KEGG Modules

Carbohydrate metabolism
Central carbohydrate metabolism
M00001 Glycolysis (Embden-Meyerhof pathway), glucose => pyruvate [PATH:sega00010 sega01200 sega01100]
M00002 Glycolysis, core module involving three-carbon compounds [PATH:sega00010 sega01200 sega01230 sega01100]
M00003 Gluconeogenesis, oxaloacetate => fructose-6P [PATH:sega00010 sega00020 sega01100]
M00307 Pyruvate oxidation, pyruvate => acetyl-CoA [PATH:sega00010 sega00020 sega00620 sega00785 sega01200 sega01210 sega01100]
M00009 Citrate cycle (TCA cycle, Krebs cycle) [PATH:sega00020 sega01200 sega01100]
M00010 Citrate cycle, first carbon oxidation, oxaloacetate => 2-oxoglutarate [PATH:sega00020 sega01200 sega01210 sega01230 sega01100]
M00011 Citrate cycle, second carbon oxidation, 2-oxoglutarate => oxaloacetate [PATH:sega00020 sega01200 sega01210 sega01100]
M00004 Pentose phosphate pathway (Pentose phosphate cycle) [PATH:sega00030 sega01200 sega01100 sega01120]
M00006 Pentose phosphate pathway, oxidative phase, glucose-6P => ribulose-5P [PATH:sega00030 sega01200 sega01100 sega01120]
M00007 Pentose phosphate pathway, non-oxidative phase, fructose-6P => ribose-5P [PATH:sega00030 sega01200 sega01230 sega01100 sega01120]
M00005 PRPP biosynthesis, ribose-5P => PRPP [PATH:sega00030 sega00230 sega01200 sega01230 sega01100]
M00008 Entner-Doudoroff pathway, glucose-6P => glyceraldehyde-3P + pyruvate [PATH:sega00030 sega01200 sega01100 sega01120]

Other carbohydrate metabolism
M00061 D-Glucuronate degradation, D-glucuronate => pyruvate + D-glyceraldehyde-3P [PATH:sega00040 sega00030 sega01100]
M00632 Galactose degradation, Leloir pathway, galactose => alpha-D-glucose-1P [PATH:sega00052 sega01100]
M00552 D-galactonate degradation, De Ley-Doudoroff pathway, D-galactonate => glycerate-3P [PATH:sega00052 sega01100]
M00550 Ascorbate degradation, ascorbate => D-xylulose-5P [PATH:sega00053 sega01100 sega01120]
M00855 Glycogen degradation, glycogen => glucose-6P [PATH:sega00500 sega01100]
M00012 Glyoxylate cycle [PATH:sega00630 sega01200 sega01100 sega01110]
M00982 Methylcitrate cycle [PATH:sega00640 sega00020 sega01200 sega01100 sega01120]
M01049 Sulfoquinovose degradation, sulfoglycolytic Embden-Meyerhof pathway, beta-sulfoquinovose => (S)-DHPS [PATH:sega00566]

Energy metabolism
Carbon fixation
M00168 CAM (Crassulacean acid metabolism), dark [PATH:sega00620 sega00710 sega01200 sega01100 sega01120]
M00579 Phosphate acetyltransferase-acetate kinase pathway, acetyl-CoA => acetate [PATH:sega00430 sega00620 sega00720 sega01200 sega01100 sega01120]

Methane metabolism
Nitrogen metabolism
M00530 Dissimilatory nitrate reduction, nitrate => ammonia [PATH:sega00910 sega01310 sega01100 sega01120]

Sulfur metabolism
M00176 Assimilatory sulfate reduction, sulfate => H2S [PATH:sega00920 sega01320 sega01100 sega01120]

Photosynthesis
ATP synthesis
M00144 NADH:quinone oxidoreductase, prokaryotes [PATH:sega00190 sega01100]
M00149 Succinate dehydrogenase, prokaryotes [PATH:sega00190 sega01100]
M00150 Fumarate reductase, prokaryotes [PATH:sega00190 sega01100]
M00153 Cytochrome bd ubiquinol oxidase [PATH:sega00190 sega01100]
M00417 Cytochrome o ubiquinol oxidase [PATH:sega00190 sega01100]
M00157 F-type ATPase, prokaryotes and chloroplasts [PATH:sega00190 sega01100]

Lipid metabolism
Fatty acid metabolism
M00082 Fatty acid biosynthesis, initiation [PATH:sega00061 sega01212 sega01100]
M00083 Fatty acid biosynthesis, elongation [PATH:sega00061 sega01212 sega01100]
M00086 beta-Oxidation, acyl-CoA synthesis [PATH:sega00061 sega00071 sega01212 sega01100]
M00087 beta-Oxidation [PATH:sega00071 sega01212 sega01100]

Sterol biosynthesis
Lipid metabolism
M00093 Phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) biosynthesis, PA => PS => PE [PATH:sega00564 sega01100]

Nucleotide metabolism
Purine metabolism
M00048 De novo purine biosynthesis, PRPP + glutamine => IMP [PATH:sega00230 sega01100]
M00049 Adenine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, IMP => ADP,ATP [PATH:sega00230 sega01232 sega01240 sega01100]
M00050 Guanine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, IMP => GDP,GTP [PATH:sega00230 sega01232 sega01100]
M00053 Deoxyribonucleotide biosynthesis, ADP/GDP/CDP/UDP => dATP/dGTP/dCTP/dUTP [PATH:sega00230 sega00240 sega01232 sega01100]

Pyrimidine metabolism
M00051 De novo pyrimidine biosynthesis, glutamine (+ PRPP) => UMP [PATH:sega00240 sega01240 sega01100]
M00052 Pyrimidine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, UMP => UDP/UTP,CDP/CTP [PATH:sega00240 sega01232 sega01240 sega01100]
M00938 Pyrimidine deoxyribonucleotide biosynthesis, UDP => dTTP [PATH:sega00240 sega01232 sega01100]

Amino acid metabolism
Serine and threonine metabolism
M00020 Serine biosynthesis, glycerate-3P => serine [PATH:sega00260 sega00680 sega01200 sega01230 sega01100]
M00018 Threonine biosynthesis, aspartate => homoserine => threonine [PATH:sega00260 sega01230 sega01100 sega01110]
M00621 Glycine cleavage system [PATH:sega00260 sega00630 sega00670 sega00785 sega01200 sega01100]

Cysteine and methionine metabolism
M00021 Cysteine biosynthesis, serine => cysteine [PATH:sega00270 sega00920 sega01320 sega01200 sega01230 sega01100 sega01110]
M00017 Methionine biosynthesis, aspartate => homoserine => methionine [PATH:sega00270 sega01230 sega01100]

Branched-chain amino acid metabolism
M00019 Valine/isoleucine biosynthesis, pyruvate => valine / 2-oxobutanoate => isoleucine [PATH:sega00290 sega00770 sega01210 sega01230 sega01100 sega01110]
M00570 Isoleucine biosynthesis, threonine => 2-oxobutanoate => isoleucine [PATH:sega00290 sega01230 sega01100]

Lysine metabolism
M00016 Lysine biosynthesis, succinyl-DAP pathway, aspartate => lysine [PATH:sega00300 sega01230 sega01100]

Arginine and proline metabolism
M00028 Ornithine biosynthesis, glutamate => ornithine [PATH:sega00220 sega01210 sega01230 sega01100]
M00844 Arginine biosynthesis, ornithine => arginine [PATH:sega00220 sega01230 sega01100]
M00015 Proline biosynthesis, glutamate => proline [PATH:sega00330 sega01230 sega01100]
M00970 Proline degradation, proline => glutamate [PATH:sega00330 sega01100]

Polyamine biosynthesis
M00133 Polyamine biosynthesis, arginine => agmatine => putrescine => spermidine [PATH:sega00330 sega01100]

Histidine metabolism
M00026 Histidine biosynthesis, PRPP => histidine [PATH:sega00340 sega01230 sega01100 sega01110]
M00045 Histidine degradation, histidine => N-formiminoglutamate => glutamate [PATH:sega00340 sega01100]

Aromatic amino acid metabolism
M00022 Shikimate pathway, phosphoenolpyruvate + erythrose-4P => chorismate [PATH:sega00400 sega01230 sega01100 sega01110]
M00023 Tryptophan biosynthesis, chorismate => tryptophan [PATH:sega00400 sega01230 sega01100 sega01110]
M00024 Phenylalanine biosynthesis, chorismate => phenylpyruvate => phenylalanine [PATH:sega00400 sega01230 sega01100 sega01110]
M00025 Tyrosine biosynthesis, chorismate => HPP => tyrosine [PATH:sega00400 sega01230 sega01100]
M00533 Homoprotocatechuate degradation, homoprotocatechuate => 2-oxohept-3-enedioate [PATH:sega00350 sega01220 sega01100 sega01120]

Other amino acid metabolism
M00118 Glutathione biosynthesis, glutamate => glutathione [PATH:sega00480 sega01240 sega01100]

Glycan metabolism
Nucleotide sugar biosynthesis
M00909 UDP-GlcNAc biosynthesis, prokaryotes, Fru-6P => UDP-GlcNAc [PATH:sega00520 sega01250 sega01100]
M00995 UDP-MurNAc biosynthesis, Fru-6P => UDP-MurNAc [PATH:sega00520 sega01250 sega01100]
M00549 UDP-Glc biosynthesis, Glc => UDP-Glc [PATH:sega00520 sega01250 sega01100]
M00554 UDP-Gal biosynthesis, Gal => UDP-Gal [PATH:sega00520 sega00052 sega01250 sega01100]
M01000 GDP-Man biosynthesis, Fru-6P => GDP-Man [PATH:sega00520 sega00051 sega01250 sega01100]
M00063 CMP-KDO biosynthesis, ribulose-5P => CMP-KDO [PATH:sega00541 sega01250 sega01100]
M01014 UDP-ManNAcA biosynthesis, UDP-GlcNAc => UDP-ManNAcA [PATH:sega00541 sega01250 sega01100]
M00064 ADP-LDmanHep biosynthesis, sedoheptulose-7P => ADP-LDmanHep [PATH:sega00541 sega01250 sega01100]
M00761 Und-P-alpha-L-Ara4N biosynthesis, UDP-Glc => UDP-L-Ara4FN => Und-P-alpha-L-Ara4N [PATH:sega00541 sega01250 sega01100]
M01029 CDP-Tyv biosynthesis, Glc-1P => CDP-Par => CDP-Tyv [PATH:sega00541 sega01250 sega01100]
M00793 dTDP-L-Rha biosynthesis, Glc-1P => dTDP-L-Rha [PATH:sega00521 sega00523 sega00541 sega01250 sega01100 sega01110]
M01025 dTDP-D-Fuc4NAc biosynthesis, Glc-1P => dTDP-D-Fuc4NAc [PATH:sega00541 sega01250 sega01100]
M01016 GDP-L-Fuc biosynthesis, GDP-Man => GDP-L-Fuc [PATH:sega00541 sega00051 sega01250 sega01100]

Glycan biosynthesis
Glycosaminoglycan metabolism
Lipopolysaccharide metabolism
M00060 KDO2-lipid A biosynthesis, Raetz pathway, LpxL-LpxM type [PATH:sega00540 sega01100]

Other polysaccharide metabolism
Metabolism of cofactors and vitamins
Cofactor and vitamin metabolism
M00127 Thiamine biosynthesis, prokaryotes, AIR (+ DXP/tyrosine) => TMP/TPP [PATH:sega00730 sega01240 sega01100]
M00899 Thiamine salvage pathway, HMP/HET => TMP [PATH:sega00730 sega01100]
M00125 Riboflavin biosynthesis, plants and bacteria, GTP => riboflavin/FMN/FAD [PATH:sega00740 sega01240 sega01100 sega01110]
M00124 Pyridoxal phosphate biosynthesis, erythrose-4P => pyridoxal-P [PATH:sega00750 sega01240 sega01100]
M00115 NAD biosynthesis, aspartate => quinolinate => NAD [PATH:sega00760 sega01240 sega01100]
M00119 Pantothenate biosynthesis, valine/L-aspartate => pantothenate [PATH:sega00770 sega01240 sega01100 sega01110]
M00120 Coenzyme A biosynthesis, pantothenate => CoA [PATH:sega00770 sega01240 sega01100]
M00572 Pimeloyl-ACP biosynthesis, BioC-BioH pathway, malonyl-ACP => pimeloyl-ACP [PATH:sega00780 sega01240 sega01100]
M00123 Biotin biosynthesis, pimeloyl-ACP/CoA => biotin [PATH:sega00780 sega01240 sega01100]
M00881 Lipoic acid biosynthesis, plants and bacteria, octanoyl-ACP => dihydrolipoyl-E2/H [PATH:sega00785 sega01240 sega01100]
M00126 Tetrahydrofolate biosynthesis, GTP => THF [PATH:sega00790 sega00670 sega01240 sega01100]
M00880 Molybdenum cofactor biosynthesis, GTP => molybdenum cofactor [PATH:sega00790 sega01240 sega01100]
M00988 PreQ1 biosynthesis, GTP => 7-Aminomethyl-7-deazaguanine [PATH:sega00790 sega01100]
M00924 Cobalamin biosynthesis, anaerobic, uroporphyrinogen III => sirohydrochlorin => cobyrinate a,c-diamide [PATH:sega00860 sega01240 sega01100]
M00122 Cobalamin biosynthesis, cobyrinate a,c-diamide => cobalamin [PATH:sega00860 sega01240 sega01100]
M00117 Ubiquinone biosynthesis, prokaryotes, chorismate (+ polyprenyl-PP) => ubiquinol [PATH:sega00130 sega01240 sega01100 sega01110]
M00989 Ubiquinone biosynthesis, O2-independent, prokaryotes, chorismate (+ polyprenyl-PP) => ubiquinol [PATH:sega00130 sega01240 sega01100 sega01110]
M00116 Menaquinone biosynthesis, chorismate (+ polyprenyl-PP) => menaquinol [PATH:sega00130 sega01240 sega01100 sega01110]

Biosynthesis of terpenoids and polyketides
Terpenoid backbone biosynthesis
M00096 C5 isoprenoid biosynthesis, non-mevalonate pathway [PATH:sega00900 sega01100 sega01110]
M00364 C10-C20 isoprenoid biosynthesis, bacteria [PATH:sega00900 sega01100 sega01110]

Terpenoid biosynthesis
Macrolide biosynthesis
Enediyne biosynthesis
Type II polyketide biosynthesis
Polyketide sugar unit biosynthesis
Biosynthesis of other secondary metabolites
Biosynthesis of phytochemical compounds
Biosynthesis of beta-lactams
Biosynthesis of other antibiotics
Biosynthesis of other fungal compounds
Biosynthesis of other bacterial compounds
Biosynthesis of other compounds
Xenobiotics biodegradation
Aromatics degradation

Gene set
Pathogenicity
Drug resistance
M00744 Cationic antimicrobial peptide (CAMP) resistance, protease PgtE
M00696 Multidrug resistance, efflux pump AcrEF-TolC

Plant pathogenicity
Symbiosis
Module set
Metabolic capacity