KEGG Modules

Carbohydrate metabolism
Central carbohydrate metabolism
M00001 Glycolysis (Embden-Meyerhof pathway), glucose => pyruvate [PATH:omm00010 omm01200 omm01100]
M00002 Glycolysis, core module involving three-carbon compounds [PATH:omm00010 omm01200 omm01230 omm01100]
M00003 Gluconeogenesis, oxaloacetate => fructose-6P [PATH:omm00010 omm00020 omm01100]
M00307 Pyruvate oxidation, pyruvate => acetyl-CoA [PATH:omm00010 omm00020 omm00620 omm00785 omm01200 omm01210 omm01100]
M00009 Citrate cycle (TCA cycle, Krebs cycle) [PATH:omm00020 omm01200 omm01100]
M00010 Citrate cycle, first carbon oxidation, oxaloacetate => 2-oxoglutarate [PATH:omm00020 omm01200 omm01210 omm01230 omm01100]
M00011 Citrate cycle, second carbon oxidation, 2-oxoglutarate => oxaloacetate [PATH:omm00020 omm01200 omm01210 omm01100]
M00004 Pentose phosphate pathway (Pentose phosphate cycle) [PATH:omm00030 omm01200 omm01100]
M00006 Pentose phosphate pathway, oxidative phase, glucose 6P => ribulose 5P [PATH:omm00030 omm01200 omm01100]
M00007 Pentose phosphate pathway, non-oxidative phase, fructose 6P => ribose 5P [PATH:omm00030 omm01200 omm01230 omm01100]
M00005 PRPP biosynthesis, ribose 5P => PRPP [PATH:omm00030 omm00230 omm01200 omm01230 omm01100]

Other carbohydrate metabolism
M00014 Glucuronate pathway (uronate pathway) [PATH:omm00040 omm01100]
M00632 Galactose degradation, Leloir pathway, galactose => alpha-D-glucose-1P [PATH:omm00052 omm01100]
M00854 Glycogen biosynthesis, glucose-1P => glycogen/starch [PATH:omm00500 omm01100]
M00855 Glycogen degradation, glycogen => glucose-6P [PATH:omm00500 omm01100]
M00741 Propanoyl-CoA metabolism, propanoyl-CoA => succinyl-CoA [PATH:omm00280 omm00630 omm00640 omm01200 omm01100]
M00130 Inositol phosphate metabolism, PI=> PIP2 => Ins(1,4,5)P3 => Ins(1,3,4,5)P4 [PATH:omm00562 omm01100]
M00131 Inositol phosphate metabolism, Ins(1,3,4,5)P4 => Ins(1,3,4)P3 => myo-inositol [PATH:omm00562 omm01100]
M00132 Inositol phosphate metabolism, Ins(1,3,4)P3 => phytate [PATH:omm00562 omm01100]

Energy metabolism
Carbon fixation
Methane metabolism
Nitrogen metabolism
Sulfur metabolism
Photosynthesis
ATP synthesis
M00142 NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase, mitochondria [PATH:omm00190 omm01100]
M00143 NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) Fe-S protein/flavoprotein complex, mitochondria [PATH:omm00190 omm01100]
M00146 NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) 1 alpha subcomplex [PATH:omm00190 omm01100]
M00147 NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) 1 beta subcomplex [PATH:omm00190 omm01100]
M00148 Succinate dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) [PATH:omm00190 omm01100]
M00151 Cytochrome bc1 complex respiratory unit [PATH:omm00190 omm01100]
M00152 Cytochrome bc1 complex [PATH:omm00190 omm01100]
M00154 Cytochrome c oxidase [PATH:omm00190 omm01100]
M00158 F-type ATPase, eukaryotes [PATH:omm00190 omm01100]
M00160 V-type ATPase, eukaryotes [PATH:omm00190 omm01100]

Lipid metabolism
Fatty acid metabolism
M00082 Fatty acid biosynthesis, initiation [PATH:omm00061 omm01212 omm01100]
M00083 Fatty acid biosynthesis, elongation [PATH:omm00061 omm01212 omm01100]
M00873 Fatty acid biosynthesis in mitochondria, animals [PATH:omm00061 omm01212 omm01100]
M00085 Fatty acid elongation in mitochondria [PATH:omm00062 omm01212 omm01100]
M00415 Fatty acid elongation in endoplasmic reticulum [PATH:omm00062 omm01040 omm01212 omm01100]
M00086 beta-Oxidation, acyl-CoA synthesis [PATH:omm00061 omm00071 omm01212 omm01100]
M00087 beta-Oxidation [PATH:omm00071 omm01212 omm01100]
M00861 beta-Oxidation, peroxisome, VLCFA [PATH:omm01040 omm01212 omm01100]

Sterol biosynthesis
M00101 Cholesterol biosynthesis, FPP => cholesterol [PATH:omm00100 omm01100]
M00103 Cholecalciferol biosynthesis [PATH:omm00100 omm01100]
M00107 Steroid hormone biosynthesis, cholesterol => pregnenolone => progesterone [PATH:omm00140 omm01100]
M00109 C21-Steroid hormone biosynthesis, progesterone => cortisol/cortisone [PATH:omm00140 omm01100]
M00110 C19/C18-Steroid hormone biosynthesis, pregnenolone => androstenedione => estrone [PATH:omm00140 omm01100]
M00976 C19-Steroid hormone biosynthesis, pregnenolone => testosterone => dihydrotestosterone [PATH:omm00140 omm01100]

Lipid metabolism
M00089 Triacylglycerol biosynthesis [PATH:omm00561 omm01100]
M00098 Acylglycerol degradation [PATH:omm00561 omm01100]
M00090 Phosphatidylcholine (PC) biosynthesis, choline => PC [PATH:omm00564 omm01100]
M00091 Phosphatidylcholine (PC) biosynthesis, PE => PC [PATH:omm00564 omm01100]
M00092 Phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) biosynthesis, ethanolamine => PE [PATH:omm00564 omm01100]
M00094 Ceramide biosynthesis [PATH:omm00600 omm01100]
M00066 Lactosylceramide biosynthesis [PATH:omm00600 omm01100]
M00067 Sulfoglycolipids biosynthesis, ceramide/1-alkyl-2-acylglycerol => sulfatide/seminolipid [PATH:omm00600 omm00565 omm01100]
M00099 Sphingosine biosynthesis [PATH:omm00600 omm01100]
M00100 Sphingosine degradation [PATH:omm00600 omm01100]

Nucleotide metabolism
Purine metabolism
M00048 De novo purine biosynthesis, PRPP + glutamine => IMP [PATH:omm00230 omm01100]
M00049 Adenine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, IMP => ADP,ATP [PATH:omm00230 omm01232 omm01240 omm01100]
M00050 Guanine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, IMP => GDP,GTP [PATH:omm00230 omm01232 omm01100]
M00053 Deoxyribonucleotide biosynthesis, ADP/GDP/CDP/UDP => dATP/dGTP/dCTP/dUTP [PATH:omm00230 omm00240 omm01232 omm01100]
M00958 Adenine ribonucleotide degradation, AMP => Urate [PATH:omm00230 omm01232 omm01100]
M00959 Guanine ribonucleotide degradation, GMP => Urate [PATH:omm00230 omm01232 omm01100]
M00546 Purine degradation, xanthine => urea [PATH:omm00230 omm01100]

Pyrimidine metabolism
M00051 De novo pyrimidine biosynthesis, glutamine (+ PRPP) => UMP [PATH:omm00240 omm01240 omm01100]
M00052 Pyrimidine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, UMP => UDP/UTP,CDP/CTP [PATH:omm00240 omm01232 omm01240 omm01100]
M00938 Pyrimidine deoxyribonucleotide biosynthesis, UDP => dTTP [PATH:omm00240 omm01232 omm01100]
M00046 Pyrimidine degradation, uracil => beta-alanine, thymine => 3-aminoisobutanoate [PATH:omm00240 omm00410 omm00770 omm01100]

Amino acid metabolism
Serine and threonine metabolism
M00020 Serine biosynthesis, glycerate-3P => serine [PATH:omm00260 omm01200 omm01230 omm01100]
M00621 Glycine cleavage system [PATH:omm00260 omm00630 omm00670 omm00785 omm01200 omm01100]
M00555 Betaine biosynthesis, choline => betaine [PATH:omm00260 omm00670 omm01100]
M00974 Betaine metabolism, animals, betaine => glycine [PATH:omm00260 omm00670 omm01100]

Cysteine and methionine metabolism
M00338 Cysteine biosynthesis, homocysteine + serine => cysteine [PATH:omm00260 omm00270 omm00670 omm01230 omm01100]
M00034 Methionine salvage pathway [PATH:omm00270 omm01100]
M00035 Methionine degradation [PATH:omm00270 omm00670 omm01100]

Branched-chain amino acid metabolism
M00036 Leucine degradation, leucine => acetoacetate + acetyl-CoA [PATH:omm00280 omm01100]

Lysine metabolism
M00032 Lysine degradation, lysine => saccharopine => acetoacetyl-CoA [PATH:omm00310 omm01210 omm01100]

Arginine and proline metabolism
M00844 Arginine biosynthesis, ornithine => arginine [PATH:omm00220 omm01230 omm01100]
M00029 Urea cycle [PATH:omm00220 omm01230 omm01100]
M00015 Proline biosynthesis, glutamate => proline [PATH:omm00330 omm01230 omm01100]
M00970 Proline degradation, proline => glutamate [PATH:omm00330 omm01100]
M00972 Proline metabolism [PATH:omm00330 omm01100]
M00047 Creatine pathway [PATH:omm00330 omm00260 omm01100]

Polyamine biosynthesis
M00134 Polyamine biosynthesis, arginine => ornithine => putrescine [PATH:omm00330 omm01100]
M00135 GABA biosynthesis, eukaryotes, putrescine => GABA [PATH:omm00330 omm01100]

Histidine metabolism
M00045 Histidine degradation, histidine => N-formiminoglutamate => glutamate [PATH:omm00340 omm01100]

Aromatic amino acid metabolism
M00042 Catecholamine biosynthesis, tyrosine => dopamine => noradrenaline => adrenaline [PATH:omm00350 omm01100]
M00043 Thyroid hormone biosynthesis, tyrosine => triiodothyronine/thyroxine [PATH:omm00350 omm01100]
M00044 Tyrosine degradation, tyrosine => homogentisate [PATH:omm00350 omm01100]
M00037 Melatonin biosynthesis, animals, tryptophan => serotonin => melatonin [PATH:omm00380 omm01100]
M00038 Tryptophan metabolism, tryptophan => kynurenine => 2-aminomuconate [PATH:omm00380 omm01100]

Other amino acid metabolism
M00027 GABA (gamma-Aminobutyrate) shunt [PATH:omm00250 omm00650 omm01100]
M00118 Glutathione biosynthesis, glutamate => glutathione [PATH:omm00480 omm01240 omm01100]

Glycan metabolism
Nucleotide sugar biosynthesis
M00892 UDP-GlcNAc biosynthesis, eukaryotes, Fru-6P => UDP-GlcNAc [PATH:omm00520 omm01250 omm01100]
M01003 UDP-GlcNAc biosynthesis, GlcNAc => UDP-GlcNAc [PATH:omm00520 omm01250 omm01100]
M00549 UDP-Glc biosynthesis, Glc => UDP-Glc [PATH:omm00520 omm01250 omm01100]
M00554 UDP-Gal biosynthesis, Gal => UDP-Gal [PATH:omm00520 omm00052 omm01250 omm01100]
M01000 GDP-Man biosynthesis, Fru-6P => GDP-Man [PATH:omm00520 omm00051 omm01250 omm01100]
M01015 GDP-Man biosynthesis, Man => GDP-Man [PATH:omm00520 omm00051 omm01250 omm01100]
M01001 GDP-L-Fuc biosynthesis, L-Fuc => GDP-L-Fuc [PATH:omm00520 omm01250 omm01100]
M00955 CMP-Neu5Ac/Neu5Gc biosynthesis, animals, UDP-GlcNAc => CMP-Neu5Ac => CMP-Neu5Gc [PATH:omm00541 omm01250 omm01100]
M01016 GDP-L-Fuc biosynthesis, GDP-Man => GDP-L-Fuc [PATH:omm00541 omm00051 omm01250 omm01100]

Glycan biosynthesis
M00055 N-glycan precursor biosynthesis [PATH:omm00510 omm01100]
M00072 N-glycosylation by oligosaccharyltransferase [PATH:omm00510 omm00513 omm01100]
M00073 N-glycan precursor trimming [PATH:omm00510 omm01100]
M00075 N-glycan biosynthesis, complex type [PATH:omm00510 omm01100]
M00872 O-glycan biosynthesis, mannose type (core M3) [PATH:omm00515 omm01100]
M00065 GPI-anchor biosynthesis, core oligosaccharide [PATH:omm00563 omm01100]
M00983 GPI-anchor remodeling [PATH:omm00563 omm01100]
M00070 Glycosphingolipid biosynthesis, lacto-series, LacCer => Lc4Cer [PATH:omm00601 omm01100]
M00071 Glycosphingolipid biosynthesis, neolacto-series, LacCer => nLc4Cer [PATH:omm00601 omm01100]
M00069 Glycosphingolipid biosynthesis, ganglio series, LacCer => GT3 [PATH:omm00604 omm01100]

Glycosaminoglycan metabolism
M00057 Glycosaminoglycan biosynthesis, linkage tetrasaccharide [PATH:omm00532 omm00534 omm01100]
M00058 Glycosaminoglycan biosynthesis, chondroitin sulfate backbone [PATH:omm00532 omm01100]
M00059 Glycosaminoglycan biosynthesis, heparan sulfate backbone [PATH:omm00534 omm01100]
M00076 Dermatan sulfate degradation [PATH:omm00531 omm01100]
M00077 Chondroitin sulfate degradation [PATH:omm00531 omm01100]
M00078 Heparan sulfate degradation [PATH:omm00531 omm01100]
M00079 Keratan sulfate degradation [PATH:omm00531 omm01100]

Lipopolysaccharide metabolism
Other polysaccharide metabolism
Metabolism of cofactors and vitamins
Cofactor and vitamin metabolism
M00912 NAD biosynthesis, tryptophan => quinolinate => NAD [PATH:omm00380 omm00760 omm01240 omm01100]
M00120 Coenzyme A biosynthesis, pantothenate => CoA [PATH:omm00770 omm01240 omm01100]
M00882 Lipoic acid biosynthesis, eukaryotes, octanoyl-ACP => dihydrolipoyl-H [PATH:omm00785 omm01240 omm01100]
M00883 Lipoic acid biosynthesis, animals and bacteria, octanoyl-ACP => dihydrolipoyl-H => dihydrolipoyl-E2 [PATH:omm00785 omm01240 omm01100]
M00842 Tetrahydrobiopterin biosynthesis, GTP => BH4 [PATH:omm00790 omm01240 omm01100]
M00880 Molybdenum cofactor biosynthesis, GTP => molybdenum cofactor [PATH:omm00790 omm01240 omm01100]
M00141 C1-unit interconversion, eukaryotes [PATH:omm00670 omm01240 omm01100]
M00868 Heme biosynthesis, animals and fungi, glycine => heme [PATH:omm00860 omm01240 omm01100]
M00128 Ubiquinone biosynthesis, eukaryotes, 4-hydroxybenzoate + polyprenyl-PP => ubiquinone [PATH:omm00130 omm01240 omm01100]

Biosynthesis of terpenoids and polyketides
Terpenoid backbone biosynthesis
M00095 C5 isoprenoid biosynthesis, mevalonate pathway [PATH:omm00900 omm01100]
M00367 C10-C20 isoprenoid biosynthesis, non-plant eukaryotes [PATH:omm00900 omm01100]

Terpenoid biosynthesis
Macrolide biosynthesis
Enediyne biosynthesis
Type II polyketide biosynthesis
Polyketide sugar unit biosynthesis
Biosynthesis of other secondary metabolites
Biosynthesis of phytochemical compounds
Biosynthesis of beta-lactams
Biosynthesis of other antibiotics
Biosynthesis of other fungal compounds
Biosynthesis of other bacterial compounds
Biosynthesis of other compounds
Xenobiotics biodegradation
Aromatics degradation

Gene set
Pathogenicity
Drug resistance
Plant pathogenicity
Symbiosis
Module set
Metabolic capacity