KEGG Modules

Carbohydrate metabolism
Central carbohydrate metabolism
M00001 Glycolysis (Embden-Meyerhof pathway), glucose => pyruvate [PATH:pol00010 pol01200 pol01100]
M00002 Glycolysis, core module involving three-carbon compounds [PATH:pol00010 pol01200 pol01230 pol01100]
M00003 Gluconeogenesis, oxaloacetate => fructose-6P [PATH:pol00010 pol00020 pol01100]
M00307 Pyruvate oxidation, pyruvate => acetyl-CoA [PATH:pol00010 pol00020 pol00620 pol00785 pol01200 pol01210 pol01100]
M00009 Citrate cycle (TCA cycle, Krebs cycle) [PATH:pol00020 pol01200 pol01100]
M00010 Citrate cycle, first carbon oxidation, oxaloacetate => 2-oxoglutarate [PATH:pol00020 pol01200 pol01210 pol01230 pol01100]
M00011 Citrate cycle, second carbon oxidation, 2-oxoglutarate => oxaloacetate [PATH:pol00020 pol01200 pol01210 pol01100]
M00004 Pentose phosphate pathway (Pentose phosphate cycle) [PATH:pol00030 pol01200 pol01100 pol01120]
M00006 Pentose phosphate pathway, oxidative phase, glucose 6P => ribulose 5P [PATH:pol00030 pol01200 pol01100 pol01120]
M00007 Pentose phosphate pathway, non-oxidative phase, fructose 6P => ribose 5P [PATH:pol00030 pol01200 pol01230 pol01100 pol01120]
M00005 PRPP biosynthesis, ribose 5P => PRPP [PATH:pol00030 pol00230 pol01200 pol01230 pol01100]
M00008 Entner-Doudoroff pathway, glucose-6P => glyceraldehyde-3P + pyruvate [PATH:pol00030 pol01200 pol01100 pol01120]

Other carbohydrate metabolism
M00631 D-Galacturonate degradation (bacteria), D-galacturonate => pyruvate + D-glyceraldehyde 3P [PATH:pol00040 pol00030 pol01100]
M00632 Galactose degradation, Leloir pathway, galactose => alpha-D-glucose-1P [PATH:pol00052 pol01100]
M00552 D-galactonate degradation, De Ley-Doudoroff pathway, D-galactonate => glycerate-3P [PATH:pol00052 pol01100]
M00854 Glycogen biosynthesis, glucose-1P => glycogen/starch [PATH:pol00500 pol01100]
M00012 Glyoxylate cycle [PATH:pol00630 pol01200 pol01100 pol01110]
M00982 Methylcitrate cycle [PATH:pol00640 pol00020 pol01200 pol01100 pol01120]

Energy metabolism
Carbon fixation
M00168 CAM (Crassulacean acid metabolism), dark [PATH:pol00620 pol00710 pol01200 pol01100 pol01120]
M00579 Phosphate acetyltransferase-acetate kinase pathway, acetyl-CoA => acetate [PATH:pol00430 pol00620 pol00720 pol01200 pol01100 pol01120]

Methane metabolism
Nitrogen metabolism
M00531 Assimilatory nitrate reduction, nitrate => ammonia [PATH:pol00910 pol01310 pol01100 pol01120]

Sulfur metabolism
M00595 Sulfur oxidation, SOX system, thiosulfate => sulfate [PATH:pol00920 pol01320 pol01100 pol01120]
M00985 Sulfide oxidation, sulfide => sulfur [PATH:pol00920 pol01320 pol01100 pol01120]

Photosynthesis
M00597 Anoxygenic photosystem II

ATP synthesis
M00144 NADH:quinone oxidoreductase, prokaryotes [PATH:pol00190 pol01100]
M00149 Succinate dehydrogenase, prokaryotes [PATH:pol00190 pol01100]
M00150 Fumarate reductase, prokaryotes [PATH:pol00190 pol01100]
M00151 Cytochrome bc1 complex respiratory unit [PATH:pol00190 pol01100]
M00155 Cytochrome c oxidase, prokaryotes [PATH:pol00190 pol01100]
M00156 Cytochrome c oxidase, cbb3-type [PATH:pol00190 pol01100]
M00157 F-type ATPase, prokaryotes and chloroplasts [PATH:pol00190 pol01100]

Lipid metabolism
Fatty acid metabolism
M00082 Fatty acid biosynthesis, initiation [PATH:pol00061 pol01212 pol01100]
M00083 Fatty acid biosynthesis, elongation [PATH:pol00061 pol01212 pol01100]
M00086 beta-Oxidation, acyl-CoA synthesis [PATH:pol00061 pol00071 pol01212 pol01100]
M00087 beta-Oxidation [PATH:pol00071 pol01212 pol01100]

Sterol biosynthesis
Lipid metabolism
M00091 Phosphatidylcholine (PC) biosynthesis, PE => PC [PATH:pol00564 pol01100]
M00093 Phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) biosynthesis, PA => PS => PE [PATH:pol00564 pol01100]

Nucleotide metabolism
Purine metabolism
M00048 De novo purine biosynthesis, PRPP + glutamine => IMP [PATH:pol00230 pol01100]
M00049 Adenine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, IMP => ADP,ATP [PATH:pol00230 pol01232 pol01240 pol01100]
M00050 Guanine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, IMP => GDP,GTP [PATH:pol00230 pol01232 pol01100]
M00053 Deoxyribonucleotide biosynthesis, ADP/GDP/CDP/UDP => dATP/dGTP/dCTP/dUTP [PATH:pol00230 pol00240 pol01232 pol01100]
M00958 Adenine ribonucleotide degradation, AMP => Urate [PATH:pol00230 pol01232 pol01100]
M00959 Guanine ribonucleotide degradation, GMP => Urate [PATH:pol00230 pol01232 pol01100]

Pyrimidine metabolism
M00052 Pyrimidine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, UMP => UDP/UTP,CDP/CTP [PATH:pol00240 pol01232 pol01240 pol01100]
M00938 Pyrimidine deoxyribonucleotide biosynthesis, UDP => dTTP [PATH:pol00240 pol01232 pol01100]

Amino acid metabolism
Serine and threonine metabolism
M00020 Serine biosynthesis, glycerate-3P => serine [PATH:pol00260 pol00680 pol01200 pol01230 pol01100]
M00018 Threonine biosynthesis, aspartate => homoserine => threonine [PATH:pol00260 pol01230 pol01100 pol01110]
M00621 Glycine cleavage system [PATH:pol00260 pol00630 pol00670 pol00785 pol01200 pol01100]
M00033 Ectoine biosynthesis, aspartate => ectoine [PATH:pol00260 pol01210 pol01230 pol01100 pol01120]

Cysteine and methionine metabolism
M00021 Cysteine biosynthesis, serine => cysteine [PATH:pol00270 pol00920 pol01320 pol01200 pol01230 pol01100 pol01110]
M00338 Cysteine biosynthesis, homocysteine + serine => cysteine [PATH:pol00260 pol00270 pol00670 pol01230 pol01100]

Branched-chain amino acid metabolism
M00019 Valine/isoleucine biosynthesis, pyruvate => valine / 2-oxobutanoate => isoleucine [PATH:pol00290 pol00770 pol01210 pol01230 pol01100 pol01110]
M00535 Isoleucine biosynthesis, pyruvate => 2-oxobutanoate [PATH:pol00290 pol00660 pol01210 pol01230 pol01100]
M00570 Isoleucine biosynthesis, threonine => 2-oxobutanoate => isoleucine [PATH:pol00290 pol01230 pol01100]
M00432 Leucine biosynthesis, 2-oxoisovalerate => 2-oxoisocaproate [PATH:pol00290 pol01210 pol01230 pol01100 pol01110]
M00036 Leucine degradation, leucine => acetoacetate + acetyl-CoA [PATH:pol00280 pol01100]

Lysine metabolism
M00016 Lysine biosynthesis, succinyl-DAP pathway, aspartate => lysine [PATH:pol00300 pol01230 pol01100]
M00526 Lysine biosynthesis, DAP dehydrogenase pathway, aspartate => lysine [PATH:pol00300 pol01230 pol01100]
M00527 Lysine biosynthesis, DAP aminotransferase pathway, aspartate => lysine [PATH:pol00300 pol01230 pol01100 pol01110]

Arginine and proline metabolism
M00028 Ornithine biosynthesis, glutamate => ornithine [PATH:pol00220 pol01210 pol01230 pol01100]
M00844 Arginine biosynthesis, ornithine => arginine [PATH:pol00220 pol01230 pol01100]
M00015 Proline biosynthesis, glutamate => proline [PATH:pol00330 pol01230 pol01100]
M00970 Proline degradation, proline => glutamate [PATH:pol00330 pol01100]
M00972 Proline metabolism [PATH:pol00330 pol01100]

Polyamine biosynthesis
Histidine metabolism
M00026 Histidine biosynthesis, PRPP => histidine [PATH:pol00340 pol01230 pol01100 pol01110]
M00045 Histidine degradation, histidine => N-formiminoglutamate => glutamate [PATH:pol00340 pol01100]

Aromatic amino acid metabolism
M00022 Shikimate pathway, phosphoenolpyruvate + erythrose-4P => chorismate [PATH:pol00400 pol01230 pol01100 pol01110]
M00023 Tryptophan biosynthesis, chorismate => tryptophan [PATH:pol00400 pol01230 pol01100 pol01110]
M00024 Phenylalanine biosynthesis, chorismate => phenylpyruvate => phenylalanine [PATH:pol00400 pol01230 pol01100 pol01110]
M00025 Tyrosine biosynthesis, chorismate => HPP => tyrosine [PATH:pol00400 pol01230 pol01100]
M00044 Tyrosine degradation, tyrosine => homogentisate [PATH:pol00350 pol01100]
M00038 Tryptophan metabolism, tryptophan => kynurenine => 2-aminomuconate [PATH:pol00380 pol01100]

Other amino acid metabolism
M00118 Glutathione biosynthesis, glutamate => glutathione [PATH:pol00480 pol01240 pol01100]

Glycan metabolism
Nucleotide sugar biosynthesis
M00909 UDP-GlcNAc biosynthesis, prokaryotes, Fru-6P => UDP-GlcNAc [PATH:pol00520 pol01250 pol01100]
M00996 UDP-MurNAc biosynthesis, anhMurNAc => UDP-MurNAc [PATH:pol00520]
M00995 UDP-MurNAc biosynthesis, Fru-6P => UDP-MurNAc [PATH:pol00520]
M00549 UDP-Glc biosynthesis, Glc => UDP-Glc [PATH:pol00520 pol01250 pol01100]
M01004 UDP-Galf biosynthesis, UDP-Glc => UDP-Galf [PATH:pol00520 pol00052]
M00554 UDP-Gal biosynthesis, Gal => UDP-Gal [PATH:pol00520 pol00052 pol01250 pol01100]
M01000 GDP-Man biosynthesis, Fru-6P => GDP-Man [PATH:pol00520]
M00063 CMP-3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonate biosynthesis, ribulose-5P => CMP-KDO [PATH:pol00541 pol01250 pol01100]
M00064 ADP-L-glycero-D-manno-heptose biosynthesis, sedoheptulose-7P => ADP-LDmanHep [PATH:pol00541 pol01250 pol01100]
M00793 dTDP-L-rhamnose biosynthesis, glucose-1P => dTDP-L-Rha [PATH:pol00521 pol00523 pol00541 pol01250 pol01100 pol01110]

Glycan biosynthesis
Glycosaminoglycan metabolism
Lipopolysaccharide metabolism
Other polysaccharide metabolism
Metabolism of cofactors and vitamins
Cofactor and vitamin metabolism
M00125 Riboflavin biosynthesis, plants and bacteria, GTP => riboflavin/FMN/FAD [PATH:pol00740 pol01240 pol01100 pol01110]
M00115 NAD biosynthesis, aspartate => quinolinate => NAD [PATH:pol00760 pol01240 pol01100]
M00912 NAD biosynthesis, tryptophan => quinolinate => NAD [PATH:pol00380 pol00760 pol01240 pol01100]
M00119 Pantothenate biosynthesis, valine/L-aspartate => pantothenate [PATH:pol00770 pol01240 pol01100 pol01110]
M00120 Coenzyme A biosynthesis, pantothenate => CoA [PATH:pol00770 pol01240 pol01100]
M00123 Biotin biosynthesis, pimeloyl-ACP/CoA => biotin [PATH:pol00780 pol01240 pol01100]
M00881 Lipoic acid biosynthesis, plants and bacteria, octanoyl-ACP => dihydrolipoyl-E2/H [PATH:pol00785 pol01240 pol01100]
M00126 Tetrahydrofolate biosynthesis, GTP => THF [PATH:pol00790 pol00670 pol01240 pol01100]
M00880 Molybdenum cofactor biosynthesis, GTP => molybdenum cofactor [PATH:pol00790 pol01240 pol01100]
M00988 PreQ1 biosynthesis, GTP => 7-Aminomethyl-7-deazaguanine [PATH:pol00790 pol01100]
M00140 C1-unit interconversion, prokaryotes [PATH:pol00670 pol01240 pol01100]
M00846 Siroheme biosynthesis, glutamyl-tRNA => siroheme [PATH:pol00860 pol01240 pol01100 pol01110]
M00121 Heme biosynthesis, plants and bacteria, glutamate => heme [PATH:pol00860 pol01240 pol01100 pol01110]
M00122 Cobalamin biosynthesis, cobyrinate a,c-diamide => cobalamin [PATH:pol00860 pol01240 pol01100]
M00117 Ubiquinone biosynthesis, prokaryotes, chorismate (+ polyprenyl-PP) => ubiquinol [PATH:pol00130 pol01240 pol01100 pol01110]
M00989 Ubiquinone biosynthesis, O2-independent, prokaryotes, chorismate (+ polyprenyl-PP) => ubiquinol [PATH:pol00130 pol01240 pol01100 pol01110]

Biosynthesis of terpenoids and polyketides
Terpenoid backbone biosynthesis
M00364 C10-C20 isoprenoid biosynthesis, bacteria [PATH:pol00900 pol01100 pol01110]

Plant terpenoid biosynthesis
Macrolide biosynthesis
Enediyne biosynthesis
Type II polyketide biosynthesis
Polyketide sugar unit biosynthesis
Biosynthesis of other secondary metabolites
Biosynthesis of phytochemical compounds
Biosynthesis of beta-lactams
Biosynthesis of other antibiotics
Biosynthesis of other fungal compounds
Biosynthesis of other bacterial compounds
Xenobiotics biodegradation
Aromatics degradation
M00638 Salicylate degradation, salicylate => gentisate [PATH:pol00626 pol01100 pol01120]
M00623 Phthalate degradation, phthalate => protocatechuate [PATH:pol00624 pol01220 pol01100 pol01120]

Gene set
Pathogenicity
Drug resistance
M00698 Multidrug resistance, efflux pump BpeEF-OprC

Plant pathogenicity
Symbiosis
Module set
Metabolic capacity
M00615 Nitrate assimilation