KEGG Modules

Carbohydrate metabolism
Central carbohydrate metabolism
M00001 Glycolysis (Embden-Meyerhof pathway), glucose => pyruvate [PATH:bng00010 bng01200 bng01100]
M00002 Glycolysis, core module involving three-carbon compounds [PATH:bng00010 bng01200 bng01230 bng01100]
M00003 Gluconeogenesis, oxaloacetate => fructose-6P [PATH:bng00010 bng00020 bng01100]
M00307 Pyruvate oxidation, pyruvate => acetyl-CoA [PATH:bng00010 bng00020 bng00620 bng00785 bng01200 bng01210 bng01100]
M00009 Citrate cycle (TCA cycle, Krebs cycle) [PATH:bng00020 bng01200 bng01100]
M00010 Citrate cycle, first carbon oxidation, oxaloacetate => 2-oxoglutarate [PATH:bng00020 bng01200 bng01210 bng01230 bng01100]
M00011 Citrate cycle, second carbon oxidation, 2-oxoglutarate => oxaloacetate [PATH:bng00020 bng01200 bng01210 bng01100]
M00004 Pentose phosphate pathway (Pentose phosphate cycle) [PATH:bng00030 bng01200 bng01100 bng01120]
M00006 Pentose phosphate pathway, oxidative phase, glucose 6P => ribulose 5P [PATH:bng00030 bng01200 bng01100 bng01120]
M00007 Pentose phosphate pathway, non-oxidative phase, fructose 6P => ribose 5P [PATH:bng00030 bng01200 bng01230 bng01100 bng01120]
M00005 PRPP biosynthesis, ribose 5P => PRPP [PATH:bng00030 bng00230 bng01200 bng01230 bng01100]

Other carbohydrate metabolism
M00061 D-Glucuronate degradation, D-glucuronate => pyruvate + D-glyceraldehyde 3P [PATH:bng00040 bng00030 bng01100]
M00632 Galactose degradation, Leloir pathway, galactose => alpha-D-glucose-1P [PATH:bng00052 bng01100]
M00552 D-galactonate degradation, De Ley-Doudoroff pathway, D-galactonate => glycerate-3P [PATH:bng00052 bng01100]
M00550 Ascorbate degradation, ascorbate => D-xylulose-5P [PATH:bng00053 bng01100 bng01120]
M00854 Glycogen biosynthesis, glucose-1P => glycogen/starch [PATH:bng00500 bng01100]
M00855 Glycogen degradation, glycogen => glucose-6P [PATH:bng00500 bng01100]
M00549 Nucleotide sugar biosynthesis, glucose => UDP-glucose [PATH:bng00520 bng01250 bng01100]
M00554 Nucleotide sugar biosynthesis, galactose => UDP-galactose [PATH:bng00520 bng00052 bng01250 bng01100]
M00909 UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine biosynthesis, prokaryotes, glucose => UDP-GlcNAc [PATH:bng00520 bng01250 bng01100]
M00012 Glyoxylate cycle [PATH:bng00630 bng01200 bng01100 bng01110]

Energy metabolism
Carbon fixation
M00168 CAM (Crassulacean acid metabolism), dark [PATH:bng00620 bng00710 bng01200 bng01100 bng01120]
M00579 Phosphate acetyltransferase-acetate kinase pathway, acetyl-CoA => acetate [PATH:bng00430 bng00620 bng00720 bng01200 bng01100 bng01120]

Methane metabolism
Nitrogen metabolism
M00175 Nitrogen fixation, nitrogen => ammonia [PATH:bng00910 bng01100 bng01120]

Sulfur metabolism
M00176 Assimilatory sulfate reduction, sulfate => H2S [PATH:bng00920 bng01100 bng01120]

Photosynthesis
ATP synthesis
M00144 NADH:quinone oxidoreductase, prokaryotes [PATH:bng00190 bng01100]
M00149 Succinate dehydrogenase, prokaryotes [PATH:bng00190 bng01100]
M00150 Fumarate reductase, prokaryotes [PATH:bng00190 bng01100]
M00153 Cytochrome bd ubiquinol oxidase [PATH:bng00190]
M00417 Cytochrome o ubiquinol oxidase [PATH:bng00190 bng01100]
M00157 F-type ATPase, prokaryotes and chloroplasts [PATH:bng00190 bng01100]

Lipid metabolism
Fatty acid metabolism
M00082 Fatty acid biosynthesis, initiation [PATH:bng00061 bng01212 bng01100]
M00083 Fatty acid biosynthesis, elongation [PATH:bng00061 bng01212 bng01100]
M00086 beta-Oxidation, acyl-CoA synthesis [PATH:bng00061 bng00071 bng01212 bng01100]
M00087 beta-Oxidation [PATH:bng00071 bng01212 bng01100]

Sterol biosynthesis
Lipid metabolism
M00093 Phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) biosynthesis, PA => PS => PE [PATH:bng00564 bng01100]

Nucleotide metabolism
Purine metabolism
M00048 De novo purine biosynthesis, PRPP + glutamine => IMP [PATH:bng00230 bng01100]
M00049 Adenine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, IMP => ADP,ATP [PATH:bng00230 bng01232 bng01240 bng01100]
M00050 Guanine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, IMP => GDP,GTP [PATH:bng00230 bng01232 bng01100]
M00053 Deoxyribonucleotide biosynthesis, ADP/GDP/CDP/UDP => dATP/dGTP/dCTP/dUTP [PATH:bng00230 bng00240 bng01232 bng01100]
M00958 Adenine ribonucleotide degradation, AMP => Urate [PATH:bng00230 bng01232 bng01100]
M00959 Guanine ribonucleotide degradation, GMP => Urate [PATH:bng00230 bng01232 bng01100]

Pyrimidine metabolism
M00051 De novo pyrimidine biosynthesis, glutamine (+ PRPP) => UMP [PATH:bng00240 bng01240 bng01100]
M00052 Pyrimidine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, UMP => UDP/UTP,CDP/CTP [PATH:bng00240 bng01232 bng01240 bng01100]
M00938 Pyrimidine deoxyribonucleotide biosynthesis, UDP => dTTP [PATH:bng00240 bng01232 bng01100]
M00046 Pyrimidine degradation, uracil => beta-alanine, thymine => 3-aminoisobutanoate [PATH:bng00240 bng00410 bng00770 bng01100]

Amino acid metabolism
Serine and threonine metabolism
M00020 Serine biosynthesis, glycerate-3P => serine [PATH:bng00260 bng00680 bng01200 bng01230 bng01100]
M00018 Threonine biosynthesis, aspartate => homoserine => threonine [PATH:bng00260 bng01230 bng01100 bng01110]
M00621 Glycine cleavage system [PATH:bng00260 bng00630 bng00785 bng01200 bng01100]

Cysteine and methionine metabolism
M00021 Cysteine biosynthesis, serine => cysteine [PATH:bng00270 bng00920 bng01200 bng01230 bng01100 bng01110]
M00338 Cysteine biosynthesis, homocysteine + serine => cysteine [PATH:bng00260 bng00270 bng01230 bng01100]
M00017 Methionine biosynthesis, aspartate => homoserine => methionine [PATH:bng00270 bng01230 bng01100]
M00034 Methionine salvage pathway [PATH:bng00270 bng01100]

Branched-chain amino acid metabolism
M00019 Valine/isoleucine biosynthesis, pyruvate => valine / 2-oxobutanoate => isoleucine [PATH:bng00290 bng00770 bng01210 bng01230 bng01100 bng01110]
M00570 Isoleucine biosynthesis, threonine => 2-oxobutanoate => isoleucine [PATH:bng00290 bng01230 bng01100]
M00432 Leucine biosynthesis, 2-oxoisovalerate => 2-oxoisocaproate [PATH:bng00290 bng01210 bng01230 bng01100 bng01110]

Lysine metabolism
M00016 Lysine biosynthesis, succinyl-DAP pathway, aspartate => lysine [PATH:bng00300 bng01230 bng01100]

Arginine and proline metabolism
M00028 Ornithine biosynthesis, glutamate => ornithine [PATH:bng00220 bng01210 bng01230 bng01100]
M00844 Arginine biosynthesis, ornithine => arginine [PATH:bng00220 bng01230 bng01100]
M00015 Proline biosynthesis, glutamate => proline [PATH:bng00330 bng01230 bng01100]
M00970 Proline degradation, proline => glutamate [PATH:bng00330 bng01100]
M00879 Arginine succinyltransferase pathway, arginine => glutamate [PATH:bng00330 bng01100]

Polyamine biosynthesis
M00133 Polyamine biosynthesis, arginine => agmatine => putrescine => spermidine [PATH:bng00330 bng01100]

Histidine metabolism
M00026 Histidine biosynthesis, PRPP => histidine [PATH:bng00340 bng01230 bng01100 bng01110]
M00045 Histidine degradation, histidine => N-formiminoglutamate => glutamate [PATH:bng00340 bng01100]

Aromatic amino acid metabolism
M00022 Shikimate pathway, phosphoenolpyruvate + erythrose-4P => chorismate [PATH:bng00400 bng01230 bng01100 bng01110]
M00023 Tryptophan biosynthesis, chorismate => tryptophan [PATH:bng00400 bng01230 bng01100 bng01110]
M00024 Phenylalanine biosynthesis, chorismate => phenylpyruvate => phenylalanine [PATH:bng00400 bng01230 bng01100 bng01110]
M00025 Tyrosine biosynthesis, chorismate => HPP => tyrosine [PATH:bng00400 bng01230 bng01100]

Other amino acid metabolism
M00118 Glutathione biosynthesis, glutamate => glutathione [PATH:bng00480 bng01240 bng01100]

Glycan metabolism
Glycan biosynthesis
Glycosaminoglycan metabolism
Lipopolysaccharide metabolism
M00060 KDO2-lipid A biosynthesis, Raetz pathway, LpxL-LpxM type [PATH:bng00540 bng01100]
M00063 CMP-KDO biosynthesis [PATH:bng00540 bng01250 bng01100]
M00064 ADP-L-glycero-D-manno-heptose biosynthesis [PATH:bng00540 bng01250 bng01100]

Other polysaccharide metabolism
Metabolism of cofactors and vitamins
Cofactor and vitamin metabolism
M00127 Thiamine biosynthesis, prokaryotes, AIR (+ DXP/tyrosine) => TMP/TPP [PATH:bng00730 bng01240 bng01100]
M00899 Thiamine salvage pathway, HMP/HET => TMP [PATH:bng00730 bng01100]
M00125 Riboflavin biosynthesis, plants and bacteria, GTP => riboflavin/FMN/FAD [PATH:bng00740 bng01240 bng01100 bng01110]
M00124 Pyridoxal-P biosynthesis, erythrose-4P => pyridoxal-P [PATH:bng00750 bng01240 bng01100]
M00115 NAD biosynthesis, aspartate => quinolinate => NAD [PATH:bng00760 bng01240 bng01100]
M00119 Pantothenate biosynthesis, valine/L-aspartate => pantothenate [PATH:bng00770 bng01240 bng01100 bng01110]
M00120 Coenzyme A biosynthesis, pantothenate => CoA [PATH:bng00770 bng01240 bng01100]
M00572 Pimeloyl-ACP biosynthesis, BioC-BioH pathway, malonyl-ACP => pimeloyl-ACP [PATH:bng00780 bng01240 bng01100]
M00123 Biotin biosynthesis, pimeloyl-ACP/CoA => biotin [PATH:bng00780 bng01240 bng01100]
M00881 Lipoic acid biosynthesis, plants and bacteria, octanoyl-ACP => dihydrolipoyl-E2/H [PATH:bng00785 bng01240 bng01100]
M00126 Tetrahydrofolate biosynthesis, GTP => THF [PATH:bng00790 bng00670 bng01240 bng01100]
M00880 Molybdenum cofactor biosynthesis, GTP => molybdenum cofactor [PATH:bng00790 bng01240 bng01100]
M00846 Siroheme biosynthesis, glutamyl-tRNA => siroheme [PATH:bng00860 bng01240 bng01100 bng01110]
M00121 Heme biosynthesis, plants and bacteria, glutamate => heme [PATH:bng00860 bng01240 bng01100 bng01110]
M00924 Cobalamin biosynthesis, anaerobic, uroporphyrinogen III => sirohydrochlorin => cobyrinate a,c-diamide [PATH:bng00860 bng01240 bng01100]
M00122 Cobalamin biosynthesis, cobyrinate a,c-diamide => cobalamin [PATH:bng00860 bng01240 bng01100]
M00117 Ubiquinone biosynthesis, prokaryotes, chorismate (+ polyprenyl-PP) => ubiquinol [PATH:bng00130 bng01240 bng01100 bng01110]

Biosynthesis of terpenoids and polyketides
Terpenoid backbone biosynthesis
M00096 C5 isoprenoid biosynthesis, non-mevalonate pathway [PATH:bng00900 bng01100 bng01110]
M00364 C10-C20 isoprenoid biosynthesis, bacteria [PATH:bng00900 bng01100 bng01110]

Plant terpenoid biosynthesis
Macrolide biosynthesis
Enediyne biosynthesis
Type II polyketide biosynthesis
Polyketide sugar unit biosynthesis
M00793 dTDP-L-rhamnose biosynthesis [PATH:bng00521 bng00523 bng00541 bng01250 bng01100 bng01110]

Biosynthesis of other secondary metabolites
Biosynthesis of phytochemical compounds
Biosynthesis of beta-lactams
Biosynthesis of other antibiotics
Biosynthesis of other fungal compounds
Biosynthesis of other bacterial compounds
Xenobiotics biodegradation
Aromatics degradation

Gene set
Pathogenicity
Drug resistance
Plant pathogenicity
Symbiosis
Module set
Metabolic capacity
M00616 Sulfate-sulfur assimilation