KEGG Modules

Carbohydrate metabolism
Central carbohydrate metabolism
M00001 Glycolysis (Embden-Meyerhof pathway), glucose => pyruvate [PATH:eai00010 eai01200 eai01100]
M00002 Glycolysis, core module involving three-carbon compounds [PATH:eai00010 eai01200 eai01230 eai01100]
M00003 Gluconeogenesis, oxaloacetate => fructose-6P [PATH:eai00010 eai00020 eai01100]
M00307 Pyruvate oxidation, pyruvate => acetyl-CoA [PATH:eai00010 eai00020 eai00620 eai00785 eai01200 eai01210 eai01100]
M00009 Citrate cycle (TCA cycle, Krebs cycle) [PATH:eai00020 eai01200 eai01100]
M00010 Citrate cycle, first carbon oxidation, oxaloacetate => 2-oxoglutarate [PATH:eai00020 eai01200 eai01210 eai01230 eai01100]
M00011 Citrate cycle, second carbon oxidation, 2-oxoglutarate => oxaloacetate [PATH:eai00020 eai01200 eai01210 eai01100]
M00004 Pentose phosphate pathway (Pentose phosphate cycle) [PATH:eai00030 eai01200 eai01100]
M00006 Pentose phosphate pathway, oxidative phase, glucose 6P => ribulose 5P [PATH:eai00030 eai01200 eai01100]
M00007 Pentose phosphate pathway, non-oxidative phase, fructose 6P => ribose 5P [PATH:eai00030 eai01200 eai01230 eai01100]
M00005 PRPP biosynthesis, ribose 5P => PRPP [PATH:eai00030 eai00230 eai01200 eai01230 eai01100]

Other carbohydrate metabolism
M00014 Glucuronate pathway (uronate pathway) [PATH:eai00040 eai01100]
M00129 Ascorbate biosynthesis, animals, glucose-1P => ascorbate [PATH:eai00040 eai00053 eai01240 eai01100]
M00854 Glycogen biosynthesis, glucose-1P => glycogen/starch [PATH:eai00500 eai01100]
M00855 Glycogen degradation, glycogen => glucose-6P [PATH:eai00500 eai01100]
M00549 Nucleotide sugar biosynthesis, glucose => UDP-glucose [PATH:eai00520 eai01250 eai01100]
M00892 UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine biosynthesis, eukaryotes, glucose => UDP-GlcNAc [PATH:eai00520 eai01250 eai01100]
M00741 Propanoyl-CoA metabolism, propanoyl-CoA => succinyl-CoA [PATH:eai00280 eai00630 eai00640 eai01200 eai01100]
M00130 Inositol phosphate metabolism, PI=> PIP2 => Ins(1,4,5)P3 => Ins(1,3,4,5)P4 [PATH:eai00562 eai01100]
M00131 Inositol phosphate metabolism, Ins(1,3,4,5)P4 => Ins(1,3,4)P3 => myo-inositol [PATH:eai00562 eai01100]
M00132 Inositol phosphate metabolism, Ins(1,3,4)P3 => phytate [PATH:eai00562 eai01100]

Energy metabolism
Carbon fixation
Methane metabolism
Nitrogen metabolism
Sulfur metabolism
Photosynthesis
ATP synthesis
M00142 NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase, mitochondria [PATH:eai00190 eai01100]
M00143 NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) Fe-S protein/flavoprotein complex, mitochondria [PATH:eai00190 eai01100]
M00146 NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) 1 alpha subcomplex [PATH:eai00190 eai01100]
M00147 NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) 1 beta subcomplex [PATH:eai00190 eai01100]
M00148 Succinate dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) [PATH:eai00190 eai01100]
M00151 Cytochrome bc1 complex respiratory unit [PATH:eai00190 eai01100]
M00152 Cytochrome bc1 complex [PATH:eai00190 eai01100]
M00154 Cytochrome c oxidase [PATH:eai00190 eai01100]
M00158 F-type ATPase, eukaryotes [PATH:eai00190 eai01100]
M00160 V-type ATPase, eukaryotes [PATH:eai00190 eai01100]

Lipid metabolism
Fatty acid metabolism
M00082 Fatty acid biosynthesis, initiation [PATH:eai00061 eai01212 eai01100]
M00083 Fatty acid biosynthesis, elongation [PATH:eai00061 eai01212 eai01100]
M00873 Fatty acid biosynthesis in mitochondria, animals [PATH:eai00061 eai01212 eai01100]
M00085 Fatty acid elongation in mitochondria [PATH:eai00062 eai01212 eai01100]
M00415 Fatty acid elongation in endoplasmic reticulum [PATH:eai00062 eai01040 eai01212 eai01100]
M00086 beta-Oxidation, acyl-CoA synthesis [PATH:eai00061 eai00071 eai01212 eai01100]
M00087 beta-Oxidation [PATH:eai00071 eai01212 eai01100]
M00861 beta-Oxidation, peroxisome, VLCFA [PATH:eai01040 eai01212 eai01100]

Sterol biosynthesis
M00101 Cholesterol biosynthesis, FPP => cholesterol [PATH:eai00100 eai01100]
M00103 Cholecalciferol biosynthesis [PATH:eai00100 eai01100]
M00104 Bile acid biosynthesis, cholesterol => cholate/chenodeoxycholate [PATH:eai00120 eai01100]
M00106 Conjugated bile acid biosynthesis, cholate => taurocholate/glycocholate [PATH:eai00120 eai01100]
M00862 beta-Oxidation, peroxisome, tri/dihydroxycholestanoyl-CoA => choloyl/chenodeoxycholoyl-CoA [PATH:eai00120 eai01100]
M00107 Steroid hormone biosynthesis, cholesterol => pregnenolone => progesterone [PATH:eai00140 eai01100]
M00109 C21-Steroid hormone biosynthesis, progesterone => cortisol/cortisone [PATH:eai00140 eai01100]
M00110 C19/C18-Steroid hormone biosynthesis, pregnenolone => androstenedione => estrone [PATH:eai00140 eai01100]
M00976 C19-Steroid hormone biosynthesis, pregnenolone => testosterone => dihydrotestosterone [PATH:eai00140 eai01100]
M00977 C19-Steroid hormone biosynthesis (androgen backdoor pathway), pregnenolone => androsterone => dihydrotestosterone [PATH:eai00140 eai01100]

Lipid metabolism
M00089 Triacylglycerol biosynthesis [PATH:eai00561 eai01100]
M00098 Acylglycerol degradation [PATH:eai00561 eai01100]
M00090 Phosphatidylcholine (PC) biosynthesis, choline => PC [PATH:eai00564 eai01100]
M00091 Phosphatidylcholine (PC) biosynthesis, PE => PC [PATH:eai00564 eai01100]
M00092 Phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) biosynthesis, ethanolamine => PE [PATH:eai00564 eai01100]
M00094 Ceramide biosynthesis [PATH:eai00600 eai01100]
M00066 Lactosylceramide biosynthesis [PATH:eai00600 eai01100]
M00067 Sulfoglycolipids biosynthesis, ceramide/1-alkyl-2-acylglycerol => sulfatide/seminolipid [PATH:eai00600 eai00565 eai01100]
M00099 Sphingosine biosynthesis [PATH:eai00600 eai01100]
M00100 Sphingosine degradation [PATH:eai00600 eai01100]

Nucleotide metabolism
Purine metabolism
M00048 De novo purine biosynthesis, PRPP + glutamine => IMP [PATH:eai00230 eai01100]
M00049 Adenine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, IMP => ADP,ATP [PATH:eai00230 eai01232 eai01240 eai01100]
M00050 Guanine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, IMP => GDP,GTP [PATH:eai00230 eai01232 eai01100]
M00053 Deoxyribonucleotide biosynthesis, ADP/GDP/CDP/UDP => dATP/dGTP/dCTP/dUTP [PATH:eai00230 eai00240 eai01232 eai01100]
M00958 Adenine ribonucleotide degradation, AMP => Urate [PATH:eai00230 eai01232 eai01100]
M00959 Guanine ribonucleotide degradation, GMP => Urate [PATH:eai00230 eai01232 eai01100]

Pyrimidine metabolism
M00051 De novo pyrimidine biosynthesis, glutamine (+ PRPP) => UMP [PATH:eai00240 eai01240 eai01100]
M00052 Pyrimidine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, UMP => UDP/UTP,CDP/CTP [PATH:eai00240 eai01232 eai01240 eai01100]
M00938 Pyrimidine deoxyribonucleotide biosynthesis, UDP => dTTP [PATH:eai00240 eai01232 eai01100]
M00046 Pyrimidine degradation, uracil => beta-alanine, thymine => 3-aminoisobutanoate [PATH:eai00240 eai00410 eai00770 eai01100]

Amino acid metabolism
Serine and threonine metabolism
M00020 Serine biosynthesis, glycerate-3P => serine [PATH:eai00260 eai01200 eai01230 eai01100]
M00621 Glycine cleavage system [PATH:eai00260 eai00630 eai00785 eai01200 eai01100]
M00555 Betaine biosynthesis, choline => betaine [PATH:eai00260 eai01100]
M00974 Betaine metabolism, animals, betaine => glycine [PATH:eai00260 eai01100]

Cysteine and methionine metabolism
M00338 Cysteine biosynthesis, homocysteine + serine => cysteine [PATH:eai00260 eai00270 eai01230 eai01100]
M00034 Methionine salvage pathway [PATH:eai00270 eai01100]
M00035 Methionine degradation [PATH:eai00270 eai01100]

Branched-chain amino acid metabolism
M00036 Leucine degradation, leucine => acetoacetate + acetyl-CoA [PATH:eai00280 eai01100]

Lysine metabolism
M00032 Lysine degradation, lysine => saccharopine => acetoacetyl-CoA [PATH:eai00310 eai01210 eai01100]

Arginine and proline metabolism
M00844 Arginine biosynthesis, ornithine => arginine [PATH:eai00220 eai01230 eai01100]
M00029 Urea cycle [PATH:eai00220 eai01230 eai01100]
M00015 Proline biosynthesis, glutamate => proline [PATH:eai00330 eai01230 eai01100]
M00970 Proline degradation, proline => glutamate [PATH:eai00330 eai01100]
M00972 Proline metabolism [PATH:eai00330 eai01100]
M00047 Creatine pathway [PATH:eai00330 eai00260 eai01100]

Polyamine biosynthesis
M00134 Polyamine biosynthesis, arginine => ornithine => putrescine [PATH:eai00330 eai01100]
M00135 GABA biosynthesis, eukaryotes, putrescine => GABA [PATH:eai00330 eai01100]

Histidine metabolism
M00045 Histidine degradation, histidine => N-formiminoglutamate => glutamate [PATH:eai00340 eai01100]

Aromatic amino acid metabolism
M00042 Catecholamine biosynthesis, tyrosine => dopamine => noradrenaline => adrenaline [PATH:eai00350 eai01100]
M00043 Thyroid hormone biosynthesis, tyrosine => triiodothyronine/thyroxine [PATH:eai00350 eai01100]
M00044 Tyrosine degradation, tyrosine => homogentisate [PATH:eai00350 eai01100]
M00037 Melatonin biosynthesis, animals, tryptophan => serotonin => melatonin [PATH:eai00380 eai01100]
M00038 Tryptophan metabolism, tryptophan => kynurenine => 2-aminomuconate [PATH:eai00380 eai01100]

Other amino acid metabolism
M00027 GABA (gamma-Aminobutyrate) shunt [PATH:eai00250 eai00650 eai01100]
M00118 Glutathione biosynthesis, glutamate => glutathione [PATH:eai00480 eai01240 eai01100]

Glycan metabolism
Glycan biosynthesis
M00055 N-glycan precursor biosynthesis [PATH:eai00510 eai01100]
M00073 N-glycan precursor trimming [PATH:eai00510 eai01100]
M00075 N-glycan biosynthesis, complex type [PATH:eai00510 eai01100]
M00056 O-glycan biosynthesis, mucin type core [PATH:eai00512 eai01100]
M00872 O-glycan biosynthesis, mannose type (core M3) [PATH:eai00515 eai01100]
M00065 GPI-anchor biosynthesis, core oligosaccharide [PATH:eai00563 eai01100]
M00070 Glycosphingolipid biosynthesis, lacto-series, LacCer => Lc4Cer [PATH:eai00601 eai01100]
M00071 Glycosphingolipid biosynthesis, neolacto-series, LacCer => nLc4Cer [PATH:eai00601 eai01100]
M00068 Glycosphingolipid biosynthesis, globo-series, LacCer => Gb4Cer [PATH:eai00603 eai01100]
M00069 Glycosphingolipid biosynthesis, ganglio series, LacCer => GT3 [PATH:eai00604 eai01100]

Glycosaminoglycan metabolism
M00057 Glycosaminoglycan biosynthesis, linkage tetrasaccharide [PATH:eai00532 eai00534 eai01100]
M00058 Glycosaminoglycan biosynthesis, chondroitin sulfate backbone [PATH:eai00532 eai01100]
M00059 Glycosaminoglycan biosynthesis, heparan sulfate backbone [PATH:eai00534 eai01100]
M00076 Dermatan sulfate degradation [PATH:eai00531 eai01100]
M00077 Chondroitin sulfate degradation [PATH:eai00531 eai01100]
M00078 Heparan sulfate degradation [PATH:eai00531 eai01100]
M00079 Keratan sulfate degradation [PATH:eai00531 eai01100]

Lipopolysaccharide metabolism
Other polysaccharide metabolism
Metabolism of cofactors and vitamins
Cofactor and vitamin metabolism
M00912 NAD biosynthesis, tryptophan => quinolinate => NAD [PATH:eai00380 eai00760 eai01240 eai01100]
M00120 Coenzyme A biosynthesis, pantothenate => CoA [PATH:eai00770 eai01240 eai01100]
M00882 Lipoic acid biosynthesis, eukaryotes, octanoyl-ACP => dihydrolipoyl-H [PATH:eai00785 eai01240 eai01100]
M00883 Lipoic acid biosynthesis, animals and bacteria, octanoyl-ACP => dihydrolipoyl-H => dihydrolipoyl-E2 [PATH:eai00785 eai01240 eai01100]
M00842 Tetrahydrobiopterin biosynthesis, GTP => BH4 [PATH:eai00790 eai01240 eai01100]
M00880 Molybdenum cofactor biosynthesis, GTP => molybdenum cofactor [PATH:eai00790 eai01240 eai01100]
M00141 C1-unit interconversion, eukaryotes [PATH:eai00670 eai01240 eai01100]
M00128 Ubiquinone biosynthesis, eukaryotes, 4-hydroxybenzoate + polyprenyl-PP => ubiquinol [PATH:eai00130 eai01240 eai01100]

Biosynthesis of terpenoids and polyketides
Terpenoid backbone biosynthesis
M00095 C5 isoprenoid biosynthesis, mevalonate pathway [PATH:eai00900 eai01100]
M00367 C10-C20 isoprenoid biosynthesis, non-plant eukaryotes [PATH:eai00900 eai01100]

Plant terpenoid biosynthesis
Macrolide biosynthesis
Enediyne biosynthesis
Type II polyketide biosynthesis
Polyketide sugar unit biosynthesis
Biosynthesis of other secondary metabolites
Biosynthesis of phytochemical compounds
Biosynthesis of beta-lactams
Biosynthesis of other antibiotics
Biosynthesis of other fungal compounds
Biosynthesis of other bacterial compounds
Xenobiotics biodegradation
Aromatics degradation

Gene set
Pathogenicity
Drug resistance
Plant pathogenicity
Symbiosis
Module set
Metabolic capacity