KEGG Modules

Carbohydrate metabolism
Central carbohydrate metabolism
M00002 Glycolysis, core module involving three-carbon compounds [PATH:smel00010 smel01200 smel01230 smel01100]
M00003 Gluconeogenesis, oxaloacetate => fructose-6P [PATH:smel00010 smel00020 smel01100]
M00307 Pyruvate oxidation, pyruvate => acetyl-CoA [PATH:smel00010 smel00020 smel00620 smel00785 smel01200 smel01210 smel01100]
M00009 Citrate cycle (TCA cycle, Krebs cycle) [PATH:smel00020 smel01200 smel01100]
M00010 Citrate cycle, first carbon oxidation, oxaloacetate => 2-oxoglutarate [PATH:smel00020 smel01200 smel01210 smel01230 smel01100]
M00011 Citrate cycle, second carbon oxidation, 2-oxoglutarate => oxaloacetate [PATH:smel00020 smel01200 smel01210 smel01100]
M00004 Pentose phosphate pathway (Pentose phosphate cycle) [PATH:smel00030 smel01200 smel01100 smel01120]
M00006 Pentose phosphate pathway, oxidative phase, glucose-6P => ribulose-5P [PATH:smel00030 smel01200 smel01100 smel01120]
M00007 Pentose phosphate pathway, non-oxidative phase, fructose-6P => ribose-5P [PATH:smel00030 smel01200 smel01230 smel01100 smel01120]
M00005 PRPP biosynthesis, ribose-5P => PRPP [PATH:smel00030 smel00230 smel01200 smel01230 smel01100]
M00008 Entner-Doudoroff pathway, glucose-6P => glyceraldehyde-3P + pyruvate [PATH:smel00030 smel01200 smel01100 smel01120]

Other carbohydrate metabolism
M00061 D-Glucuronate degradation, D-glucuronate => pyruvate + D-glyceraldehyde-3P [PATH:smel00040 smel00030 smel01100]
M00552 D-galactonate degradation, De Ley-Doudoroff pathway, D-galactonate => glycerate-3P [PATH:smel00052 smel01100]
M00854 Glycogen biosynthesis, glucose-1P => glycogen/starch [PATH:smel00500 smel01100]
M00565 Trehalose biosynthesis, D-glucose-1P => trehalose [PATH:smel00500 smel01100 smel01110]
M00012 Glyoxylate cycle [PATH:smel00630 smel01200 smel01100 smel01110]
M00741 Propanoyl-CoA metabolism, propanoyl-CoA => succinyl-CoA [PATH:smel00280 smel00630 smel00640 smel01200 smel01100]

Energy metabolism
Carbon fixation
M00169 CAM (Crassulacean acid metabolism), light [PATH:smel00620 smel00710 smel01200 smel01100 smel01120]
M00579 Phosphate acetyltransferase-acetate kinase pathway, acetyl-CoA => acetate [PATH:smel00430 smel00620 smel00720 smel01200 smel01100 smel01120]

Methane metabolism
Nitrogen metabolism
M00175 Nitrogen fixation, nitrogen => ammonia [PATH:smel00910 smel01310 smel01100 smel01120]
M00531 Assimilatory nitrate reduction, nitrate => ammonia [PATH:smel00910 smel01310 smel01100 smel01120]
M00529 Denitrification, nitrate => nitrogen [PATH:smel00910 smel01310 smel01100 smel01120]

Sulfur metabolism
Photosynthesis
ATP synthesis
M00144 NADH:quinone oxidoreductase, prokaryotes [PATH:smel00190 smel01100]
M00149 Succinate dehydrogenase, prokaryotes [PATH:smel00190 smel01100]
M00151 Cytochrome bc1 complex respiratory unit [PATH:smel00190 smel01100]
M00155 Cytochrome c oxidase, prokaryotes [PATH:smel00190 smel01100]
M00417 Cytochrome o ubiquinol oxidase [PATH:smel00190 smel01100]
M00156 Cytochrome c oxidase, cbb3-type [PATH:smel00190 smel01100]
M00157 F-type ATPase, prokaryotes and chloroplasts [PATH:smel00190 smel01100]

Lipid metabolism
Fatty acid metabolism
M00082 Fatty acid biosynthesis, initiation [PATH:smel00061 smel01212 smel01100]
M00083 Fatty acid biosynthesis, elongation [PATH:smel00061 smel01212 smel01100]
M00086 beta-Oxidation, acyl-CoA synthesis [PATH:smel00061 smel00071 smel01212 smel01100]

Sterol biosynthesis
Lipid metabolism
M00091 Phosphatidylcholine (PC) biosynthesis, PE => PC [PATH:smel00564 smel01100]
M00093 Phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) biosynthesis, PA => PS => PE [PATH:smel00564 smel01100]

Nucleotide metabolism
Purine metabolism
M00048 De novo purine biosynthesis, PRPP + glutamine => IMP [PATH:smel00230 smel01100]
M00049 Adenine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, IMP => ADP,ATP [PATH:smel00230 smel01232 smel01240 smel01100]
M00050 Guanine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, IMP => GDP,GTP [PATH:smel00230 smel01232 smel01100]
M00958 Adenine ribonucleotide degradation, AMP => Urate [PATH:smel00230 smel01232 smel01100]
M00959 Guanine ribonucleotide degradation, GMP => Urate [PATH:smel00230 smel01232 smel01100]
M00546 Purine degradation, xanthine => urea [PATH:smel00230 smel01100]

Pyrimidine metabolism
M00052 Pyrimidine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, UMP => UDP/UTP,CDP/CTP [PATH:smel00240 smel01232 smel01240 smel01100]
M00046 Pyrimidine degradation, uracil => beta-alanine, thymine => 3-aminoisobutanoate [PATH:smel00240 smel00410 smel00770 smel01100]

Amino acid metabolism
Serine and threonine metabolism
M00020 Serine biosynthesis, glycerate-3P => serine [PATH:smel00260 smel00680 smel01200 smel01230 smel01100]
M00018 Threonine biosynthesis, aspartate => homoserine => threonine [PATH:smel00260 smel01230 smel01100 smel01110]
M00621 Glycine cleavage system [PATH:smel00260 smel00630 smel00670 smel00785 smel01200 smel01100]
M00555 Betaine biosynthesis, choline => betaine [PATH:smel00260 smel00670 smel01100]
M00975 Betaine degradation, bacteria, betaine => pyruvate [PATH:smel00260 smel01100]
M00919 Ectoine degradation, ectoine => aspartate [PATH:smel00260 smel01100 smel01120]

Cysteine and methionine metabolism
M00021 Cysteine biosynthesis, serine => cysteine [PATH:smel00270 smel00920 smel01320 smel01200 smel01230 smel01100 smel01110]
M00017 Methionine biosynthesis, aspartate => homoserine => methionine [PATH:smel00270 smel01230 smel01100]

Branched-chain amino acid metabolism
M00019 Valine/isoleucine biosynthesis, pyruvate => valine / 2-oxobutanoate => isoleucine [PATH:smel00290 smel00770 smel01210 smel01230 smel01100 smel01110]
M00570 Isoleucine biosynthesis, threonine => 2-oxobutanoate => isoleucine [PATH:smel00290 smel01230 smel01100]
M00432 Leucine biosynthesis, 2-oxoisovalerate => 2-oxoisocaproate [PATH:smel00290 smel01210 smel01230 smel01100 smel01110]
M00036 Leucine degradation, leucine => acetoacetate + acetyl-CoA [PATH:smel00280 smel01100]

Lysine metabolism
M00016 Lysine biosynthesis, succinyl-DAP pathway, aspartate => lysine [PATH:smel00300 smel01230 smel01100]

Arginine and proline metabolism
M00028 Ornithine biosynthesis, glutamate => ornithine [PATH:smel00220 smel01210 smel01230 smel01100]
M00844 Arginine biosynthesis, ornithine => arginine [PATH:smel00220 smel01230 smel01100]
M00015 Proline biosynthesis, glutamate => proline [PATH:smel00330 smel01230 smel01100]
M00970 Proline degradation, proline => glutamate [PATH:smel00330 smel01100]

Polyamine biosynthesis
M00134 Polyamine biosynthesis, arginine => ornithine => putrescine [PATH:smel00330 smel01100]

Histidine metabolism
M00026 Histidine biosynthesis, PRPP => histidine [PATH:smel00340 smel01230 smel01100 smel01110]
M00045 Histidine degradation, histidine => N-formiminoglutamate => glutamate [PATH:smel00340 smel01100]

Aromatic amino acid metabolism
M00022 Shikimate pathway, phosphoenolpyruvate + erythrose-4P => chorismate [PATH:smel00400 smel01230 smel01100 smel01110]
M00023 Tryptophan biosynthesis, chorismate => tryptophan [PATH:smel00400 smel01230 smel01100 smel01110]
M00024 Phenylalanine biosynthesis, chorismate => phenylpyruvate => phenylalanine [PATH:smel00400 smel01230 smel01100 smel01110]
M00040 Tyrosine biosynthesis, chorismate => arogenate => tyrosine [PATH:smel00400 smel01230 smel01100 smel01110]
M00044 Tyrosine degradation, tyrosine => homogentisate [PATH:smel00350 smel01100]

Other amino acid metabolism
M00118 Glutathione biosynthesis, glutamate => glutathione [PATH:smel00480 smel01240 smel01100]

Glycan metabolism
Nucleotide sugar biosynthesis
M00909 UDP-GlcNAc biosynthesis, prokaryotes, Fru-6P => UDP-GlcNAc [PATH:smel00520 smel01250 smel01100]
M00995 UDP-MurNAc biosynthesis, Fru-6P => UDP-MurNAc [PATH:smel00520 smel01250 smel01100]
M00549 UDP-Glc biosynthesis, Glc => UDP-Glc [PATH:smel00520 smel01250 smel01100]
M00997 UDP-Xyl/L-Ara biosynthesis, UDP-Glc => UDP-Xyl => UDP-L-Ala [PATH:smel00520 smel01250 smel01100]
M00999 UDP-GlcA/GalA biosynthesis, UDP-Glc => UDP-GlcA => UDP-GalA [PATH:smel00520 smel00053 smel01250 smel01100]
M00793 dTDP-L-Rha biosynthesis, Glc-1P => dTDP-L-Rha [PATH:smel00521 smel00523 smel00541 smel01250 smel01100 smel01110]

Glycan biosynthesis
Glycosaminoglycan metabolism
Lipopolysaccharide metabolism
Other polysaccharide metabolism
Metabolism of cofactors and vitamins
Cofactor and vitamin metabolism
M00115 NAD biosynthesis, aspartate => quinolinate => NAD [PATH:smel00760 smel01240 smel01100]
M00120 Coenzyme A biosynthesis, pantothenate => CoA [PATH:smel00770 smel01240 smel01100]
M00881 Lipoic acid biosynthesis, plants and bacteria, octanoyl-ACP => dihydrolipoyl-E2/H [PATH:smel00785 smel01240 smel01100]
M00126 Tetrahydrofolate biosynthesis, GTP => THF [PATH:smel00790 smel00670 smel01240 smel01100]
M00880 Molybdenum cofactor biosynthesis, GTP => molybdenum cofactor [PATH:smel00790 smel01240 smel01100]
M00988 PreQ1 biosynthesis, GTP => 7-Aminomethyl-7-deazaguanine [PATH:smel00790 smel01100]
M00140 C1-unit interconversion, prokaryotes [PATH:smel00670 smel01240 smel01100]
M00925 Cobalamin biosynthesis, aerobic, uroporphyrinogen III => precorrin 2 => cobyrinate a,c-diamide [PATH:smel00860 smel01240 smel01100]

Biosynthesis of terpenoids and polyketides
Terpenoid backbone biosynthesis
Terpenoid biosynthesis
Macrolide biosynthesis
Enediyne biosynthesis
Type II polyketide biosynthesis
Polyketide sugar unit biosynthesis
Biosynthesis of other secondary metabolites
Biosynthesis of phytochemical compounds
Biosynthesis of beta-lactams
Biosynthesis of other antibiotics
Biosynthesis of other fungal compounds
Biosynthesis of other bacterial compounds
Biosynthesis of other compounds
Xenobiotics biodegradation
Aromatics degradation

Gene set
Pathogenicity
Drug resistance
Plant pathogenicity
Symbiosis
M00664 Nodulation

Module set
Metabolic capacity
M00615 Nitrate assimilation