KEGG Modules

Carbohydrate metabolism
Central carbohydrate metabolism
M00001 Glycolysis (Embden-Meyerhof pathway), glucose => pyruvate [PATH:mun00010 mun01200 mun01100]
M00002 Glycolysis, core module involving three-carbon compounds [PATH:mun00010 mun01200 mun01230 mun01100]
M00003 Gluconeogenesis, oxaloacetate => fructose-6P [PATH:mun00010 mun00020 mun01100]
M00307 Pyruvate oxidation, pyruvate => acetyl-CoA [PATH:mun00010 mun00020 mun00620 mun00785 mun01200 mun01210 mun01100]
M00009 Citrate cycle (TCA cycle, Krebs cycle) [PATH:mun00020 mun01200 mun01100]
M00010 Citrate cycle, first carbon oxidation, oxaloacetate => 2-oxoglutarate [PATH:mun00020 mun01200 mun01210 mun01230 mun01100]
M00011 Citrate cycle, second carbon oxidation, 2-oxoglutarate => oxaloacetate [PATH:mun00020 mun01200 mun01210 mun01100]
M00004 Pentose phosphate pathway (Pentose phosphate cycle) [PATH:mun00030 mun01200 mun01100]
M00006 Pentose phosphate pathway, oxidative phase, glucose 6P => ribulose 5P [PATH:mun00030 mun01200 mun01100]
M00007 Pentose phosphate pathway, non-oxidative phase, fructose 6P => ribose 5P [PATH:mun00030 mun01200 mun01230 mun01100]
M00005 PRPP biosynthesis, ribose 5P => PRPP [PATH:mun00030 mun00230 mun01200 mun01230 mun01100]

Other carbohydrate metabolism
M00014 Glucuronate pathway (uronate pathway) [PATH:mun00040 mun01100]
M00632 Galactose degradation, Leloir pathway, galactose => alpha-D-glucose-1P [PATH:mun00052 mun01100]
M00129 Ascorbate biosynthesis, animals, glucose-1P => ascorbate [PATH:mun00040 mun00053 mun01240 mun01100]
M00854 Glycogen biosynthesis, glucose-1P => glycogen/starch [PATH:mun00500 mun01100]
M00855 Glycogen degradation, glycogen => glucose-6P [PATH:mun00500 mun01100]
M00549 Nucleotide sugar biosynthesis, glucose => UDP-glucose [PATH:mun00520 mun01250 mun01100]
M00554 Nucleotide sugar biosynthesis, galactose => UDP-galactose [PATH:mun00520 mun00052 mun01250 mun01100]
M00892 UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine biosynthesis, eukaryotes, glucose => UDP-GlcNAc [PATH:mun00520 mun01250 mun01100]
M00741 Propanoyl-CoA metabolism, propanoyl-CoA => succinyl-CoA [PATH:mun00280 mun00630 mun00640 mun01200 mun01100]
M00130 Inositol phosphate metabolism, PI=> PIP2 => Ins(1,4,5)P3 => Ins(1,3,4,5)P4 [PATH:mun00562 mun01100]
M00131 Inositol phosphate metabolism, Ins(1,3,4,5)P4 => Ins(1,3,4)P3 => myo-inositol [PATH:mun00562 mun01100]
M00132 Inositol phosphate metabolism, Ins(1,3,4)P3 => phytate [PATH:mun00562 mun01100]

Energy metabolism
Carbon fixation
Methane metabolism
Nitrogen metabolism
Sulfur metabolism
Photosynthesis
ATP synthesis
M00142 NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase, mitochondria [PATH:mun00190 mun01100]
M00143 NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) Fe-S protein/flavoprotein complex, mitochondria [PATH:mun00190 mun01100]
M00146 NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) 1 alpha subcomplex [PATH:mun00190 mun01100]
M00147 NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) 1 beta subcomplex [PATH:mun00190 mun01100]
M00148 Succinate dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) [PATH:mun00190 mun01100]
M00151 Cytochrome bc1 complex respiratory unit [PATH:mun00190 mun01100]
M00152 Cytochrome bc1 complex [PATH:mun00190 mun01100]
M00154 Cytochrome c oxidase [PATH:mun00190 mun01100]
M00158 F-type ATPase, eukaryotes [PATH:mun00190 mun01100]
M00160 V-type ATPase, eukaryotes [PATH:mun00190 mun01100]

Lipid metabolism
Fatty acid metabolism
M00082 Fatty acid biosynthesis, initiation [PATH:mun00061 mun01212 mun01100]
M00083 Fatty acid biosynthesis, elongation [PATH:mun00061 mun01212 mun01100]
M00873 Fatty acid biosynthesis in mitochondria, animals [PATH:mun00061 mun01212 mun01100]
M00085 Fatty acid elongation in mitochondria [PATH:mun00062 mun01212 mun01100]
M00415 Fatty acid elongation in endoplasmic reticulum [PATH:mun00062 mun01040 mun01212 mun01100]
M00086 beta-Oxidation, acyl-CoA synthesis [PATH:mun00061 mun00071 mun01212 mun01100]
M00087 beta-Oxidation [PATH:mun00071 mun01212 mun01100]
M00861 beta-Oxidation, peroxisome, VLCFA [PATH:mun01040 mun01212 mun01100]

Sterol biosynthesis
M00101 Cholesterol biosynthesis, FPP => cholesterol [PATH:mun00100 mun01100]
M00103 Cholecalciferol biosynthesis [PATH:mun00100 mun01100]
M00106 Conjugated bile acid biosynthesis, cholate => taurocholate/glycocholate [PATH:mun00120 mun01100]
M00862 beta-Oxidation, peroxisome, tri/dihydroxycholestanoyl-CoA => choloyl/chenodeoxycholoyl-CoA [PATH:mun00120 mun01100]
M00107 Steroid hormone biosynthesis, cholesterol => pregnenolone => progesterone [PATH:mun00140 mun01100]
M00109 C21-Steroid hormone biosynthesis, progesterone => cortisol/cortisone [PATH:mun00140 mun01100]
M00110 C19/C18-Steroid hormone biosynthesis, pregnenolone => androstenedione => estrone [PATH:mun00140 mun01100]
M00976 C19-Steroid hormone biosynthesis, pregnenolone => testosterone => dihydrotestosterone [PATH:mun00140 mun01100]

Lipid metabolism
M00089 Triacylglycerol biosynthesis [PATH:mun00561 mun01100]
M00098 Acylglycerol degradation [PATH:mun00561 mun01100]
M00090 Phosphatidylcholine (PC) biosynthesis, choline => PC [PATH:mun00564 mun01100]
M00091 Phosphatidylcholine (PC) biosynthesis, PE => PC [PATH:mun00564 mun01100]
M00092 Phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) biosynthesis, ethanolamine => PE [PATH:mun00564 mun01100]
M00094 Ceramide biosynthesis [PATH:mun00600 mun01100]
M00066 Lactosylceramide biosynthesis [PATH:mun00600 mun01100]
M00067 Sulfoglycolipids biosynthesis, ceramide/1-alkyl-2-acylglycerol => sulfatide/seminolipid [PATH:mun00600 mun00565 mun01100]
M00099 Sphingosine biosynthesis [PATH:mun00600 mun01100]
M00100 Sphingosine degradation [PATH:mun00600 mun01100]

Nucleotide metabolism
Purine metabolism
M00048 De novo purine biosynthesis, PRPP + glutamine => IMP [PATH:mun00230 mun01100]
M00049 Adenine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, IMP => ADP,ATP [PATH:mun00230 mun01232 mun01240 mun01100]
M00050 Guanine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, IMP => GDP,GTP [PATH:mun00230 mun01232 mun01100]
M00053 Deoxyribonucleotide biosynthesis, ADP/GDP/CDP/UDP => dATP/dGTP/dCTP/dUTP [PATH:mun00230 mun00240 mun01232 mun01100]
M00958 Adenine ribonucleotide degradation, AMP => Urate [PATH:mun00230 mun01232 mun01100]
M00959 Guanine ribonucleotide degradation, GMP => Urate [PATH:mun00230 mun01232 mun01100]

Pyrimidine metabolism
M00051 De novo pyrimidine biosynthesis, glutamine (+ PRPP) => UMP [PATH:mun00240 mun01240 mun01100]
M00052 Pyrimidine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, UMP => UDP/UTP,CDP/CTP [PATH:mun00240 mun01232 mun01240 mun01100]
M00046 Pyrimidine degradation, uracil => beta-alanine, thymine => 3-aminoisobutanoate [PATH:mun00240 mun00410 mun00770 mun01100]

Amino acid metabolism
Serine and threonine metabolism
M00020 Serine biosynthesis, glycerate-3P => serine [PATH:mun00260 mun01200 mun01230 mun01100]
M00621 Glycine cleavage system [PATH:mun00260 mun00630 mun00785 mun01200 mun01100]
M00555 Betaine biosynthesis, choline => betaine [PATH:mun00260 mun01100]
M00974 Betaine metabolism, animals, betaine => glycine [PATH:mun00260 mun01100]

Cysteine and methionine metabolism
M00338 Cysteine biosynthesis, homocysteine + serine => cysteine [PATH:mun00260 mun00270 mun01230 mun01100]
M00035 Methionine degradation [PATH:mun00270 mun01100]

Branched-chain amino acid metabolism
M00036 Leucine degradation, leucine => acetoacetate + acetyl-CoA [PATH:mun00280 mun01100]

Lysine metabolism
M00032 Lysine degradation, lysine => saccharopine => acetoacetyl-CoA [PATH:mun00310 mun01210 mun01100]

Arginine and proline metabolism
M00844 Arginine biosynthesis, ornithine => arginine [PATH:mun00220 mun01230 mun01100]
M00029 Urea cycle [PATH:mun00220 mun01230 mun01100]
M00015 Proline biosynthesis, glutamate => proline [PATH:mun00330 mun01230 mun01100]
M00970 Proline degradation, proline => glutamate [PATH:mun00330 mun01100]
M00972 Proline metabolism [PATH:mun00330 mun01100]
M00047 Creatine pathway [PATH:mun00330 mun00260 mun01100]

Polyamine biosynthesis
M00134 Polyamine biosynthesis, arginine => ornithine => putrescine [PATH:mun00330 mun01100]
M00135 GABA biosynthesis, eukaryotes, putrescine => GABA [PATH:mun00330 mun01100]

Histidine metabolism
M00045 Histidine degradation, histidine => N-formiminoglutamate => glutamate [PATH:mun00340 mun01100]

Aromatic amino acid metabolism
M00042 Catecholamine biosynthesis, tyrosine => dopamine => noradrenaline => adrenaline [PATH:mun00350 mun01100]
M00043 Thyroid hormone biosynthesis, tyrosine => triiodothyronine/thyroxine [PATH:mun00350 mun01100]
M00044 Tyrosine degradation, tyrosine => homogentisate [PATH:mun00350 mun01100]
M00037 Melatonin biosynthesis, animals, tryptophan => serotonin => melatonin [PATH:mun00380 mun01100]
M00038 Tryptophan metabolism, tryptophan => kynurenine => 2-aminomuconate [PATH:mun00380 mun01100]

Other amino acid metabolism
M00027 GABA (gamma-Aminobutyrate) shunt [PATH:mun00250 mun00650 mun01100]
M00118 Glutathione biosynthesis, glutamate => glutathione [PATH:mun00480 mun01240 mun01100]

Glycan metabolism
Glycan biosynthesis
M00055 N-glycan precursor biosynthesis [PATH:mun00510 mun01100]
M00073 N-glycan precursor trimming [PATH:mun00510 mun01100]
M00075 N-glycan biosynthesis, complex type [PATH:mun00510 mun01100]
M00056 O-glycan biosynthesis, mucin type core [PATH:mun00512 mun01100]
M00872 O-glycan biosynthesis, mannose type (core M3) [PATH:mun00515 mun01100]
M00070 Glycosphingolipid biosynthesis, lacto-series, LacCer => Lc4Cer [PATH:mun00601 mun01100]
M00071 Glycosphingolipid biosynthesis, neolacto-series, LacCer => nLc4Cer [PATH:mun00601 mun01100]
M00068 Glycosphingolipid biosynthesis, globo-series, LacCer => Gb4Cer [PATH:mun00603 mun01100]
M00069 Glycosphingolipid biosynthesis, ganglio series, LacCer => GT3 [PATH:mun00604 mun01100]

Glycosaminoglycan metabolism
M00057 Glycosaminoglycan biosynthesis, linkage tetrasaccharide [PATH:mun00532 mun00534 mun01100]
M00058 Glycosaminoglycan biosynthesis, chondroitin sulfate backbone [PATH:mun00532 mun01100]
M00059 Glycosaminoglycan biosynthesis, heparan sulfate backbone [PATH:mun00534 mun01100]
M00076 Dermatan sulfate degradation [PATH:mun00531 mun01100]
M00077 Chondroitin sulfate degradation [PATH:mun00531 mun01100]
M00078 Heparan sulfate degradation [PATH:mun00531 mun01100]
M00079 Keratan sulfate degradation [PATH:mun00531 mun01100]

Lipopolysaccharide metabolism
Other polysaccharide metabolism
Metabolism of cofactors and vitamins
Cofactor and vitamin metabolism
M00912 NAD biosynthesis, tryptophan => quinolinate => NAD [PATH:mun00380 mun00760 mun01240 mun01100]
M00120 Coenzyme A biosynthesis, pantothenate => CoA [PATH:mun00770 mun01240 mun01100]
M00882 Lipoic acid biosynthesis, eukaryotes, octanoyl-ACP => dihydrolipoyl-H [PATH:mun00785 mun01240 mun01100]
M00883 Lipoic acid biosynthesis, animals and bacteria, octanoyl-ACP => dihydrolipoyl-H => dihydrolipoyl-E2 [PATH:mun00785 mun01240 mun01100]
M00842 Tetrahydrobiopterin biosynthesis, GTP => BH4 [PATH:mun00790 mun01240 mun01100]
M00880 Molybdenum cofactor biosynthesis, GTP => molybdenum cofactor [PATH:mun00790 mun01240 mun01100]
M00141 C1-unit interconversion, eukaryotes [PATH:mun00670 mun01240 mun01100]
M00868 Heme biosynthesis, animals and fungi, glycine => heme [PATH:mun00860 mun01240 mun01100]

Biosynthesis of terpenoids and polyketides
Terpenoid backbone biosynthesis
M00095 C5 isoprenoid biosynthesis, mevalonate pathway [PATH:mun00900 mun01100]
M00367 C10-C20 isoprenoid biosynthesis, non-plant eukaryotes [PATH:mun00900 mun01100]

Plant terpenoid biosynthesis
Macrolide biosynthesis
Enediyne biosynthesis
Type II polyketide biosynthesis
Polyketide sugar unit biosynthesis
Biosynthesis of other secondary metabolites
Biosynthesis of phytochemical compounds
Biosynthesis of beta-lactams
Biosynthesis of other antibiotics
Biosynthesis of other fungal compounds
Biosynthesis of other bacterial compounds
Xenobiotics biodegradation
Aromatics degradation

Gene set
Pathogenicity
Drug resistance
Plant pathogenicity
Symbiosis
Module set
Metabolic capacity