KEGG Modules

Carbohydrate metabolism
Central carbohydrate metabolism
M00001 Glycolysis (Embden-Meyerhof pathway), glucose => pyruvate [PATH:sluc00010 sluc01200 sluc01100]
M00002 Glycolysis, core module involving three-carbon compounds [PATH:sluc00010 sluc01200 sluc01230 sluc01100]
M00003 Gluconeogenesis, oxaloacetate => fructose-6P [PATH:sluc00010 sluc00020 sluc01100]
M00307 Pyruvate oxidation, pyruvate => acetyl-CoA [PATH:sluc00010 sluc00020 sluc00620 sluc00785 sluc01200 sluc01210 sluc01100]
M00009 Citrate cycle (TCA cycle, Krebs cycle) [PATH:sluc00020 sluc01200 sluc01100]
M00010 Citrate cycle, first carbon oxidation, oxaloacetate => 2-oxoglutarate [PATH:sluc00020 sluc01200 sluc01210 sluc01230 sluc01100]
M00011 Citrate cycle, second carbon oxidation, 2-oxoglutarate => oxaloacetate [PATH:sluc00020 sluc01200 sluc01210 sluc01100]
M00004 Pentose phosphate pathway (Pentose phosphate cycle) [PATH:sluc00030 sluc01200 sluc01100]
M00006 Pentose phosphate pathway, oxidative phase, glucose 6P => ribulose 5P [PATH:sluc00030 sluc01200 sluc01100]
M00007 Pentose phosphate pathway, non-oxidative phase, fructose 6P => ribose 5P [PATH:sluc00030 sluc01200 sluc01230 sluc01100]
M00005 PRPP biosynthesis, ribose 5P => PRPP [PATH:sluc00030 sluc00230 sluc01200 sluc01230 sluc01100]

Other carbohydrate metabolism
M00014 Glucuronate pathway (uronate pathway) [PATH:sluc00040 sluc01100]
M00632 Galactose degradation, Leloir pathway, galactose => alpha-D-glucose-1P [PATH:sluc00052 sluc01100]
M00854 Glycogen biosynthesis, glucose-1P => glycogen/starch [PATH:sluc00500 sluc01100]
M00855 Glycogen degradation, glycogen => glucose-6P [PATH:sluc00500 sluc01100]
M00741 Propanoyl-CoA metabolism, propanoyl-CoA => succinyl-CoA [PATH:sluc00280 sluc00630 sluc00640 sluc01200 sluc01100]
M00130 Inositol phosphate metabolism, PI=> PIP2 => Ins(1,4,5)P3 => Ins(1,3,4,5)P4 [PATH:sluc00562 sluc01100]
M00131 Inositol phosphate metabolism, Ins(1,3,4,5)P4 => Ins(1,3,4)P3 => myo-inositol [PATH:sluc00562 sluc01100]
M00132 Inositol phosphate metabolism, Ins(1,3,4)P3 => phytate [PATH:sluc00562 sluc01100]

Energy metabolism
Carbon fixation
Methane metabolism
Nitrogen metabolism
Sulfur metabolism
Photosynthesis
ATP synthesis
M00142 NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase, mitochondria [PATH:sluc00190 sluc01100]
M00143 NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) Fe-S protein/flavoprotein complex, mitochondria [PATH:sluc00190 sluc01100]
M00146 NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) 1 alpha subcomplex [PATH:sluc00190 sluc01100]
M00147 NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) 1 beta subcomplex [PATH:sluc00190 sluc01100]
M00148 Succinate dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) [PATH:sluc00190 sluc01100]
M00151 Cytochrome bc1 complex respiratory unit [PATH:sluc00190 sluc01100]
M00152 Cytochrome bc1 complex [PATH:sluc00190 sluc01100]
M00154 Cytochrome c oxidase [PATH:sluc00190 sluc01100]
M00160 V-type ATPase, eukaryotes [PATH:sluc00190 sluc01100]

Lipid metabolism
Fatty acid metabolism
M00082 Fatty acid biosynthesis, initiation [PATH:sluc00061 sluc01212 sluc01100]
M00083 Fatty acid biosynthesis, elongation [PATH:sluc00061 sluc01212 sluc01100]
M00873 Fatty acid biosynthesis in mitochondria, animals [PATH:sluc00061 sluc01212 sluc01100]
M00085 Fatty acid elongation in mitochondria [PATH:sluc00062 sluc01212 sluc01100]
M00415 Fatty acid elongation in endoplasmic reticulum [PATH:sluc00062 sluc01040 sluc01212 sluc01100]
M00086 beta-Oxidation, acyl-CoA synthesis [PATH:sluc00061 sluc00071 sluc01212 sluc01100]
M00087 beta-Oxidation [PATH:sluc00071 sluc01212 sluc01100]
M00861 beta-Oxidation, peroxisome, VLCFA [PATH:sluc01040 sluc01212 sluc01100]

Sterol biosynthesis
M00101 Cholesterol biosynthesis, FPP => cholesterol [PATH:sluc00100 sluc01100]
M00103 Cholecalciferol biosynthesis [PATH:sluc00100 sluc01100]
M00107 Steroid hormone biosynthesis, cholesterol => pregnenolone => progesterone [PATH:sluc00140 sluc01100]
M00109 C21-Steroid hormone biosynthesis, progesterone => cortisol/cortisone [PATH:sluc00140 sluc01100]
M00110 C19/C18-Steroid hormone biosynthesis, pregnenolone => androstenedione => estrone [PATH:sluc00140 sluc01100]
M00976 C19-Steroid hormone biosynthesis, pregnenolone => testosterone => dihydrotestosterone [PATH:sluc00140 sluc01100]

Lipid metabolism
M00089 Triacylglycerol biosynthesis [PATH:sluc00561 sluc01100]
M00098 Acylglycerol degradation [PATH:sluc00561 sluc01100]
M00090 Phosphatidylcholine (PC) biosynthesis, choline => PC [PATH:sluc00564 sluc01100]
M00091 Phosphatidylcholine (PC) biosynthesis, PE => PC [PATH:sluc00564 sluc01100]
M00092 Phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) biosynthesis, ethanolamine => PE [PATH:sluc00564 sluc01100]
M00094 Ceramide biosynthesis [PATH:sluc00600 sluc01100]
M00066 Lactosylceramide biosynthesis [PATH:sluc00600 sluc01100]
M00067 Sulfoglycolipids biosynthesis, ceramide/1-alkyl-2-acylglycerol => sulfatide/seminolipid [PATH:sluc00600 sluc00565 sluc01100]
M00099 Sphingosine biosynthesis [PATH:sluc00600 sluc01100]
M00100 Sphingosine degradation [PATH:sluc00600 sluc01100]

Nucleotide metabolism
Purine metabolism
M00048 De novo purine biosynthesis, PRPP + glutamine => IMP [PATH:sluc00230 sluc01100]
M00049 Adenine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, IMP => ADP,ATP [PATH:sluc00230 sluc01232 sluc01240 sluc01100]
M00050 Guanine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, IMP => GDP,GTP [PATH:sluc00230 sluc01232 sluc01100]
M00053 Deoxyribonucleotide biosynthesis, ADP/GDP/CDP/UDP => dATP/dGTP/dCTP/dUTP [PATH:sluc00230 sluc00240 sluc01232 sluc01100]
M00958 Adenine ribonucleotide degradation, AMP => Urate [PATH:sluc00230 sluc01232 sluc01100]
M00959 Guanine ribonucleotide degradation, GMP => Urate [PATH:sluc00230 sluc01232 sluc01100]
M00546 Purine degradation, xanthine => urea [PATH:sluc00230 sluc01100]

Pyrimidine metabolism
M00051 De novo pyrimidine biosynthesis, glutamine (+ PRPP) => UMP [PATH:sluc00240 sluc01240 sluc01100]
M00052 Pyrimidine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, UMP => UDP/UTP,CDP/CTP [PATH:sluc00240 sluc01232 sluc01240 sluc01100]
M00938 Pyrimidine deoxyribonucleotide biosynthesis, UDP => dTTP [PATH:sluc00240 sluc01232 sluc01100]
M00046 Pyrimidine degradation, uracil => beta-alanine, thymine => 3-aminoisobutanoate [PATH:sluc00240 sluc00410 sluc00770 sluc01100]

Amino acid metabolism
Serine and threonine metabolism
M00020 Serine biosynthesis, glycerate-3P => serine [PATH:sluc00260 sluc01200 sluc01230 sluc01100]
M00621 Glycine cleavage system [PATH:sluc00260 sluc00630 sluc00670 sluc00785 sluc01200 sluc01100]
M00555 Betaine biosynthesis, choline => betaine [PATH:sluc00260 sluc00670 sluc01100]
M00974 Betaine metabolism, animals, betaine => glycine [PATH:sluc00260 sluc00670 sluc01100]

Cysteine and methionine metabolism
M00338 Cysteine biosynthesis, homocysteine + serine => cysteine [PATH:sluc00260 sluc00270 sluc00670 sluc01230 sluc01100]
M00034 Methionine salvage pathway [PATH:sluc00270 sluc01100]
M00035 Methionine degradation [PATH:sluc00270 sluc00670 sluc01100]

Branched-chain amino acid metabolism
M00036 Leucine degradation, leucine => acetoacetate + acetyl-CoA [PATH:sluc00280 sluc01100]

Lysine metabolism
M00032 Lysine degradation, lysine => saccharopine => acetoacetyl-CoA [PATH:sluc00310 sluc01210 sluc01100]

Arginine and proline metabolism
M00844 Arginine biosynthesis, ornithine => arginine [PATH:sluc00220 sluc01230 sluc01100]
M00029 Urea cycle [PATH:sluc00220 sluc01230 sluc01100]
M00015 Proline biosynthesis, glutamate => proline [PATH:sluc00330 sluc01230 sluc01100]
M00970 Proline degradation, proline => glutamate [PATH:sluc00330 sluc01100]
M00972 Proline metabolism [PATH:sluc00330 sluc01100]
M00047 Creatine pathway [PATH:sluc00330 sluc00260 sluc01100]

Polyamine biosynthesis
M00134 Polyamine biosynthesis, arginine => ornithine => putrescine [PATH:sluc00330 sluc01100]
M00135 GABA biosynthesis, eukaryotes, putrescine => GABA [PATH:sluc00330 sluc01100]

Histidine metabolism
M00045 Histidine degradation, histidine => N-formiminoglutamate => glutamate [PATH:sluc00340 sluc01100]

Aromatic amino acid metabolism
M00042 Catecholamine biosynthesis, tyrosine => dopamine => noradrenaline => adrenaline [PATH:sluc00350 sluc01100]
M00043 Thyroid hormone biosynthesis, tyrosine => triiodothyronine/thyroxine [PATH:sluc00350 sluc01100]
M00044 Tyrosine degradation, tyrosine => homogentisate [PATH:sluc00350 sluc01100]
M00037 Melatonin biosynthesis, animals, tryptophan => serotonin => melatonin [PATH:sluc00380 sluc01100]
M00038 Tryptophan metabolism, tryptophan => kynurenine => 2-aminomuconate [PATH:sluc00380 sluc01100]

Other amino acid metabolism
M00027 GABA (gamma-Aminobutyrate) shunt [PATH:sluc00250 sluc00650 sluc01100]
M00118 Glutathione biosynthesis, glutamate => glutathione [PATH:sluc00480 sluc01240 sluc01100]

Glycan metabolism
Nucleotide sugar biosynthesis
M00892 UDP-GlcNAc biosynthesis, eukaryotes, Fru-6P => UDP-GlcNAc [PATH:sluc00520 sluc01250 sluc01100]
M01003 UDP-GlcNAc biosynthesis, GlcNAc => UDP-GlcNAc [PATH:sluc00520 sluc01250 sluc01100]
M00549 UDP-Glc biosynthesis, Glc => UDP-Glc [PATH:sluc00520 sluc01250 sluc01100]
M00554 UDP-Gal biosynthesis, Gal => UDP-Gal [PATH:sluc00520 sluc00052 sluc01250 sluc01100]
M01000 GDP-Man biosynthesis, Fru-6P => GDP-Man [PATH:sluc00520 sluc00051 sluc01250 sluc01100]
M01015 GDP-Man biosynthesis, Man => GDP-Man [PATH:sluc00520 sluc00051 sluc01250 sluc01100]
M01001 GDP-L-Fuc biosynthesis, L-Fuc => GDP-L-Fuc [PATH:sluc00520 sluc01250 sluc01100]
M00955 CMP-Neu5Ac/Neu5Gc biosynthesis, animals, UDP-GlcNAc => CMP-Neu5Ac => CMP-Neu5Gc [PATH:sluc00541 sluc01250 sluc01100]
M01016 GDP-L-Fuc biosynthesis, GDP-Man => GDP-L-Fuc [PATH:sluc00541 sluc00051 sluc01250 sluc01100]

Glycan biosynthesis
M00055 N-glycan precursor biosynthesis [PATH:sluc00510 sluc01100]
M00072 N-glycosylation by oligosaccharyltransferase [PATH:sluc00510 sluc00513 sluc01100]
M00073 N-glycan precursor trimming [PATH:sluc00510 sluc01100]
M00075 N-glycan biosynthesis, complex type [PATH:sluc00510 sluc01100]
M00872 O-glycan biosynthesis, mannose type (core M3) [PATH:sluc00515 sluc01100]
M00065 GPI-anchor biosynthesis, core oligosaccharide [PATH:sluc00563 sluc01100]
M00983 GPI-anchor remodeling [PATH:sluc00563 sluc01100]
M00070 Glycosphingolipid biosynthesis, lacto-series, LacCer => Lc4Cer [PATH:sluc00601 sluc01100]
M00071 Glycosphingolipid biosynthesis, neolacto-series, LacCer => nLc4Cer [PATH:sluc00601 sluc01100]
M00069 Glycosphingolipid biosynthesis, ganglio series, LacCer => GT3 [PATH:sluc00604 sluc01100]

Glycosaminoglycan metabolism
M00057 Glycosaminoglycan biosynthesis, linkage tetrasaccharide [PATH:sluc00532 sluc00534 sluc01100]
M00058 Glycosaminoglycan biosynthesis, chondroitin sulfate backbone [PATH:sluc00532 sluc01100]
M00059 Glycosaminoglycan biosynthesis, heparan sulfate backbone [PATH:sluc00534 sluc01100]
M00076 Dermatan sulfate degradation [PATH:sluc00531 sluc01100]
M00077 Chondroitin sulfate degradation [PATH:sluc00531 sluc01100]
M00078 Heparan sulfate degradation [PATH:sluc00531 sluc01100]
M00079 Keratan sulfate degradation [PATH:sluc00531 sluc01100]

Lipopolysaccharide metabolism
Other polysaccharide metabolism
Metabolism of cofactors and vitamins
Cofactor and vitamin metabolism
M00912 NAD biosynthesis, tryptophan => quinolinate => NAD [PATH:sluc00380 sluc00760 sluc01240 sluc01100]
M00120 Coenzyme A biosynthesis, pantothenate => CoA [PATH:sluc00770 sluc01240 sluc01100]
M00882 Lipoic acid biosynthesis, eukaryotes, octanoyl-ACP => dihydrolipoyl-H [PATH:sluc00785 sluc01240 sluc01100]
M00883 Lipoic acid biosynthesis, animals and bacteria, octanoyl-ACP => dihydrolipoyl-H => dihydrolipoyl-E2 [PATH:sluc00785 sluc01240 sluc01100]
M00842 Tetrahydrobiopterin biosynthesis, GTP => BH4 [PATH:sluc00790 sluc01240 sluc01100]
M00880 Molybdenum cofactor biosynthesis, GTP => molybdenum cofactor [PATH:sluc00790 sluc01240 sluc01100]
M00141 C1-unit interconversion, eukaryotes [PATH:sluc00670 sluc01240 sluc01100]
M00868 Heme biosynthesis, animals and fungi, glycine => heme [PATH:sluc00860 sluc01240 sluc01100]
M00128 Ubiquinone biosynthesis, eukaryotes, 4-hydroxybenzoate + polyprenyl-PP => ubiquinone [PATH:sluc00130 sluc01240 sluc01100]

Biosynthesis of terpenoids and polyketides
Terpenoid backbone biosynthesis
M00095 C5 isoprenoid biosynthesis, mevalonate pathway [PATH:sluc00900 sluc01100]
M00367 C10-C20 isoprenoid biosynthesis, non-plant eukaryotes [PATH:sluc00900 sluc01100]

Terpenoid biosynthesis
Macrolide biosynthesis
Enediyne biosynthesis
Type II polyketide biosynthesis
Polyketide sugar unit biosynthesis
Biosynthesis of other secondary metabolites
Biosynthesis of phytochemical compounds
Biosynthesis of beta-lactams
Biosynthesis of other antibiotics
Biosynthesis of other fungal compounds
Biosynthesis of other bacterial compounds
Biosynthesis of other compounds
Xenobiotics biodegradation
Aromatics degradation

Gene set
Pathogenicity
Drug resistance
Plant pathogenicity
Symbiosis
Module set
Metabolic capacity