KEGG Modules

Carbohydrate metabolism
Central carbohydrate metabolism
M00001 Glycolysis (Embden-Meyerhof pathway), glucose => pyruvate [PATH:fch00010 fch01200 fch01100]
M00002 Glycolysis, core module involving three-carbon compounds [PATH:fch00010 fch01200 fch01230 fch01100]
M00003 Gluconeogenesis, oxaloacetate => fructose-6P [PATH:fch00010 fch00020 fch01100]
M00307 Pyruvate oxidation, pyruvate => acetyl-CoA [PATH:fch00010 fch00020 fch00620 fch00785 fch01200 fch01210 fch01100]
M00009 Citrate cycle (TCA cycle, Krebs cycle) [PATH:fch00020 fch01200 fch01100]
M00010 Citrate cycle, first carbon oxidation, oxaloacetate => 2-oxoglutarate [PATH:fch00020 fch01200 fch01210 fch01230 fch01100]
M00011 Citrate cycle, second carbon oxidation, 2-oxoglutarate => oxaloacetate [PATH:fch00020 fch01200 fch01210 fch01100]
M00004 Pentose phosphate pathway (Pentose phosphate cycle) [PATH:fch00030 fch01200 fch01100]
M00006 Pentose phosphate pathway, oxidative phase, glucose 6P => ribulose 5P [PATH:fch00030 fch01200 fch01100]
M00007 Pentose phosphate pathway, non-oxidative phase, fructose 6P => ribose 5P [PATH:fch00030 fch01200 fch01230 fch01100]
M00005 PRPP biosynthesis, ribose 5P => PRPP [PATH:fch00030 fch00230 fch01200 fch01230 fch01100]

Other carbohydrate metabolism
M00014 Glucuronate pathway (uronate pathway) [PATH:fch00040 fch01100]
M00632 Galactose degradation, Leloir pathway, galactose => alpha-D-glucose-1P [PATH:fch00052 fch01100]
M00129 Ascorbate biosynthesis, animals, glucose-1P => ascorbate [PATH:fch00040 fch00053 fch01240 fch01100]
M00854 Glycogen biosynthesis, glucose-1P => glycogen/starch [PATH:fch00500 fch01100]
M00855 Glycogen degradation, glycogen => glucose-6P [PATH:fch00500 fch01100]
M00549 Nucleotide sugar biosynthesis, glucose => UDP-glucose [PATH:fch00520 fch01250 fch01100]
M00554 Nucleotide sugar biosynthesis, galactose => UDP-galactose [PATH:fch00520 fch00052 fch01250 fch01100]
M00892 UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine biosynthesis, eukaryotes, glucose => UDP-GlcNAc [PATH:fch00520 fch01250 fch01100]
M00741 Propanoyl-CoA metabolism, propanoyl-CoA => succinyl-CoA [PATH:fch00280 fch00630 fch00640 fch01200 fch01100]
M00130 Inositol phosphate metabolism, PI=> PIP2 => Ins(1,4,5)P3 => Ins(1,3,4,5)P4 [PATH:fch00562 fch01100]
M00132 Inositol phosphate metabolism, Ins(1,3,4)P3 => phytate [PATH:fch00562 fch01100]

Energy metabolism
Carbon fixation
Methane metabolism
Nitrogen metabolism
Sulfur metabolism
Photosynthesis
ATP synthesis
M00142 NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase, mitochondria [PATH:fch00190 fch01100]
M00143 NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) Fe-S protein/flavoprotein complex, mitochondria [PATH:fch00190 fch01100]
M00148 Succinate dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) [PATH:fch00190 fch01100]
M00151 Cytochrome bc1 complex respiratory unit [PATH:fch00190 fch01100]

Lipid metabolism
Fatty acid metabolism
M00082 Fatty acid biosynthesis, initiation [PATH:fch00061 fch01212 fch01100]
M00083 Fatty acid biosynthesis, elongation [PATH:fch00061 fch01212 fch01100]
M00085 Fatty acid elongation in mitochondria [PATH:fch00062 fch01212 fch01100]
M00415 Fatty acid elongation in endoplasmic reticulum [PATH:fch00062 fch01040 fch01212 fch01100]
M00086 beta-Oxidation, acyl-CoA synthesis [PATH:fch00061 fch00071 fch01212 fch01100]
M00087 beta-Oxidation [PATH:fch00071 fch01212 fch01100]
M00861 beta-Oxidation, peroxisome, VLCFA [PATH:fch01040 fch01212 fch01100]

Sterol biosynthesis
M00862 beta-Oxidation, peroxisome, tri/dihydroxycholestanoyl-CoA => choloyl/chenodeoxycholoyl-CoA [PATH:fch00120 fch01100]
M00107 Steroid hormone biosynthesis, cholesterol => pregnenolone => progesterone [PATH:fch00140 fch01100]
M00110 C19/C18-Steroid hormone biosynthesis, pregnenolone => androstenedione => estrone [PATH:fch00140 fch01100]
M00976 C19-Steroid hormone biosynthesis, pregnenolone => testosterone => dihydrotestosterone [PATH:fch00140 fch01100]

Lipid metabolism
M00089 Triacylglycerol biosynthesis [PATH:fch00561 fch01100]
M00098 Acylglycerol degradation [PATH:fch00561 fch01100]
M00090 Phosphatidylcholine (PC) biosynthesis, choline => PC [PATH:fch00564 fch01100]
M00091 Phosphatidylcholine (PC) biosynthesis, PE => PC [PATH:fch00564 fch01100]
M00092 Phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) biosynthesis, ethanolamine => PE [PATH:fch00564 fch01100]
M00094 Ceramide biosynthesis [PATH:fch00600 fch01100]
M00066 Lactosylceramide biosynthesis [PATH:fch00600 fch01100]
M00067 Sulfoglycolipids biosynthesis, ceramide/1-alkyl-2-acylglycerol => sulfatide/seminolipid [PATH:fch00600 fch00565 fch01100]
M00099 Sphingosine biosynthesis [PATH:fch00600 fch01100]
M00100 Sphingosine degradation [PATH:fch00600 fch01100]

Nucleotide metabolism
Purine metabolism
M00048 De novo purine biosynthesis, PRPP + glutamine => IMP [PATH:fch00230 fch01100]
M00049 Adenine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, IMP => ADP,ATP [PATH:fch00230 fch01232 fch01240 fch01100]
M00050 Guanine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, IMP => GDP,GTP [PATH:fch00230 fch01232 fch01100]
M00053 Deoxyribonucleotide biosynthesis, ADP/GDP/CDP/UDP => dATP/dGTP/dCTP/dUTP [PATH:fch00230 fch00240 fch01232 fch01100]
M00958 Adenine ribonucleotide degradation, AMP => Urate [PATH:fch00230 fch01232 fch01100]
M00959 Guanine ribonucleotide degradation, GMP => Urate [PATH:fch00230 fch01232 fch01100]

Pyrimidine metabolism
M00051 De novo pyrimidine biosynthesis, glutamine (+ PRPP) => UMP [PATH:fch00240 fch01240 fch01100]
M00052 Pyrimidine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, UMP => UDP/UTP,CDP/CTP [PATH:fch00240 fch01232 fch01240 fch01100]
M00938 Pyrimidine deoxyribonucleotide biosynthesis, UDP => dTTP [PATH:fch00240 fch01232 fch01100]
M00046 Pyrimidine degradation, uracil => beta-alanine, thymine => 3-aminoisobutanoate [PATH:fch00240 fch00410 fch00770 fch01100]

Amino acid metabolism
Serine and threonine metabolism
M00020 Serine biosynthesis, glycerate-3P => serine [PATH:fch00260 fch01200 fch01230 fch01100]
M00621 Glycine cleavage system [PATH:fch00260 fch00630 fch00785 fch01200 fch01100]
M00555 Betaine biosynthesis, choline => betaine [PATH:fch00260 fch01100]
M00974 Betaine metabolism, animals, betaine => glycine [PATH:fch00260 fch01100]

Cysteine and methionine metabolism
M00338 Cysteine biosynthesis, homocysteine + serine => cysteine [PATH:fch00260 fch00270 fch01230 fch01100]
M00035 Methionine degradation [PATH:fch00270 fch01100]

Branched-chain amino acid metabolism
M00036 Leucine degradation, leucine => acetoacetate + acetyl-CoA [PATH:fch00280 fch01100]

Lysine metabolism
M00032 Lysine degradation, lysine => saccharopine => acetoacetyl-CoA [PATH:fch00310 fch01210 fch01100]

Arginine and proline metabolism
M00844 Arginine biosynthesis, ornithine => arginine [PATH:fch00220 fch01230 fch01100]
M00029 Urea cycle [PATH:fch00220 fch01230 fch01100]
M00015 Proline biosynthesis, glutamate => proline [PATH:fch00330 fch01230 fch01100]
M00970 Proline degradation, proline => glutamate [PATH:fch00330 fch01100]
M00972 Proline metabolism [PATH:fch00330 fch01100]
M00047 Creatine pathway [PATH:fch00330 fch00260 fch01100]

Polyamine biosynthesis
M00134 Polyamine biosynthesis, arginine => ornithine => putrescine [PATH:fch00330 fch01100]
M00135 GABA biosynthesis, eukaryotes, putrescine => GABA [PATH:fch00330 fch01100]

Histidine metabolism
M00045 Histidine degradation, histidine => N-formiminoglutamate => glutamate [PATH:fch00340 fch01100]

Aromatic amino acid metabolism
M00043 Thyroid hormone biosynthesis, tyrosine => triiodothyronine/thyroxine [PATH:fch00350 fch01100]
M00044 Tyrosine degradation, tyrosine => homogentisate [PATH:fch00350 fch01100]
M00037 Melatonin biosynthesis, animals, tryptophan => serotonin => melatonin [PATH:fch00380 fch01100]
M00038 Tryptophan metabolism, tryptophan => kynurenine => 2-aminomuconate [PATH:fch00380 fch01100]

Other amino acid metabolism
M00027 GABA (gamma-Aminobutyrate) shunt [PATH:fch00250 fch00650 fch01100]
M00118 Glutathione biosynthesis, glutamate => glutathione [PATH:fch00480 fch01240 fch01100]

Glycan metabolism
Glycan biosynthesis
M00075 N-glycan biosynthesis, complex type [PATH:fch00510 fch01100]
M00065 GPI-anchor biosynthesis, core oligosaccharide [PATH:fch00563 fch01100]
M00070 Glycosphingolipid biosynthesis, lacto-series, LacCer => Lc4Cer [PATH:fch00601 fch01100]
M00071 Glycosphingolipid biosynthesis, neolacto-series, LacCer => nLc4Cer [PATH:fch00601 fch01100]
M00068 Glycosphingolipid biosynthesis, globo-series, LacCer => Gb4Cer [PATH:fch00603 fch01100]
M00069 Glycosphingolipid biosynthesis, ganglio series, LacCer => GT3 [PATH:fch00604 fch01100]

Glycosaminoglycan metabolism
M00058 Glycosaminoglycan biosynthesis, chondroitin sulfate backbone [PATH:fch00532 fch01100]
M00059 Glycosaminoglycan biosynthesis, heparan sulfate backbone [PATH:fch00534 fch01100]
M00076 Dermatan sulfate degradation [PATH:fch00531 fch01100]
M00077 Chondroitin sulfate degradation [PATH:fch00531 fch01100]
M00078 Heparan sulfate degradation [PATH:fch00531 fch01100]
M00079 Keratan sulfate degradation [PATH:fch00531 fch01100]

Lipopolysaccharide metabolism
Other polysaccharide metabolism
Metabolism of cofactors and vitamins
Cofactor and vitamin metabolism
M00842 Tetrahydrobiopterin biosynthesis, GTP => BH4 [PATH:fch00790 fch01240 fch01100]
M00880 Molybdenum cofactor biosynthesis, GTP => molybdenum cofactor [PATH:fch00790 fch01240 fch01100]
M00141 C1-unit interconversion, eukaryotes [PATH:fch00670 fch01240 fch01100]
M00868 Heme biosynthesis, animals and fungi, glycine => heme [PATH:fch00860 fch01240 fch01100]
M00128 Ubiquinone biosynthesis, eukaryotes, 4-hydroxybenzoate + polyprenyl-PP => ubiquinol [PATH:fch00130 fch01240 fch01100]

Biosynthesis of terpenoids and polyketides
Terpenoid backbone biosynthesis
M00367 C10-C20 isoprenoid biosynthesis, non-plant eukaryotes [PATH:fch00900 fch01100]

Plant terpenoid biosynthesis
Macrolide biosynthesis
Enediyne biosynthesis
Type II polyketide biosynthesis
Polyketide sugar unit biosynthesis
Biosynthesis of other secondary metabolites
Biosynthesis of phytochemical compounds
Biosynthesis of beta-lactams
Biosynthesis of other antibiotics
Biosynthesis of other fungal compounds
Biosynthesis of other bacterial compounds
Xenobiotics biodegradation
Aromatics degradation

Gene set
Pathogenicity
Drug resistance
Plant pathogenicity
Symbiosis
Module set
Metabolic capacity