
Purine metabolism
M00048 De novo purine biosynthesis, PRPP + glutamine => IMP [PATH:apet00230 apet01100]
M00049 Adenine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, IMP => ADP,ATP [PATH:apet00230 apet01232 apet01240 apet01100]
M00050 Guanine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, IMP => GDP,GTP [PATH:apet00230 apet01232 apet01100]
M00958 Adenine ribonucleotide degradation, AMP => Urate [PATH:apet00230 apet01232 apet01100]
M00959 Guanine ribonucleotide degradation, GMP => Urate [PATH:apet00230 apet01232 apet01100]

Pyrimidine metabolism
M00052 Pyrimidine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, UMP => UDP/UTP,CDP/CTP [PATH:apet00240 apet01232 apet01240 apet01100]

Amino acid metabolism
Serine and threonine metabolism
M00020 Serine biosynthesis, glycerate-3P => serine [PATH:apet00260 apet00680 apet01200 apet01230 apet01100]
M00018 Threonine biosynthesis, aspartate => homoserine => threonine [PATH:apet00260 apet01230 apet01100 apet01110]
M00621 Glycine cleavage system [PATH:apet00260 apet00630 apet00670 apet00785 apet01200 apet01100]
M00555 Betaine biosynthesis, choline => betaine [PATH:apet00260 apet00670 apet01100]
M00975 Betaine degradation, bacteria, betaine => pyruvate [PATH:apet00260 apet01100]

Cysteine and methionine metabolism
M00021 Cysteine biosynthesis, serine => cysteine [PATH:apet00270 apet00920 apet01200 apet01230 apet01100 apet01110]
M00017 Methionine biosynthesis, aspartate => homoserine => methionine [PATH:apet00270 apet01230 apet01100]

Branched-chain amino acid metabolism
M00019 Valine/isoleucine biosynthesis, pyruvate => valine / 2-oxobutanoate => isoleucine [PATH:apet00290 apet00770 apet01210 apet01230 apet01100 apet01110]
M00570 Isoleucine biosynthesis, threonine => 2-oxobutanoate => isoleucine [PATH:apet00290 apet01230 apet01100]
M00432 Leucine biosynthesis, 2-oxoisovalerate => 2-oxoisocaproate [PATH:apet00290 apet01210 apet01230 apet01100 apet01110]
M00036 Leucine degradation, leucine => acetoacetate + acetyl-CoA [PATH:apet00280 apet01100]

Lysine metabolism
M00016 Lysine biosynthesis, succinyl-DAP pathway, aspartate => lysine [PATH:apet00300 apet01230 apet01100]

Arginine and proline metabolism
M00028 Ornithine biosynthesis, glutamate => ornithine [PATH:apet00220 apet01210 apet01230 apet01100]
M00844 Arginine biosynthesis, ornithine => arginine [PATH:apet00220 apet01230 apet01100]
M00015 Proline biosynthesis, glutamate => proline [PATH:apet00330 apet01230 apet01100]
M00970 Proline degradation, proline => glutamate [PATH:apet00330 apet01100]

Polyamine biosynthesis
Histidine metabolism
M00045 Histidine degradation, histidine => N-formiminoglutamate => glutamate [PATH:apet00340 apet01100]

Aromatic amino acid metabolism
M00022 Shikimate pathway, phosphoenolpyruvate + erythrose-4P => chorismate [PATH:apet00400 apet01230 apet01100 apet01110]
M00023 Tryptophan biosynthesis, chorismate => tryptophan [PATH:apet00400 apet01230 apet01100 apet01110]
M00024 Phenylalanine biosynthesis, chorismate => phenylpyruvate => phenylalanine [PATH:apet00400 apet01230 apet01100 apet01110]
M00025 Tyrosine biosynthesis, chorismate => HPP => tyrosine [PATH:apet00400 apet01230 apet01100]

Other amino acid metabolism
M00118 Glutathione biosynthesis, glutamate => glutathione [PATH:apet00480 apet01240 apet01100]

Glycan metabolism
Glycan biosynthesis
Glycosaminoglycan metabolism
Lipopolysaccharide metabolism
M00064 ADP-L-glycero-D-manno-heptose biosynthesis, sedoheptulose-7P => ADP-LDmanHep [PATH:apet00540 apet01250 apet01100]

Other polysaccharide metabolism
Metabolism of cofactors and vitamins
Cofactor and vitamin metabolism
M00125 Riboflavin biosynthesis, plants and bacteria, GTP => riboflavin/FMN/FAD [PATH:apet00740 apet01240 apet01100 apet01110]
M00115 NAD biosynthesis, aspartate => quinolinate => NAD [PATH:apet00760 apet01240 apet01100]
M00119 Pantothenate biosynthesis, valine/L-aspartate => pantothenate [PATH:apet00770 apet01240 apet01100 apet01110]
M00120 Coenzyme A biosynthesis, pantothenate => CoA [PATH:apet00770 apet01240 apet01100]
M00572 Pimeloyl-ACP biosynthesis, BioC-BioH pathway, malonyl-ACP => pimeloyl-ACP [PATH:apet00780 apet01240 apet01100]
M00123 Biotin biosynthesis, pimeloyl-ACP/CoA => biotin [PATH:apet00780 apet01240 apet01100]
M00881 Lipoic acid biosynthesis, plants and bacteria, octanoyl-ACP => dihydrolipoyl-E2/H [PATH:apet00785 apet01240 apet01100]
M00126 Tetrahydrofolate biosynthesis, GTP => THF [PATH:apet00790 apet00670 apet01240 apet01100]
M00880 Molybdenum cofactor biosynthesis, GTP => molybdenum cofactor [PATH:apet00790 apet01240 apet01100]
M00988 PreQ1 biosynthesis, GTP => 7-Aminomethyl-7-deazaguanine [PATH:apet00790]
M00121 Heme biosynthesis, plants and bacteria, glutamate => heme [PATH:apet00860 apet01240 apet01100 apet01110]
M00122 Cobalamin biosynthesis, cobyrinate a,c-diamide => cobalamin [PATH:apet00860 apet01240 apet01100]
M00117 Ubiquinone biosynthesis, prokaryotes, chorismate (+ polyprenyl-PP) => ubiquinol [PATH:apet00130 apet01240 apet01100 apet01110]

Biosynthesis of terpenoids and polyketides
Terpenoid backbone biosynthesis
Plant terpenoid biosynthesis
Macrolide biosynthesis
Enediyne biosynthesis
Type II polyketide biosynthesis
Polyketide sugar unit biosynthesis
Biosynthesis of other secondary metabolites
Biosynthesis of phytochemical compounds
Biosynthesis of beta-lactams
Biosynthesis of other antibiotics
Biosynthesis of other fungal compounds
Biosynthesis of other bacterial compounds
Xenobiotics biodegradation
Aromatics degradation
M00418 Toluene degradation, anaerobic, toluene => benzoyl-CoA [PATH:apet00623 apet01220 apet01100 apet01120]
M00541 Benzoyl-CoA degradation, benzoyl-CoA => 3-hydroxypimeloyl-CoA [PATH:apet00362 apet01220 apet01100 apet01120]

Gene set
Pathogenicity
Drug resistance
M00698 Multidrug resistance, efflux pump BpeEF-OprC

Plant pathogenicity
Symbiosis
Module set
Metabolic capacity
M00615 Nitrate assimilation