KEGG Modules

Carbohydrate metabolism
Central carbohydrate metabolism
M00001 Glycolysis (Embden-Meyerhof pathway), glucose => pyruvate [PATH:bgz00010 bgz01200 bgz01100]
M00002 Glycolysis, core module involving three-carbon compounds [PATH:bgz00010 bgz01200 bgz01230 bgz01100]
M00003 Gluconeogenesis, oxaloacetate => fructose-6P [PATH:bgz00010 bgz00020 bgz01100]
M00307 Pyruvate oxidation, pyruvate => acetyl-CoA [PATH:bgz00010 bgz00020 bgz00620 bgz00785 bgz01200 bgz01210 bgz01100]
M00009 Citrate cycle (TCA cycle, Krebs cycle) [PATH:bgz00020 bgz01200 bgz01100]
M00010 Citrate cycle, first carbon oxidation, oxaloacetate => 2-oxoglutarate [PATH:bgz00020 bgz01200 bgz01210 bgz01230 bgz01100]
M00011 Citrate cycle, second carbon oxidation, 2-oxoglutarate => oxaloacetate [PATH:bgz00020 bgz01200 bgz01210 bgz01100]
M00004 Pentose phosphate pathway (Pentose phosphate cycle) [PATH:bgz00030 bgz01200 bgz01100 bgz01120]
M00006 Pentose phosphate pathway, oxidative phase, glucose 6P => ribulose 5P [PATH:bgz00030 bgz01200 bgz01100 bgz01120]
M00007 Pentose phosphate pathway, non-oxidative phase, fructose 6P => ribose 5P [PATH:bgz00030 bgz01200 bgz01230 bgz01100 bgz01120]
M00005 PRPP biosynthesis, ribose 5P => PRPP [PATH:bgz00030 bgz00230 bgz01200 bgz01230 bgz01100]

Other carbohydrate metabolism
M00552 D-galactonate degradation, De Ley-Doudoroff pathway, D-galactonate => glycerate-3P [PATH:bgz00052 bgz01100]
M00854 Glycogen biosynthesis, glucose-1P => glycogen/starch [PATH:bgz00500 bgz01100]
M00565 Trehalose biosynthesis, D-glucose 1P => trehalose [PATH:bgz00500 bgz01100 bgz01110]
M00549 Nucleotide sugar biosynthesis, glucose => UDP-glucose [PATH:bgz00520 bgz01250 bgz01100]
M00909 UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine biosynthesis, prokaryotes, glucose => UDP-GlcNAc [PATH:bgz00520 bgz01250 bgz01100]
M00012 Glyoxylate cycle [PATH:bgz00630 bgz01200 bgz01100 bgz01110]
M00741 Propanoyl-CoA metabolism, propanoyl-CoA => succinyl-CoA [PATH:bgz00280 bgz00630 bgz00640 bgz01200 bgz01100]

Energy metabolism
Carbon fixation
M00165 Reductive pentose phosphate cycle (Calvin cycle) [PATH:bgz00710 bgz01200 bgz01100 bgz01120]
M00168 CAM (Crassulacean acid metabolism), dark [PATH:bgz00620 bgz00710 bgz01200 bgz01100 bgz01120]
M00169 CAM (Crassulacean acid metabolism), light [PATH:bgz00620 bgz00710 bgz01200 bgz01100 bgz01120]
M00579 Phosphate acetyltransferase-acetate kinase pathway, acetyl-CoA => acetate [PATH:bgz00430 bgz00620 bgz01200 bgz01100 bgz01120]

Methane metabolism
Nitrogen metabolism
M00175 Nitrogen fixation, nitrogen => ammonia [PATH:bgz00910 bgz01100 bgz01120]
M00531 Assimilatory nitrate reduction, nitrate => ammonia [PATH:bgz00910 bgz01100 bgz01120]

Sulfur metabolism
M00176 Assimilatory sulfate reduction, sulfate => H2S [PATH:bgz00920 bgz01100 bgz01120]
M00595 Thiosulfate oxidation by SOX complex, thiosulfate => sulfate [PATH:bgz00920 bgz01100 bgz01120]

Photosynthesis
M00597 Anoxygenic photosystem II

ATP synthesis
M00144 NADH:quinone oxidoreductase, prokaryotes [PATH:bgz00190 bgz01100]
M00149 Succinate dehydrogenase, prokaryotes [PATH:bgz00190 bgz01100]
M00151 Cytochrome bc1 complex respiratory unit [PATH:bgz00190 bgz01100]
M00155 Cytochrome c oxidase, prokaryotes [PATH:bgz00190 bgz01100]
M00417 Cytochrome o ubiquinol oxidase [PATH:bgz00190 bgz01100]
M00156 Cytochrome c oxidase, cbb3-type [PATH:bgz00190 bgz01100]
M00157 F-type ATPase, prokaryotes and chloroplasts [PATH:bgz00190 bgz01100]

Lipid metabolism
Fatty acid metabolism
M00082 Fatty acid biosynthesis, initiation [PATH:bgz00061 bgz01212 bgz01100]
M00083 Fatty acid biosynthesis, elongation [PATH:bgz00061 bgz01212 bgz01100]
M00086 beta-Oxidation, acyl-CoA synthesis [PATH:bgz00061 bgz00071 bgz01212 bgz01100]

Sterol biosynthesis
Lipid metabolism
M00091 Phosphatidylcholine (PC) biosynthesis, PE => PC [PATH:bgz00564 bgz01100]
M00093 Phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) biosynthesis, PA => PS => PE [PATH:bgz00564 bgz01100]

Nucleotide metabolism
Purine metabolism
M00048 De novo purine biosynthesis, PRPP + glutamine => IMP [PATH:bgz00230 bgz01100]
M00049 Adenine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, IMP => ADP,ATP [PATH:bgz00230 bgz01232 bgz01240 bgz01100]
M00050 Guanine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, IMP => GDP,GTP [PATH:bgz00230 bgz01232 bgz01100]
M00958 Adenine ribonucleotide degradation, AMP => Urate [PATH:bgz00230 bgz01232 bgz01100]
M00959 Guanine ribonucleotide degradation, GMP => Urate [PATH:bgz00230 bgz01232 bgz01100]

Pyrimidine metabolism
M00052 Pyrimidine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, UMP => UDP/UTP,CDP/CTP [PATH:bgz00240 bgz01232 bgz01240 bgz01100]

Amino acid metabolism
Serine and threonine metabolism
M00020 Serine biosynthesis, glycerate-3P => serine [PATH:bgz00260 bgz00680 bgz01200 bgz01230 bgz01100]
M00018 Threonine biosynthesis, aspartate => homoserine => threonine [PATH:bgz00260 bgz01230 bgz01100 bgz01110]
M00621 Glycine cleavage system [PATH:bgz00260 bgz00630 bgz00785 bgz01200 bgz01100]

Cysteine and methionine metabolism
M00021 Cysteine biosynthesis, serine => cysteine [PATH:bgz00270 bgz00920 bgz01200 bgz01230 bgz01100 bgz01110]

Branched-chain amino acid metabolism
M00019 Valine/isoleucine biosynthesis, pyruvate => valine / 2-oxobutanoate => isoleucine [PATH:bgz00290 bgz00770 bgz01210 bgz01230 bgz01100 bgz01110]
M00570 Isoleucine biosynthesis, threonine => 2-oxobutanoate => isoleucine [PATH:bgz00290 bgz01230 bgz01100]
M00432 Leucine biosynthesis, 2-oxoisovalerate => 2-oxoisocaproate [PATH:bgz00290 bgz01210 bgz01230 bgz01100 bgz01110]

Lysine metabolism
M00016 Lysine biosynthesis, succinyl-DAP pathway, aspartate => lysine [PATH:bgz00300 bgz01230 bgz01100]

Arginine and proline metabolism
M00028 Ornithine biosynthesis, glutamate => ornithine [PATH:bgz00220 bgz01210 bgz01230 bgz01100]
M00844 Arginine biosynthesis, ornithine => arginine [PATH:bgz00220 bgz01230 bgz01100]
M00015 Proline biosynthesis, glutamate => proline [PATH:bgz00330 bgz01230 bgz01100]
M00970 Proline degradation, proline => glutamate [PATH:bgz00330 bgz01100]

Polyamine biosynthesis
M00134 Polyamine biosynthesis, arginine => ornithine => putrescine [PATH:bgz00330 bgz01100]

Histidine metabolism
M00026 Histidine biosynthesis, PRPP => histidine [PATH:bgz00340 bgz01230 bgz01100 bgz01110]

Aromatic amino acid metabolism
M00022 Shikimate pathway, phosphoenolpyruvate + erythrose-4P => chorismate [PATH:bgz00400 bgz01230 bgz01100 bgz01110]
M00023 Tryptophan biosynthesis, chorismate => tryptophan [PATH:bgz00400 bgz01230 bgz01100 bgz01110]
M00044 Tyrosine degradation, tyrosine => homogentisate [PATH:bgz00350 bgz01100]

Other amino acid metabolism
M00118 Glutathione biosynthesis, glutamate => glutathione [PATH:bgz00480 bgz01240 bgz01100]

Glycan metabolism
Glycan biosynthesis
Glycosaminoglycan metabolism
Lipopolysaccharide metabolism
M00064 ADP-L-glycero-D-manno-heptose biosynthesis [PATH:bgz00540 bgz01250 bgz01100]

Metabolism of cofactors and vitamins
Cofactor and vitamin metabolism
M00115 NAD biosynthesis, aspartate => quinolinate => NAD [PATH:bgz00760 bgz01240 bgz01100]
M00120 Coenzyme A biosynthesis, pantothenate => CoA [PATH:bgz00770 bgz01240 bgz01100]
M00881 Lipoic acid biosynthesis, plants and bacteria, octanoyl-ACP => dihydrolipoyl-E2/H [PATH:bgz00785 bgz01240 bgz01100]
M00126 Tetrahydrofolate biosynthesis, GTP => THF [PATH:bgz00790 bgz00670 bgz01240 bgz01100]
M00880 Molybdenum cofactor biosynthesis, GTP => molybdenum cofactor [PATH:bgz00790 bgz01240 bgz01100]
M00925 Cobalamin biosynthesis, aerobic, uroporphyrinogen III => precorrin 2 => cobyrinate a,c-diamide [PATH:bgz00860 bgz01240 bgz01100]
M00122 Cobalamin biosynthesis, cobyrinate a,c-diamide => cobalamin [PATH:bgz00860 bgz01240 bgz01100]

Biosynthesis of terpenoids and polyketides
Terpenoid backbone biosynthesis
Plant terpenoid biosynthesis
Macrolide biosynthesis
Enediyne biosynthesis
Type II polyketide biosynthesis
Polyketide sugar unit biosynthesis
Biosynthesis of other secondary metabolites
Biosynthesis of phytochemical compounds
Biosynthesis of beta-lactams
Biosynthesis of other antibiotics
Biosynthesis of other fungal compounds
Biosynthesis of other bacterial compounds
Xenobiotics biodegradation
Aromatics degradation

Gene set
Pathogenicity
Drug resistance
M00627 beta-Lactam resistance, Bla system [PATH:bgz01501]

Plant pathogenicity
Symbiosis
M00664 Nodulation

Module set
Metabolic capacity
M00612 Anoxygenic photosynthesis in purple bacteria
M00615 Nitrate assimilation