KEGG Modules

Carbohydrate metabolism
Central carbohydrate metabolism
M00001 Glycolysis (Embden-Meyerhof pathway), glucose => pyruvate [PATH:ppap00010 ppap01200 ppap01100]
M00002 Glycolysis, core module involving three-carbon compounds [PATH:ppap00010 ppap01200 ppap01230 ppap01100]
M00003 Gluconeogenesis, oxaloacetate => fructose-6P [PATH:ppap00010 ppap00020 ppap01100]
M00009 Citrate cycle (TCA cycle, Krebs cycle) [PATH:ppap00020 ppap01200 ppap01100]
M00010 Citrate cycle, first carbon oxidation, oxaloacetate => 2-oxoglutarate [PATH:ppap00020 ppap01200 ppap01210 ppap01230 ppap01100]
M00011 Citrate cycle, second carbon oxidation, 2-oxoglutarate => oxaloacetate [PATH:ppap00020 ppap01200 ppap01210 ppap01100]
M00004 Pentose phosphate pathway (Pentose phosphate cycle) [PATH:ppap00030 ppap01200 ppap01100]
M00006 Pentose phosphate pathway, oxidative phase, glucose-6P => ribulose-5P [PATH:ppap00030 ppap01200 ppap01100]
M00007 Pentose phosphate pathway, non-oxidative phase, fructose-6P => ribose-5P [PATH:ppap00030 ppap01200 ppap01230 ppap01100]
M00005 PRPP biosynthesis, ribose-5P => PRPP [PATH:ppap00030 ppap00230 ppap01200 ppap01230 ppap01100]

Other carbohydrate metabolism
M00014 Glucuronate pathway (uronate pathway) [PATH:ppap00040 ppap01100]
M00632 Galactose degradation, Leloir pathway, galactose => alpha-D-glucose-1P [PATH:ppap00052 ppap01100]
M00855 Glycogen degradation, glycogen => glucose-6P [PATH:ppap00500 ppap01100]
M00013 Malonate semialdehyde pathway, propanoyl-CoA => acetyl-CoA [PATH:ppap00410 ppap00640 ppap01200 ppap01100]
M00130 Inositol phosphate metabolism, PI=> PIP2 => Ins(1,4,5)P3 => Ins(1,3,4,5)P4 [PATH:ppap00562 ppap01100]
M00131 Inositol phosphate metabolism, Ins(1,3,4,5)P4 => Ins(1,3,4)P3 => myo-inositol [PATH:ppap00562 ppap01100]

Energy metabolism
Carbon fixation
Methane metabolism
Nitrogen metabolism
Sulfur metabolism
Photosynthesis
ATP synthesis
M00142 NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase, mitochondria [PATH:ppap00190 ppap01100]
M00143 NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) Fe-S protein/flavoprotein complex, mitochondria [PATH:ppap00190 ppap01100]
M00148 Succinate dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) [PATH:ppap00190 ppap01100]
M00151 Cytochrome bc1 complex respiratory unit [PATH:ppap00190 ppap01100]
M00158 F-type ATPase, eukaryotes [PATH:ppap00190 ppap01100]
M00160 V-type ATPase, eukaryotes [PATH:ppap00190 ppap01100]

Lipid metabolism
Fatty acid metabolism
M00082 Fatty acid biosynthesis, initiation [PATH:ppap00061 ppap01212 ppap01100]
M00083 Fatty acid biosynthesis, elongation [PATH:ppap00061 ppap01212 ppap01100]
M00085 Fatty acid elongation in mitochondria [PATH:ppap00062 ppap01212 ppap01100]
M00415 Fatty acid elongation in endoplasmic reticulum [PATH:ppap00062 ppap01040 ppap01212 ppap01100]
M00086 beta-Oxidation, acyl-CoA synthesis [PATH:ppap00061 ppap00071 ppap01212 ppap01100]
M00087 beta-Oxidation [PATH:ppap00071 ppap01212 ppap01100]
M00861 beta-Oxidation, peroxisome, VLCFA [PATH:ppap01040 ppap01212 ppap01100]

Sterol biosynthesis
Lipid metabolism
M00089 Triacylglycerol biosynthesis [PATH:ppap00561 ppap01100]
M00098 Acylglycerol degradation [PATH:ppap00561 ppap01100]
M00090 Phosphatidylcholine (PC) biosynthesis, choline => PC [PATH:ppap00564 ppap01100]
M00092 Phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) biosynthesis, ethanolamine => PE [PATH:ppap00564 ppap01100]
M00094 Ceramide biosynthesis [PATH:ppap00600 ppap01100]
M00099 Sphingosine biosynthesis [PATH:ppap00600 ppap01100]
M00100 Sphingosine degradation [PATH:ppap00600 ppap01100]

Nucleotide metabolism
Purine metabolism
M00049 Adenine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, IMP => ADP,ATP [PATH:ppap00230 ppap01232 ppap01240 ppap01100]
M00050 Guanine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, IMP => GDP,GTP [PATH:ppap00230 ppap01232 ppap01100]
M00053 Deoxyribonucleotide biosynthesis, ADP/GDP/CDP/UDP => dATP/dGTP/dCTP/dUTP [PATH:ppap00230 ppap00240 ppap01232 ppap01100]
M00958 Adenine ribonucleotide degradation, AMP => Urate [PATH:ppap00230 ppap01232 ppap01100]
M00959 Guanine ribonucleotide degradation, GMP => Urate [PATH:ppap00230 ppap01232 ppap01100]

Pyrimidine metabolism
M00051 De novo pyrimidine biosynthesis, glutamine (+ PRPP) => UMP [PATH:ppap00240 ppap01240 ppap01100]
M00052 Pyrimidine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, UMP => UDP/UTP,CDP/CTP [PATH:ppap00240 ppap01232 ppap01240 ppap01100]
M00938 Pyrimidine deoxyribonucleotide biosynthesis, UDP => dTTP [PATH:ppap00240 ppap01232 ppap01100]

Amino acid metabolism
Serine and threonine metabolism
M00020 Serine biosynthesis, glycerate-3P => serine [PATH:ppap00260 ppap01200 ppap01230 ppap01100]
M00621 Glycine cleavage system [PATH:ppap00260 ppap00630 ppap00670 ppap00785 ppap01200 ppap01100]

Cysteine and methionine metabolism
M00338 Cysteine biosynthesis, homocysteine + serine => cysteine [PATH:ppap00260 ppap00270 ppap00670 ppap01230 ppap01100]
M00035 Methionine degradation [PATH:ppap00270 ppap00670 ppap01100]

Branched-chain amino acid metabolism
M00036 Leucine degradation, leucine => acetoacetate + acetyl-CoA [PATH:ppap00280 ppap01100]

Lysine metabolism
Arginine and proline metabolism
M00015 Proline biosynthesis, glutamate => proline [PATH:ppap00330 ppap01230 ppap01100]
M00970 Proline degradation, proline => glutamate [PATH:ppap00330 ppap01100]
M00972 Proline metabolism [PATH:ppap00330 ppap01100]

Polyamine biosynthesis
M00134 Polyamine biosynthesis, arginine => ornithine => putrescine [PATH:ppap00330 ppap01100]

Histidine metabolism
Aromatic amino acid metabolism
M00044 Tyrosine degradation, tyrosine => homogentisate [PATH:ppap00350 ppap01100]

Other amino acid metabolism
M00027 GABA (gamma-Aminobutyrate) shunt [PATH:ppap00250 ppap00650 ppap01100]
M00118 Glutathione biosynthesis, glutamate => glutathione [PATH:ppap00480 ppap01240 ppap01100]

Glycan metabolism
Nucleotide sugar biosynthesis
M00892 UDP-GlcNAc biosynthesis, eukaryotes, Fru-6P => UDP-GlcNAc [PATH:ppap00520 ppap01250 ppap01100]
M01003 UDP-GlcNAc biosynthesis, GlcNAc => UDP-GlcNAc [PATH:ppap00520 ppap01250 ppap01100]
M00549 UDP-Glc biosynthesis, Glc => UDP-Glc [PATH:ppap00520 ppap01250 ppap01100]
M00554 UDP-Gal biosynthesis, Gal => UDP-Gal [PATH:ppap00520 ppap00052 ppap01250 ppap01100]
M01000 GDP-Man biosynthesis, Fru-6P => GDP-Man [PATH:ppap00520 ppap00051 ppap01250 ppap01100]
M01015 GDP-Man biosynthesis, Man => GDP-Man [PATH:ppap00520 ppap00051 ppap01250 ppap01100]
M01016 GDP-L-Fuc biosynthesis, GDP-Man => GDP-L-Fuc [PATH:ppap00541 ppap00051 ppap01250 ppap01100]

Glycan biosynthesis
M00072 N-glycosylation by oligosaccharyltransferase [PATH:ppap00510 ppap00513 ppap01100]
M00073 N-glycan precursor trimming [PATH:ppap00510 ppap01100]
M00983 GPI-anchor remodeling [PATH:ppap00563 ppap01100]

Glycosaminoglycan metabolism
M00057 Glycosaminoglycan biosynthesis, linkage tetrasaccharide [PATH:ppap00532 ppap00534 ppap01100]
M00058 Glycosaminoglycan biosynthesis, chondroitin sulfate backbone [PATH:ppap00532 ppap01100]
M00059 Glycosaminoglycan biosynthesis, heparan sulfate backbone [PATH:ppap00534 ppap01100]
M00076 Dermatan sulfate degradation [PATH:ppap00531 ppap01100]

Lipopolysaccharide metabolism
Other polysaccharide metabolism
Metabolism of cofactors and vitamins
Cofactor and vitamin metabolism
M00120 Coenzyme A biosynthesis, pantothenate => CoA [PATH:ppap00770 ppap01240 ppap01100]
M00882 Lipoic acid biosynthesis, eukaryotes, octanoyl-ACP => dihydrolipoyl-H [PATH:ppap00785 ppap01240 ppap01100]
M00883 Lipoic acid biosynthesis, animals and bacteria, octanoyl-ACP => dihydrolipoyl-H => dihydrolipoyl-E2 [PATH:ppap00785 ppap01240 ppap01100]
M00842 Tetrahydrobiopterin biosynthesis, GTP => BH4 [PATH:ppap00790 ppap01240 ppap01100]
M00880 Molybdenum cofactor biosynthesis, GTP => molybdenum cofactor [PATH:ppap00790 ppap01240 ppap01100]
M00141 C1-unit interconversion, eukaryotes [PATH:ppap00670 ppap01240 ppap01100]
M00868 Heme biosynthesis, animals and fungi, glycine => heme [PATH:ppap00860 ppap01240 ppap01100]
M00128 Ubiquinone biosynthesis, eukaryotes, 4-hydroxybenzoate + polyprenyl-PP => ubiquinone [PATH:ppap00130 ppap01240 ppap01100]

Biosynthesis of terpenoids and polyketides
Terpenoid backbone biosynthesis
M00095 C5 isoprenoid biosynthesis, mevalonate pathway [PATH:ppap00900 ppap01100]
M00367 C10-C20 isoprenoid biosynthesis, non-plant eukaryotes [PATH:ppap00900 ppap01100]

Terpenoid biosynthesis
Macrolide biosynthesis
Enediyne biosynthesis
Type II polyketide biosynthesis
Polyketide sugar unit biosynthesis
Biosynthesis of other secondary metabolites
Biosynthesis of phytochemical compounds
Biosynthesis of beta-lactams
Biosynthesis of other antibiotics
Biosynthesis of other fungal compounds
Biosynthesis of other bacterial compounds
Biosynthesis of other compounds
M01047 Juvenile hormone biosynthesis, insects, farnesyl-PP => juvenile hormone III [PATH:ppap00981 ppap01100]
M01013 Molting hormone biosynthesis, insects, 2,22,25-trideoxyecdysone => ecdysone => 20-hydroxyecdysone [PATH:ppap00981 ppap01100]

Xenobiotics biodegradation
Aromatics degradation

Gene set
Pathogenicity
Drug resistance
Plant pathogenicity
Symbiosis
Module set
Metabolic capacity