KEGG Modules

Carbohydrate metabolism
Central carbohydrate metabolism
M00001 Glycolysis (Embden-Meyerhof pathway), glucose => pyruvate [PATH:sek00010 sek01200 sek01100]
M00002 Glycolysis, core module involving three-carbon compounds [PATH:sek00010 sek01200 sek01230 sek01100]
M00003 Gluconeogenesis, oxaloacetate => fructose-6P [PATH:sek00010 sek00020 sek01100]
M00307 Pyruvate oxidation, pyruvate => acetyl-CoA [PATH:sek00010 sek00020 sek00620 sek00785 sek01200 sek01210 sek01100]
M00009 Citrate cycle (TCA cycle, Krebs cycle) [PATH:sek00020 sek01200 sek01100]
M00010 Citrate cycle, first carbon oxidation, oxaloacetate => 2-oxoglutarate [PATH:sek00020 sek01200 sek01210 sek01230 sek01100]
M00011 Citrate cycle, second carbon oxidation, 2-oxoglutarate => oxaloacetate [PATH:sek00020 sek01200 sek01210 sek01100]
M00004 Pentose phosphate pathway (Pentose phosphate cycle) [PATH:sek00030 sek01200 sek01100 sek01120]
M00006 Pentose phosphate pathway, oxidative phase, glucose 6P => ribulose 5P [PATH:sek00030 sek01200 sek01100 sek01120]
M00007 Pentose phosphate pathway, non-oxidative phase, fructose 6P => ribose 5P [PATH:sek00030 sek01200 sek01230 sek01100 sek01120]
M00005 PRPP biosynthesis, ribose 5P => PRPP [PATH:sek00030 sek00230 sek01200 sek01230 sek01100]
M00008 Entner-Doudoroff pathway, glucose-6P => glyceraldehyde-3P + pyruvate [PATH:sek00030 sek01200 sek01100 sek01120]

Other carbohydrate metabolism
M00061 D-Glucuronate degradation, D-glucuronate => pyruvate + D-glyceraldehyde 3P [PATH:sek00040 sek00030 sek01100]
M00632 Galactose degradation, Leloir pathway, galactose => alpha-D-glucose-1P [PATH:sek00052 sek01100]
M00550 Ascorbate degradation, ascorbate => D-xylulose-5P [PATH:sek00053 sek01100 sek01120]
M00854 Glycogen biosynthesis, glucose-1P => glycogen/starch [PATH:sek00500 sek01100]
M00855 Glycogen degradation, glycogen => glucose-6P [PATH:sek00500 sek01100]
M00565 Trehalose biosynthesis, D-glucose 1P => trehalose [PATH:sek00500 sek01100 sek01110]
M00012 Glyoxylate cycle [PATH:sek00630 sek01200 sek01100 sek01110]
M00982 Methylcitrate cycle [PATH:sek00640 sek00020 sek01200 sek01100 sek01120]

Energy metabolism
Carbon fixation
M00168 CAM (Crassulacean acid metabolism), dark [PATH:sek00620 sek00710 sek01200 sek01100 sek01120]
M00579 Phosphate acetyltransferase-acetate kinase pathway, acetyl-CoA => acetate [PATH:sek00430 sek00620 sek00720 sek01200 sek01100 sek01120]

Methane metabolism
Nitrogen metabolism
M00530 Dissimilatory nitrate reduction, nitrate => ammonia [PATH:sek00910 sek01310 sek01100 sek01120]

Sulfur metabolism
M00176 Assimilatory sulfate reduction, sulfate => H2S [PATH:sek00920 sek01320 sek01100 sek01120]

Photosynthesis
ATP synthesis
M00144 NADH:quinone oxidoreductase, prokaryotes [PATH:sek00190 sek01100]
M00149 Succinate dehydrogenase, prokaryotes [PATH:sek00190 sek01100]
M00150 Fumarate reductase, prokaryotes [PATH:sek00190 sek01100]
M00153 Cytochrome bd ubiquinol oxidase [PATH:sek00190]
M00417 Cytochrome o ubiquinol oxidase [PATH:sek00190 sek01100]
M00157 F-type ATPase, prokaryotes and chloroplasts [PATH:sek00190 sek01100]

Lipid metabolism
Fatty acid metabolism
M00082 Fatty acid biosynthesis, initiation [PATH:sek00061 sek01212 sek01100]
M00083 Fatty acid biosynthesis, elongation [PATH:sek00061 sek01212 sek01100]
M00086 beta-Oxidation, acyl-CoA synthesis [PATH:sek00061 sek00071 sek01212 sek01100]
M00087 beta-Oxidation [PATH:sek00071 sek01212 sek01100]

Sterol biosynthesis
Lipid metabolism
M00093 Phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) biosynthesis, PA => PS => PE [PATH:sek00564 sek01100]

Nucleotide metabolism
Purine metabolism
M00048 De novo purine biosynthesis, PRPP + glutamine => IMP [PATH:sek00230 sek01100]
M00049 Adenine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, IMP => ADP,ATP [PATH:sek00230 sek01232 sek01240 sek01100]
M00050 Guanine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, IMP => GDP,GTP [PATH:sek00230 sek01232 sek01100]
M00053 Deoxyribonucleotide biosynthesis, ADP/GDP/CDP/UDP => dATP/dGTP/dCTP/dUTP [PATH:sek00230 sek00240 sek01232 sek01100]

Pyrimidine metabolism
M00051 De novo pyrimidine biosynthesis, glutamine (+ PRPP) => UMP [PATH:sek00240 sek01240 sek01100]
M00052 Pyrimidine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, UMP => UDP/UTP,CDP/CTP [PATH:sek00240 sek01232 sek01240 sek01100]
M00938 Pyrimidine deoxyribonucleotide biosynthesis, UDP => dTTP [PATH:sek00240 sek01232 sek01100]

Amino acid metabolism
Serine and threonine metabolism
M00020 Serine biosynthesis, glycerate-3P => serine [PATH:sek00260 sek00680 sek01200 sek01230 sek01100]
M00018 Threonine biosynthesis, aspartate => homoserine => threonine [PATH:sek00260 sek01230 sek01100 sek01110]
M00621 Glycine cleavage system [PATH:sek00260 sek00630 sek00670 sek00785 sek01200 sek01100]

Cysteine and methionine metabolism
M00021 Cysteine biosynthesis, serine => cysteine [PATH:sek00270 sek00920 sek01320 sek01200 sek01230 sek01100 sek01110]
M00017 Methionine biosynthesis, aspartate => homoserine => methionine [PATH:sek00270 sek01230 sek01100]

Branched-chain amino acid metabolism
M00019 Valine/isoleucine biosynthesis, pyruvate => valine / 2-oxobutanoate => isoleucine [PATH:sek00290 sek00770 sek01210 sek01230 sek01100 sek01110]
M00570 Isoleucine biosynthesis, threonine => 2-oxobutanoate => isoleucine [PATH:sek00290 sek01230 sek01100]
M00432 Leucine biosynthesis, 2-oxoisovalerate => 2-oxoisocaproate [PATH:sek00290 sek01210 sek01230 sek01100 sek01110]

Lysine metabolism
M00016 Lysine biosynthesis, succinyl-DAP pathway, aspartate => lysine [PATH:sek00300 sek01230 sek01100]
M00956 Lysine degradation, bacteria, L-lysine => succinate [PATH:sek00310 sek01100 sek01120]

Arginine and proline metabolism
M00028 Ornithine biosynthesis, glutamate => ornithine [PATH:sek00220 sek01210 sek01230 sek01100]
M00844 Arginine biosynthesis, ornithine => arginine [PATH:sek00220 sek01230 sek01100]
M00015 Proline biosynthesis, glutamate => proline [PATH:sek00330 sek01230 sek01100]
M00970 Proline degradation, proline => glutamate [PATH:sek00330 sek01100]
M00879 Arginine succinyltransferase pathway, arginine => glutamate [PATH:sek00330 sek01100]

Polyamine biosynthesis
M00133 Polyamine biosynthesis, arginine => agmatine => putrescine => spermidine [PATH:sek00330 sek01100]

Histidine metabolism
M00026 Histidine biosynthesis, PRPP => histidine [PATH:sek00340 sek01230 sek01100 sek01110]

Aromatic amino acid metabolism
M00022 Shikimate pathway, phosphoenolpyruvate + erythrose-4P => chorismate [PATH:sek00400 sek01230 sek01100 sek01110]
M00024 Phenylalanine biosynthesis, chorismate => phenylpyruvate => phenylalanine [PATH:sek00400 sek01230 sek01100 sek01110]
M00025 Tyrosine biosynthesis, chorismate => HPP => tyrosine [PATH:sek00400 sek01230 sek01100]

Other amino acid metabolism
M00118 Glutathione biosynthesis, glutamate => glutathione [PATH:sek00480 sek01240 sek01100]

Glycan metabolism
Nucleotide sugar biosynthesis
M00909 UDP-GlcNAc biosynthesis, prokaryotes, Fru-6P => UDP-GlcNAc [PATH:sek00520 sek01250 sek01100]
M00995 UDP-MurNAc biosynthesis, Fru-6P => UDP-MurNAc [PATH:sek00520 sek01250]
M00549 UDP-Glc biosynthesis, Glc => UDP-Glc [PATH:sek00520 sek01250 sek01100]
M01004 UDP-Galf biosynthesis, UDP-Glc => UDP-Galf [PATH:sek00520 sek00052 sek01250]
M00554 UDP-Gal biosynthesis, Gal => UDP-Gal [PATH:sek00520 sek00052 sek01250 sek01100]
M01000 GDP-Man biosynthesis, Fru-6P => GDP-Man [PATH:sek00520 sek01250]
M00063 CMP-3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonate biosynthesis, ribulose-5P => CMP-KDO [PATH:sek00541 sek01250 sek01100]
M00064 ADP-L-glycero-D-manno-heptose biosynthesis, sedoheptulose-7P => ADP-LDmanHep [PATH:sek00541 sek01250 sek01100]
M00761 Undecaprenylphosphate alpha-L-Ara4N biosynthesis, UDP-GlcA => undecaprenyl phosphate alpha-L-Ara4N [PATH:sek00541 sek01100]
M00793 dTDP-L-rhamnose biosynthesis, glucose-1P => dTDP-L-Rha [PATH:sek00521 sek00523 sek00541 sek01250 sek01100 sek01110]

Glycan biosynthesis
Glycosaminoglycan metabolism
Lipopolysaccharide metabolism
M00060 KDO2-lipid A biosynthesis, Raetz pathway, LpxL-LpxM type [PATH:sek00540 sek01100]

Other polysaccharide metabolism
Metabolism of cofactors and vitamins
Cofactor and vitamin metabolism
M00127 Thiamine biosynthesis, prokaryotes, AIR (+ DXP/tyrosine) => TMP/TPP [PATH:sek00730 sek01240 sek01100]
M00899 Thiamine salvage pathway, HMP/HET => TMP [PATH:sek00730 sek01100]
M00125 Riboflavin biosynthesis, plants and bacteria, GTP => riboflavin/FMN/FAD [PATH:sek00740 sek01240 sek01100 sek01110]
M00124 Pyridoxal-P biosynthesis, erythrose-4P => pyridoxal-P [PATH:sek00750 sek01240 sek01100]
M00115 NAD biosynthesis, aspartate => quinolinate => NAD [PATH:sek00760 sek01240 sek01100]
M00119 Pantothenate biosynthesis, valine/L-aspartate => pantothenate [PATH:sek00770 sek01240 sek01100 sek01110]
M00120 Coenzyme A biosynthesis, pantothenate => CoA [PATH:sek00770 sek01240 sek01100]
M00572 Pimeloyl-ACP biosynthesis, BioC-BioH pathway, malonyl-ACP => pimeloyl-ACP [PATH:sek00780 sek01240 sek01100]
M00123 Biotin biosynthesis, pimeloyl-ACP/CoA => biotin [PATH:sek00780 sek01240 sek01100]
M00881 Lipoic acid biosynthesis, plants and bacteria, octanoyl-ACP => dihydrolipoyl-E2/H [PATH:sek00785 sek01240 sek01100]
M00126 Tetrahydrofolate biosynthesis, GTP => THF [PATH:sek00790 sek00670 sek01240 sek01100]
M00880 Molybdenum cofactor biosynthesis, GTP => molybdenum cofactor [PATH:sek00790 sek01240 sek01100]
M00988 PreQ1 biosynthesis, GTP => 7-Aminomethyl-7-deazaguanine [PATH:sek00790 sek01100]
M00846 Siroheme biosynthesis, glutamyl-tRNA => siroheme [PATH:sek00860 sek01240 sek01100 sek01110]
M00121 Heme biosynthesis, plants and bacteria, glutamate => heme [PATH:sek00860 sek01240 sek01100 sek01110]
M00122 Cobalamin biosynthesis, cobyrinate a,c-diamide => cobalamin [PATH:sek00860 sek01240 sek01100]
M00117 Ubiquinone biosynthesis, prokaryotes, chorismate (+ polyprenyl-PP) => ubiquinol [PATH:sek00130 sek01240 sek01100 sek01110]
M00989 Ubiquinone biosynthesis, O2-independent, prokaryotes, chorismate (+ polyprenyl-PP) => ubiquinol [PATH:sek00130 sek01240 sek01100 sek01110]
M00116 Menaquinone biosynthesis, chorismate (+ polyprenyl-PP) => menaquinol [PATH:sek00130 sek01240 sek01100 sek01110]

Biosynthesis of terpenoids and polyketides
Terpenoid backbone biosynthesis
M00096 C5 isoprenoid biosynthesis, non-mevalonate pathway [PATH:sek00900 sek01100 sek01110]
M00364 C10-C20 isoprenoid biosynthesis, bacteria [PATH:sek00900 sek01100 sek01110]

Plant terpenoid biosynthesis
Macrolide biosynthesis
Enediyne biosynthesis
Type II polyketide biosynthesis
Polyketide sugar unit biosynthesis
Biosynthesis of other secondary metabolites
Biosynthesis of phytochemical compounds
Biosynthesis of beta-lactams
Biosynthesis of other antibiotics
Biosynthesis of other fungal compounds
Biosynthesis of other bacterial compounds
Xenobiotics biodegradation
Aromatics degradation

Gene set
Pathogenicity
M00856 Salmonella enterica pathogenicity signature, typhoid toxin

Drug resistance
M00744 Cationic antimicrobial peptide (CAMP) resistance, protease PgtE
M00696 Multidrug resistance, efflux pump AcrEF-TolC

Plant pathogenicity
Symbiosis
Module set
Metabolic capacity
M00616 Sulfate-sulfur assimilation