KEGG Modules

Carbohydrate metabolism
Central carbohydrate metabolism
M00002 Glycolysis, core module involving three-carbon compounds [PATH:bgd00010 bgd01200 bgd01230 bgd01100]
M00003 Gluconeogenesis, oxaloacetate => fructose-6P [PATH:bgd00010 bgd00020 bgd01100]
M00307 Pyruvate oxidation, pyruvate => acetyl-CoA [PATH:bgd00010 bgd00020 bgd00620 bgd00785 bgd01200 bgd01210 bgd01100]
M00009 Citrate cycle (TCA cycle, Krebs cycle) [PATH:bgd00020 bgd01200 bgd01100]
M00010 Citrate cycle, first carbon oxidation, oxaloacetate => 2-oxoglutarate [PATH:bgd00020 bgd01200 bgd01210 bgd01230 bgd01100]
M00011 Citrate cycle, second carbon oxidation, 2-oxoglutarate => oxaloacetate [PATH:bgd00020 bgd01200 bgd01210 bgd01100]
M00004 Pentose phosphate pathway (Pentose phosphate cycle) [PATH:bgd00030 bgd01200 bgd01100 bgd01120]
M00006 Pentose phosphate pathway, oxidative phase, glucose 6P => ribulose 5P [PATH:bgd00030 bgd01200 bgd01100 bgd01120]
M00007 Pentose phosphate pathway, non-oxidative phase, fructose 6P => ribose 5P [PATH:bgd00030 bgd01200 bgd01230 bgd01100 bgd01120]
M00005 PRPP biosynthesis, ribose 5P => PRPP [PATH:bgd00030 bgd00230 bgd01200 bgd01230 bgd01100]
M00008 Entner-Doudoroff pathway, glucose-6P => glyceraldehyde-3P + pyruvate [PATH:bgd00030 bgd01200 bgd01100 bgd01120]

Other carbohydrate metabolism
M00552 D-galactonate degradation, De Ley-Doudoroff pathway, D-galactonate => glycerate-3P [PATH:bgd00052 bgd01100]
M00854 Glycogen biosynthesis, glucose-1P => glycogen/starch [PATH:bgd00500 bgd01100]
M00012 Glyoxylate cycle [PATH:bgd00630 bgd01200 bgd01100 bgd01110]
M00982 Methylcitrate cycle [PATH:bgd00640 bgd00020 bgd01200 bgd01100 bgd01120]

Energy metabolism
Carbon fixation
M00168 CAM (Crassulacean acid metabolism), dark [PATH:bgd00620 bgd00710 bgd01200 bgd01100 bgd01120]
M00579 Phosphate acetyltransferase-acetate kinase pathway, acetyl-CoA => acetate [PATH:bgd00430 bgd00620 bgd00720 bgd01200 bgd01100 bgd01120]

Methane metabolism
Nitrogen metabolism
M00530 Dissimilatory nitrate reduction, nitrate => ammonia [PATH:bgd00910 bgd01310 bgd01100 bgd01120]

Sulfur metabolism
M00176 Assimilatory sulfate reduction, sulfate => H2S [PATH:bgd00920 bgd01320 bgd01100 bgd01120]

Photosynthesis
ATP synthesis
M00144 NADH:quinone oxidoreductase, prokaryotes [PATH:bgd00190 bgd01100]
M00149 Succinate dehydrogenase, prokaryotes [PATH:bgd00190 bgd01100]
M00151 Cytochrome bc1 complex respiratory unit [PATH:bgd00190 bgd01100]
M00155 Cytochrome c oxidase, prokaryotes [PATH:bgd00190 bgd01100]
M00153 Cytochrome bd ubiquinol oxidase [PATH:bgd00190 bgd01100]
M00417 Cytochrome o ubiquinol oxidase [PATH:bgd00190 bgd01100]
M00157 F-type ATPase, prokaryotes and chloroplasts [PATH:bgd00190 bgd01100]

Lipid metabolism
Fatty acid metabolism
M00082 Fatty acid biosynthesis, initiation [PATH:bgd00061 bgd01212 bgd01100]
M00083 Fatty acid biosynthesis, elongation [PATH:bgd00061 bgd01212 bgd01100]
M00086 beta-Oxidation, acyl-CoA synthesis [PATH:bgd00061 bgd00071 bgd01212 bgd01100]
M00087 beta-Oxidation [PATH:bgd00071 bgd01212 bgd01100]

Sterol biosynthesis
Lipid metabolism
M00098 Acylglycerol degradation [PATH:bgd00561 bgd01100]
M00091 Phosphatidylcholine (PC) biosynthesis, PE => PC [PATH:bgd00564 bgd01100]
M00093 Phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) biosynthesis, PA => PS => PE [PATH:bgd00564 bgd01100]

Nucleotide metabolism
Purine metabolism
M00048 De novo purine biosynthesis, PRPP + glutamine => IMP [PATH:bgd00230 bgd01100]
M00049 Adenine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, IMP => ADP,ATP [PATH:bgd00230 bgd01232 bgd01240 bgd01100]
M00050 Guanine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, IMP => GDP,GTP [PATH:bgd00230 bgd01232 bgd01100]
M00053 Deoxyribonucleotide biosynthesis, ADP/GDP/CDP/UDP => dATP/dGTP/dCTP/dUTP [PATH:bgd00230 bgd00240 bgd01232 bgd01100]
M00958 Adenine ribonucleotide degradation, AMP => Urate [PATH:bgd00230 bgd01232 bgd01100]
M00959 Guanine ribonucleotide degradation, GMP => Urate [PATH:bgd00230 bgd01232 bgd01100]

Pyrimidine metabolism
M00052 Pyrimidine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, UMP => UDP/UTP,CDP/CTP [PATH:bgd00240 bgd01232 bgd01240 bgd01100]
M00938 Pyrimidine deoxyribonucleotide biosynthesis, UDP => dTTP [PATH:bgd00240 bgd01232 bgd01100]
M00046 Pyrimidine degradation, uracil => beta-alanine, thymine => 3-aminoisobutanoate [PATH:bgd00240 bgd00410 bgd00770 bgd01100]

Amino acid metabolism
Serine and threonine metabolism
M00020 Serine biosynthesis, glycerate-3P => serine [PATH:bgd00260 bgd00680 bgd01200 bgd01230 bgd01100]
M00018 Threonine biosynthesis, aspartate => homoserine => threonine [PATH:bgd00260 bgd01230 bgd01100 bgd01110]
M00621 Glycine cleavage system [PATH:bgd00260 bgd00630 bgd00670 bgd00785 bgd01200 bgd01100]
M00555 Betaine biosynthesis, choline => betaine [PATH:bgd00260 bgd00670 bgd01100]
M00975 Betaine degradation, bacteria, betaine => pyruvate [PATH:bgd00260 bgd01100]

Cysteine and methionine metabolism
Branched-chain amino acid metabolism
M00019 Valine/isoleucine biosynthesis, pyruvate => valine / 2-oxobutanoate => isoleucine [PATH:bgd00290 bgd00770 bgd01210 bgd01230 bgd01100 bgd01110]
M00570 Isoleucine biosynthesis, threonine => 2-oxobutanoate => isoleucine [PATH:bgd00290 bgd01230 bgd01100]
M00432 Leucine biosynthesis, 2-oxoisovalerate => 2-oxoisocaproate [PATH:bgd00290 bgd01210 bgd01230 bgd01100 bgd01110]
M00036 Leucine degradation, leucine => acetoacetate + acetyl-CoA [PATH:bgd00280 bgd01100]

Lysine metabolism
M00016 Lysine biosynthesis, succinyl-DAP pathway, aspartate => lysine [PATH:bgd00300 bgd01230 bgd01100]

Arginine and proline metabolism
M00028 Ornithine biosynthesis, glutamate => ornithine [PATH:bgd00220 bgd01210 bgd01230 bgd01100]
M00844 Arginine biosynthesis, ornithine => arginine [PATH:bgd00220 bgd01230 bgd01100]
M00015 Proline biosynthesis, glutamate => proline [PATH:bgd00330 bgd01230 bgd01100]
M00970 Proline degradation, proline => glutamate [PATH:bgd00330 bgd01100]
M00879 Arginine succinyltransferase pathway, arginine => glutamate [PATH:bgd00330 bgd01100]

Polyamine biosynthesis
Histidine metabolism
M00026 Histidine biosynthesis, PRPP => histidine [PATH:bgd00340 bgd01230 bgd01100 bgd01110]
M00045 Histidine degradation, histidine => N-formiminoglutamate => glutamate [PATH:bgd00340 bgd01100]

Aromatic amino acid metabolism
M00022 Shikimate pathway, phosphoenolpyruvate + erythrose-4P => chorismate [PATH:bgd00400 bgd01230 bgd01100 bgd01110]
M00023 Tryptophan biosynthesis, chorismate => tryptophan [PATH:bgd00400 bgd01230 bgd01100 bgd01110]
M00024 Phenylalanine biosynthesis, chorismate => phenylpyruvate => phenylalanine [PATH:bgd00400 bgd01230 bgd01100 bgd01110]
M00025 Tyrosine biosynthesis, chorismate => HPP => tyrosine [PATH:bgd00400 bgd01230 bgd01100]
M00044 Tyrosine degradation, tyrosine => homogentisate [PATH:bgd00350 bgd01100]

Other amino acid metabolism
M00118 Glutathione biosynthesis, glutamate => glutathione [PATH:bgd00480 bgd01240 bgd01100]
M00948 Hydroxyproline degradation, trans-4-hydroxy-L-proline => 2-oxoglutarate [PATH:bgd00470 bgd01100]

Glycan metabolism
Nucleotide sugar biosynthesis
M00909 UDP-GlcNAc biosynthesis, prokaryotes, Fru-6P => UDP-GlcNAc [PATH:bgd00520 bgd01250 bgd01100]
M00996 UDP-MurNAc biosynthesis, anhMurNAc => UDP-MurNAc [PATH:bgd00520 bgd01250 bgd01100 bgd01100]
M00995 UDP-MurNAc biosynthesis, Fru-6P => UDP-MurNAc [PATH:bgd00520 bgd01250 bgd01100]
M00549 UDP-Glc biosynthesis, Glc => UDP-Glc [PATH:bgd00520 bgd01250 bgd01100]
M01000 GDP-Man biosynthesis, Fru-6P => GDP-Man [PATH:bgd00520 bgd00051 bgd01250 bgd01100]
M00063 CMP-KDO biosynthesis, ribulose-5P => CMP-KDO [PATH:bgd00541 bgd01250 bgd01100]
M00064 ADP-LDmanHep biosynthesis, sedoheptulose-7P => ADP-LDmanHep [PATH:bgd00541 bgd01250 bgd01100]
M00793 dTDP-L-Rha biosynthesis, Glc-1P => dTDP-L-Rha [PATH:bgd00521 bgd00523 bgd00541 bgd01250 bgd01100 bgd01110]
M01019 GDP-6-deoxy-Tal biosynthesis, GDP-Man => GDP-6-deoxy-Tal [PATH:bgd00541 bgd00051 bgd01250 bgd01100]

Glycan biosynthesis
Glycosaminoglycan metabolism
Lipopolysaccharide metabolism
Other polysaccharide metabolism
Metabolism of cofactors and vitamins
Cofactor and vitamin metabolism
M00115 NAD biosynthesis, aspartate => quinolinate => NAD [PATH:bgd00760 bgd01240 bgd01100]
M00622 Nicotinate degradation, nicotinate => fumarate [PATH:bgd00760 bgd01100 bgd01120]
M00119 Pantothenate biosynthesis, valine/L-aspartate => pantothenate [PATH:bgd00770 bgd01240 bgd01100 bgd01110]
M00120 Coenzyme A biosynthesis, pantothenate => CoA [PATH:bgd00770 bgd01240 bgd01100]
M00123 Biotin biosynthesis, pimeloyl-ACP/CoA => biotin [PATH:bgd00780 bgd01240 bgd01100]
M00881 Lipoic acid biosynthesis, plants and bacteria, octanoyl-ACP => dihydrolipoyl-E2/H [PATH:bgd00785 bgd01240 bgd01100]
M00126 Tetrahydrofolate biosynthesis, GTP => THF [PATH:bgd00790 bgd00670 bgd01240 bgd01100]
M00880 Molybdenum cofactor biosynthesis, GTP => molybdenum cofactor [PATH:bgd00790 bgd01240 bgd01100]
M00988 PreQ1 biosynthesis, GTP => 7-Aminomethyl-7-deazaguanine [PATH:bgd00790 bgd01100]
M00121 Heme biosynthesis, plants and bacteria, glutamate => heme [PATH:bgd00860 bgd01240 bgd01100 bgd01110]
M00925 Cobalamin biosynthesis, aerobic, uroporphyrinogen III => precorrin 2 => cobyrinate a,c-diamide [PATH:bgd00860 bgd01240 bgd01100]
M00122 Cobalamin biosynthesis, cobyrinate a,c-diamide => cobalamin [PATH:bgd00860 bgd01240 bgd01100]
M00117 Ubiquinone biosynthesis, prokaryotes, chorismate (+ polyprenyl-PP) => ubiquinol [PATH:bgd00130 bgd01240 bgd01100 bgd01110]

Biosynthesis of terpenoids and polyketides
Terpenoid backbone biosynthesis
Terpenoid biosynthesis
Macrolide biosynthesis
Enediyne biosynthesis
Type II polyketide biosynthesis
Polyketide sugar unit biosynthesis
Biosynthesis of other secondary metabolites
Biosynthesis of phytochemical compounds
Biosynthesis of beta-lactams
Biosynthesis of other antibiotics
Biosynthesis of other fungal compounds
Biosynthesis of other bacterial compounds
Biosynthesis of other compounds
Xenobiotics biodegradation
Aromatics degradation
M00637 Anthranilate degradation, anthranilate => catechol [PATH:bgd00627 bgd01100 bgd01120]
M00568 Catechol ortho-cleavage, catechol => 3-oxoadipate [PATH:bgd00362 bgd01220 bgd01100 bgd01120]

Gene set
Pathogenicity
Drug resistance
M00698 Multidrug resistance, efflux pump BpeEF-OprC

Plant pathogenicity
Symbiosis
Module set
Metabolic capacity
M00616 Sulfate-sulfur assimilation