KEGG Modules

Carbohydrate metabolism
Central carbohydrate metabolism
M00001 Glycolysis (Embden-Meyerhof pathway), glucose => pyruvate [PATH:paqu00010 paqu01200 paqu01100]
M00002 Glycolysis, core module involving three-carbon compounds [PATH:paqu00010 paqu01200 paqu01230 paqu01100]
M00003 Gluconeogenesis, oxaloacetate => fructose-6P [PATH:paqu00010 paqu00020 paqu01100]
M00307 Pyruvate oxidation, pyruvate => acetyl-CoA [PATH:paqu00010 paqu00020 paqu00620 paqu00785 paqu01200 paqu01210 paqu01100]
M00009 Citrate cycle (TCA cycle, Krebs cycle) [PATH:paqu00020 paqu01200 paqu01100]
M00010 Citrate cycle, first carbon oxidation, oxaloacetate => 2-oxoglutarate [PATH:paqu00020 paqu01200 paqu01210 paqu01230 paqu01100]
M00011 Citrate cycle, second carbon oxidation, 2-oxoglutarate => oxaloacetate [PATH:paqu00020 paqu01200 paqu01210 paqu01100]
M00004 Pentose phosphate pathway (Pentose phosphate cycle) [PATH:paqu00030 paqu01200 paqu01100 paqu01120]
M00006 Pentose phosphate pathway, oxidative phase, glucose 6P => ribulose 5P [PATH:paqu00030 paqu01200 paqu01100 paqu01120]
M00007 Pentose phosphate pathway, non-oxidative phase, fructose 6P => ribose 5P [PATH:paqu00030 paqu01200 paqu01230 paqu01100 paqu01120]
M00005 PRPP biosynthesis, ribose 5P => PRPP [PATH:paqu00030 paqu00230 paqu01200 paqu01230 paqu01100]

Other carbohydrate metabolism
M00631 D-Galacturonate degradation (bacteria), D-galacturonate => pyruvate + D-glyceraldehyde 3P [PATH:paqu00040 paqu00030 paqu01100]
M00061 D-Glucuronate degradation, D-glucuronate => pyruvate + D-glyceraldehyde 3P [PATH:paqu00040 paqu00030 paqu01100]
M00632 Galactose degradation, Leloir pathway, galactose => alpha-D-glucose-1P [PATH:paqu00052 paqu01100]
M00552 D-galactonate degradation, De Ley-Doudoroff pathway, D-galactonate => glycerate-3P [PATH:paqu00052 paqu01100]
M00854 Glycogen biosynthesis, glucose-1P => glycogen/starch [PATH:paqu00500 paqu01100]
M00855 Glycogen degradation, glycogen => glucose-6P [PATH:paqu00500 paqu01100]
M00549 Nucleotide sugar biosynthesis, glucose => UDP-glucose [PATH:paqu00520 paqu01250 paqu01100]
M00554 Nucleotide sugar biosynthesis, galactose => UDP-galactose [PATH:paqu00520 paqu00052 paqu01250 paqu01100]
M00909 UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine biosynthesis, prokaryotes, glucose => UDP-GlcNAc [PATH:paqu00520 paqu01250 paqu01100]
M00012 Glyoxylate cycle [PATH:paqu00630 paqu01200 paqu01100 paqu01110]

Energy metabolism
Carbon fixation
M00168 CAM (Crassulacean acid metabolism), dark [PATH:paqu00620 paqu00710 paqu01200 paqu01100 paqu01120]
M00579 Phosphate acetyltransferase-acetate kinase pathway, acetyl-CoA => acetate [PATH:paqu00430 paqu00620 paqu00720 paqu01200 paqu01100 paqu01120]

Methane metabolism
Nitrogen metabolism
M00531 Assimilatory nitrate reduction, nitrate => ammonia [PATH:paqu00910 paqu01100 paqu01120]
M00530 Dissimilatory nitrate reduction, nitrate => ammonia [PATH:paqu00910 paqu01100 paqu01120]

Sulfur metabolism
M00176 Assimilatory sulfate reduction, sulfate => H2S [PATH:paqu00920 paqu01100 paqu01120]

Photosynthesis
ATP synthesis
M00144 NADH:quinone oxidoreductase, prokaryotes [PATH:paqu00190 paqu01100]
M00149 Succinate dehydrogenase, prokaryotes [PATH:paqu00190 paqu01100]
M00150 Fumarate reductase, prokaryotes [PATH:paqu00190 paqu01100]
M00153 Cytochrome bd ubiquinol oxidase [PATH:paqu00190]
M00417 Cytochrome o ubiquinol oxidase [PATH:paqu00190 paqu01100]
M00157 F-type ATPase, prokaryotes and chloroplasts [PATH:paqu00190 paqu01100]

Lipid metabolism
Fatty acid metabolism
M00082 Fatty acid biosynthesis, initiation [PATH:paqu00061 paqu01212 paqu01100]
M00083 Fatty acid biosynthesis, elongation [PATH:paqu00061 paqu01212 paqu01100]
M00086 beta-Oxidation, acyl-CoA synthesis [PATH:paqu00061 paqu00071 paqu01212 paqu01100]
M00087 beta-Oxidation [PATH:paqu00071 paqu01212 paqu01100]

Sterol biosynthesis
Lipid metabolism
M00093 Phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) biosynthesis, PA => PS => PE [PATH:paqu00564 paqu01100]

Nucleotide metabolism
Purine metabolism
M00048 De novo purine biosynthesis, PRPP + glutamine => IMP [PATH:paqu00230 paqu01100]
M00049 Adenine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, IMP => ADP,ATP [PATH:paqu00230 paqu01232 paqu01240 paqu01100]
M00050 Guanine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, IMP => GDP,GTP [PATH:paqu00230 paqu01232 paqu01100]
M00053 Deoxyribonucleotide biosynthesis, ADP/GDP/CDP/UDP => dATP/dGTP/dCTP/dUTP [PATH:paqu00230 paqu00240 paqu01232 paqu01100]

Pyrimidine metabolism
M00051 De novo pyrimidine biosynthesis, glutamine (+ PRPP) => UMP [PATH:paqu00240 paqu01240 paqu01100]
M00052 Pyrimidine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, UMP => UDP/UTP,CDP/CTP [PATH:paqu00240 paqu01232 paqu01240 paqu01100]
M00938 Pyrimidine deoxyribonucleotide biosynthesis, UDP => dTTP [PATH:paqu00240 paqu01232 paqu01100]

Amino acid metabolism
Serine and threonine metabolism
M00020 Serine biosynthesis, glycerate-3P => serine [PATH:paqu00260 paqu00680 paqu01200 paqu01230 paqu01100]
M00018 Threonine biosynthesis, aspartate => homoserine => threonine [PATH:paqu00260 paqu01230 paqu01100 paqu01110]
M00621 Glycine cleavage system [PATH:paqu00260 paqu00630 paqu00785 paqu01200 paqu01100]

Cysteine and methionine metabolism
M00021 Cysteine biosynthesis, serine => cysteine [PATH:paqu00270 paqu00920 paqu01200 paqu01230 paqu01100 paqu01110]
M00017 Methionine biosynthesis, aspartate => homoserine => methionine [PATH:paqu00270 paqu01230 paqu01100]
M00034 Methionine salvage pathway [PATH:paqu00270 paqu01100]

Branched-chain amino acid metabolism
M00019 Valine/isoleucine biosynthesis, pyruvate => valine / 2-oxobutanoate => isoleucine [PATH:paqu00290 paqu00770 paqu01210 paqu01230 paqu01100 paqu01110]
M00570 Isoleucine biosynthesis, threonine => 2-oxobutanoate => isoleucine [PATH:paqu00290 paqu01230 paqu01100]
M00432 Leucine biosynthesis, 2-oxoisovalerate => 2-oxoisocaproate [PATH:paqu00290 paqu01210 paqu01230 paqu01100 paqu01110]

Lysine metabolism
M00016 Lysine biosynthesis, succinyl-DAP pathway, aspartate => lysine [PATH:paqu00300 paqu01230 paqu01100]

Arginine and proline metabolism
M00028 Ornithine biosynthesis, glutamate => ornithine [PATH:paqu00220 paqu01210 paqu01230 paqu01100]
M00844 Arginine biosynthesis, ornithine => arginine [PATH:paqu00220 paqu01230 paqu01100]
M00015 Proline biosynthesis, glutamate => proline [PATH:paqu00330 paqu01230 paqu01100]
M00970 Proline degradation, proline => glutamate [PATH:paqu00330 paqu01100]

Polyamine biosynthesis
Histidine metabolism
M00026 Histidine biosynthesis, PRPP => histidine [PATH:paqu00340 paqu01230 paqu01100 paqu01110]

Aromatic amino acid metabolism
M00022 Shikimate pathway, phosphoenolpyruvate + erythrose-4P => chorismate [PATH:paqu00400 paqu01230 paqu01100 paqu01110]
M00023 Tryptophan biosynthesis, chorismate => tryptophan [PATH:paqu00400 paqu01230 paqu01100 paqu01110]
M00024 Phenylalanine biosynthesis, chorismate => phenylpyruvate => phenylalanine [PATH:paqu00400 paqu01230 paqu01100 paqu01110]
M00025 Tyrosine biosynthesis, chorismate => HPP => tyrosine [PATH:paqu00400 paqu01230 paqu01100]

Other amino acid metabolism
M00118 Glutathione biosynthesis, glutamate => glutathione [PATH:paqu00480 paqu01240 paqu01100]

Glycan metabolism
Glycan biosynthesis
Glycosaminoglycan metabolism
Lipopolysaccharide metabolism
M00060 KDO2-lipid A biosynthesis, Raetz pathway, LpxL-LpxM type [PATH:paqu00540 paqu01100]
M00063 CMP-KDO biosynthesis [PATH:paqu00540 paqu01250 paqu01100]
M00064 ADP-L-glycero-D-manno-heptose biosynthesis [PATH:paqu00540 paqu01250 paqu01100]

Other polysaccharide metabolism
Metabolism of cofactors and vitamins
Cofactor and vitamin metabolism
M00127 Thiamine biosynthesis, prokaryotes, AIR (+ DXP/tyrosine) => TMP/TPP [PATH:paqu00730 paqu01240 paqu01100]
M00125 Riboflavin biosynthesis, plants and bacteria, GTP => riboflavin/FMN/FAD [PATH:paqu00740 paqu01240 paqu01100 paqu01110]
M00124 Pyridoxal-P biosynthesis, erythrose-4P => pyridoxal-P [PATH:paqu00750 paqu01240 paqu01100]
M00115 NAD biosynthesis, aspartate => quinolinate => NAD [PATH:paqu00760 paqu01240 paqu01100]
M00119 Pantothenate biosynthesis, valine/L-aspartate => pantothenate [PATH:paqu00770 paqu01240 paqu01100 paqu01110]
M00120 Coenzyme A biosynthesis, pantothenate => CoA [PATH:paqu00770 paqu01240 paqu01100]
M00572 Pimeloyl-ACP biosynthesis, BioC-BioH pathway, malonyl-ACP => pimeloyl-ACP [PATH:paqu00780 paqu01240 paqu01100]
M00123 Biotin biosynthesis, pimeloyl-ACP/CoA => biotin [PATH:paqu00780 paqu01240 paqu01100]
M00881 Lipoic acid biosynthesis, plants and bacteria, octanoyl-ACP => dihydrolipoyl-E2/H [PATH:paqu00785 paqu01240 paqu01100]
M00126 Tetrahydrofolate biosynthesis, GTP => THF [PATH:paqu00790 paqu00670 paqu01240 paqu01100]
M00880 Molybdenum cofactor biosynthesis, GTP => molybdenum cofactor [PATH:paqu00790 paqu01240 paqu01100]
M00846 Siroheme biosynthesis, glutamyl-tRNA => siroheme [PATH:paqu00860 paqu01240 paqu01100 paqu01110]
M00121 Heme biosynthesis, plants and bacteria, glutamate => heme [PATH:paqu00860 paqu01240 paqu01100 paqu01110]
M00117 Ubiquinone biosynthesis, prokaryotes, chorismate (+ polyprenyl-PP) => ubiquinol [PATH:paqu00130 paqu01240 paqu01100 paqu01110]
M00116 Menaquinone biosynthesis, chorismate (+ polyprenyl-PP) => menaquinol [PATH:paqu00130 paqu01240 paqu01100 paqu01110]

Biosynthesis of terpenoids and polyketides
Terpenoid backbone biosynthesis
M00096 C5 isoprenoid biosynthesis, non-mevalonate pathway [PATH:paqu00900 paqu01100 paqu01110]
M00364 C10-C20 isoprenoid biosynthesis, bacteria [PATH:paqu00900 paqu01100 paqu01110]

Plant terpenoid biosynthesis
Macrolide biosynthesis
Enediyne biosynthesis
Type II polyketide biosynthesis
Polyketide sugar unit biosynthesis
M00793 dTDP-L-rhamnose biosynthesis [PATH:paqu00521 paqu00523 paqu00541 paqu01250 paqu01100 paqu01110]

Biosynthesis of other secondary metabolites
Biosynthesis of phytochemical compounds
Biosynthesis of beta-lactams
Biosynthesis of other antibiotics
Biosynthesis of other fungal compounds
Biosynthesis of other bacterial compounds
Xenobiotics biodegradation
Aromatics degradation

Gene set
Pathogenicity
Drug resistance
Plant pathogenicity
Symbiosis
Module set
Metabolic capacity
M00615 Nitrate assimilation
M00616 Sulfate-sulfur assimilation