KEGG Modules

Carbohydrate metabolism
Central carbohydrate metabolism
M00001 Glycolysis (Embden-Meyerhof pathway), glucose => pyruvate [PATH:smil00010 smil01200 smil01100]
M00002 Glycolysis, core module involving three-carbon compounds [PATH:smil00010 smil01200 smil01230 smil01100]
M00003 Gluconeogenesis, oxaloacetate => fructose-6P [PATH:smil00010 smil00020 smil01100]
M00307 Pyruvate oxidation, pyruvate => acetyl-CoA [PATH:smil00010 smil00020 smil00620 smil00785 smil01200 smil01210 smil01100]
M00010 Citrate cycle, first carbon oxidation, oxaloacetate => 2-oxoglutarate [PATH:smil00020 smil01200 smil01210 smil01230 smil01100]
M00004 Pentose phosphate pathway (Pentose phosphate cycle) [PATH:smil00030 smil01200 smil01100]
M00006 Pentose phosphate pathway, oxidative phase, glucose 6P => ribulose 5P [PATH:smil00030 smil01200 smil01100]
M00007 Pentose phosphate pathway, non-oxidative phase, fructose 6P => ribose 5P [PATH:smil00030 smil01200 smil01230 smil01100]
M00005 PRPP biosynthesis, ribose 5P => PRPP [PATH:smil00030 smil00230 smil01200 smil01230 smil01100]

Other carbohydrate metabolism
M00081 Pectin degradation [PATH:smil00040 smil01100]
M00114 Ascorbate biosynthesis, plants, fructose-6P => ascorbate [PATH:smil00051 smil00053 smil01240 smil01100 smil01110]
M00854 Glycogen biosynthesis, glucose-1P => glycogen/starch [PATH:smil00500 smil01100]
M00549 Nucleotide sugar biosynthesis, glucose => UDP-glucose [PATH:smil00520 smil01250 smil01100]
M00892 UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine biosynthesis, eukaryotes, glucose => UDP-GlcNAc [PATH:smil00520 smil01250 smil01100]
M00012 Glyoxylate cycle [PATH:smil00630 smil01200 smil01100 smil01110]
M00532 Photorespiration [PATH:smil00630 smil01200 smil01100 smil01110]
M00132 Inositol phosphate metabolism, Ins(1,3,4)P3 => phytate [PATH:smil00562 smil01100]

Energy metabolism
Carbon fixation
M00165 Reductive pentose phosphate cycle (Calvin cycle) [PATH:smil00710 smil01200 smil01100]
M00168 CAM (Crassulacean acid metabolism), dark [PATH:smil00620 smil00710 smil01200 smil01100]
M00169 CAM (Crassulacean acid metabolism), light [PATH:smil00620 smil00710 smil01200 smil01100]
M00172 C4-dicarboxylic acid cycle, NADP - malic enzyme type [PATH:smil00620 smil00710 smil01200 smil01100]
M00171 C4-dicarboxylic acid cycle, NAD - malic enzyme type [PATH:smil00710 smil01200 smil01100]
M00170 C4-dicarboxylic acid cycle, phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase type [PATH:smil00710 smil01200 smil01100]

Methane metabolism
Nitrogen metabolism
M00531 Assimilatory nitrate reduction, nitrate => ammonia [PATH:smil00910 smil01310 smil01100]

Sulfur metabolism
Photosynthesis
M00161 Photosystem II [PATH:smil00195 smil01100]
M00163 Photosystem I [PATH:smil00195 smil01100]

ATP synthesis
M00145 NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase, chloroplasts and cyanobacteria [PATH:smil00190 smil01100]
M00142 NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase, mitochondria [PATH:smil00190 smil01100]
M00151 Cytochrome bc1 complex respiratory unit [PATH:smil00190 smil01100]
M00157 F-type ATPase, prokaryotes and chloroplasts [PATH:smil00190 smil00195 smil01100]

Lipid metabolism
Fatty acid metabolism
M00082 Fatty acid biosynthesis, initiation [PATH:smil00061 smil01212 smil01100]
M00083 Fatty acid biosynthesis, elongation [PATH:smil00061 smil01212 smil01100]
M00415 Fatty acid elongation in endoplasmic reticulum [PATH:smil00062 smil01040 smil01212 smil01100]
M00086 beta-Oxidation, acyl-CoA synthesis [PATH:smil00061 smil00071 smil01212 smil01100]
M00087 beta-Oxidation [PATH:smil00071 smil01212 smil01100]

Sterol biosynthesis
M00917 Phytosterol biosynthesis, squalene 2,3-epoxide => campesterol/sitosterol [PATH:smil00100 smil01100 smil01110]

Lipid metabolism
M00089 Triacylglycerol biosynthesis [PATH:smil00561 smil01100]
M00098 Acylglycerol degradation [PATH:smil00561 smil01100]
M00092 Phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) biosynthesis, ethanolamine => PE [PATH:smil00564 smil01100]
M00100 Sphingosine degradation [PATH:smil00600 smil01100]
M00113 Jasmonic acid biosynthesis [PATH:smil00592 smil01100 smil01110]

Nucleotide metabolism
Purine metabolism
M00048 De novo purine biosynthesis, PRPP + glutamine => IMP [PATH:smil00230 smil01100]
M00049 Adenine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, IMP => ADP,ATP [PATH:smil00230 smil01232 smil01240 smil01100]
M00053 Deoxyribonucleotide biosynthesis, ADP/GDP/CDP/UDP => dATP/dGTP/dCTP/dUTP [PATH:smil00230 smil00240 smil01232 smil01100]

Pyrimidine metabolism
M00052 Pyrimidine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, UMP => UDP/UTP,CDP/CTP [PATH:smil00240 smil01232 smil01240 smil01100]
M00938 Pyrimidine deoxyribonucleotide biosynthesis, UDP => dTTP [PATH:smil00240 smil01232 smil01100]
M00046 Pyrimidine degradation, uracil => beta-alanine, thymine => 3-aminoisobutanoate [PATH:smil00240 smil00410 smil00770 smil01100]

Amino acid metabolism
Serine and threonine metabolism
M00020 Serine biosynthesis, glycerate-3P => serine [PATH:smil00260 smil01200 smil01230 smil01100]
M00018 Threonine biosynthesis, aspartate => homoserine => threonine [PATH:smil00260 smil01230 smil01100 smil01110]
M00621 Glycine cleavage system [PATH:smil00260 smil00630 smil00670 smil00785 smil01200 smil01100]
M00555 Betaine biosynthesis, choline => betaine [PATH:smil00260 smil00670 smil01100]

Cysteine and methionine metabolism
M00021 Cysteine biosynthesis, serine => cysteine [PATH:smil00270 smil00920 smil01200 smil01230 smil01100 smil01110]
M00034 Methionine salvage pathway [PATH:smil00270 smil01100]
M00368 Ethylene biosynthesis, methionine => ethylene [PATH:smil00270 smil01100 smil01110]

Branched-chain amino acid metabolism
M00019 Valine/isoleucine biosynthesis, pyruvate => valine / 2-oxobutanoate => isoleucine [PATH:smil00290 smil00770 smil01210 smil01230 smil01100 smil01110]
M00570 Isoleucine biosynthesis, threonine => 2-oxobutanoate => isoleucine [PATH:smil00290 smil01230 smil01100]
M00432 Leucine biosynthesis, 2-oxoisovalerate => 2-oxoisocaproate [PATH:smil00290 smil01210 smil01230 smil01100 smil01110]

Lysine metabolism
M00527 Lysine biosynthesis, DAP aminotransferase pathway, aspartate => lysine [PATH:smil00300 smil01230 smil01100 smil01110]

Arginine and proline metabolism
M00028 Ornithine biosynthesis, glutamate => ornithine [PATH:smil00220 smil01210 smil01230 smil01100]
M00844 Arginine biosynthesis, ornithine => arginine [PATH:smil00220 smil01230 smil01100]
M00015 Proline biosynthesis, glutamate => proline [PATH:smil00330 smil01230 smil01100]
M00970 Proline degradation, proline => glutamate [PATH:smil00330 smil01100]
M00972 Proline metabolism [PATH:smil00330 smil01100]

Polyamine biosynthesis
Histidine metabolism
Aromatic amino acid metabolism
M00022 Shikimate pathway, phosphoenolpyruvate + erythrose-4P => chorismate [PATH:smil00400 smil01230 smil01100 smil01110]
M00023 Tryptophan biosynthesis, chorismate => tryptophan [PATH:smil00400 smil01230 smil01100 smil01110]
M00910 Phenylalanine biosynthesis, chorismate => arogenate => phenylalanine [PATH:smil00400 smil01230 smil01100 smil01110]
M00040 Tyrosine biosynthesis, chorismate => arogenate => tyrosine [PATH:smil00400 smil01230 smil01100 smil01110]
M00044 Tyrosine degradation, tyrosine => homogentisate [PATH:smil00350 smil01100]

Other amino acid metabolism
M00118 Glutathione biosynthesis, glutamate => glutathione [PATH:smil00480 smil01240 smil01100]

Glycan metabolism
Glycan biosynthesis
Glycosaminoglycan metabolism
Lipopolysaccharide metabolism
Other polysaccharide metabolism
Metabolism of cofactors and vitamins
Cofactor and vitamin metabolism
M00897 Thiamine biosynthesis, plants, AIR (+ NAD+) => TMP/thiamine/TPP [PATH:smil00730 smil01240 smil01100]
M00899 Thiamine salvage pathway, HMP/HET => TMP [PATH:smil00730 smil01100]
M00125 Riboflavin biosynthesis, plants and bacteria, GTP => riboflavin/FMN/FAD [PATH:smil00740 smil01240 smil01100 smil01110]
M00115 NAD biosynthesis, aspartate => quinolinate => NAD [PATH:smil00760 smil01240 smil01100]
M00120 Coenzyme A biosynthesis, pantothenate => CoA [PATH:smil00770 smil01240 smil01100]
M00123 Biotin biosynthesis, pimeloyl-ACP/CoA => biotin [PATH:smil00780 smil01240 smil01100]
M00881 Lipoic acid biosynthesis, plants and bacteria, octanoyl-ACP => dihydrolipoyl-E2/H [PATH:smil00785 smil01240 smil01100]
M00882 Lipoic acid biosynthesis, eukaryotes, octanoyl-ACP => dihydrolipoyl-H [PATH:smil00785 smil01240 smil01100]
M00880 Molybdenum cofactor biosynthesis, GTP => molybdenum cofactor [PATH:smil00790 smil01240 smil01100]
M00121 Heme biosynthesis, plants and bacteria, glutamate => heme [PATH:smil00860 smil01240 smil01100 smil01110]
M00112 Tocopherol/tocotorienol biosynthesis, homogentisate + phytyl/geranylgeranyl-PP => tocopherol/tocotorienol [PATH:smil00130 smil01240 smil01100 smil01110]

Biosynthesis of terpenoids and polyketides
Terpenoid backbone biosynthesis
M00095 C5 isoprenoid biosynthesis, mevalonate pathway [PATH:smil00900 smil01100 smil01110]
M00096 C5 isoprenoid biosynthesis, non-mevalonate pathway [PATH:smil00900 smil01100 smil01110]
M00366 C10-C20 isoprenoid biosynthesis, plants [PATH:smil00900 smil01100 smil01110]

Plant terpenoid biosynthesis
M00097 beta-Carotene biosynthesis, GGAP => beta-carotene [PATH:smil00906 smil01100 smil01110]
M00372 Abscisic acid biosynthesis, beta-carotene => abscisic acid [PATH:smil00906 smil01100 smil01110]
M00928 Gibberellin A4/A1 biosynthesis, GA12/GA53 => GA4/GA1 [PATH:smil00904 smil01100 smil01110]

Macrolide biosynthesis
Enediyne biosynthesis
Type II polyketide biosynthesis
Polyketide sugar unit biosynthesis
Biosynthesis of other secondary metabolites
Biosynthesis of phytochemical compounds
M00039 Monolignol biosynthesis, phenylalanine/tyrosine => monolignol [PATH:smil00940 smil01100 smil01110]
M00137 Flavanone biosynthesis, phenylalanine => naringenin [PATH:smil00940 smil00941 smil01100 smil01110]
M00138 Flavonoid biosynthesis, naringenin => pelargonidin [PATH:smil00941 smil01100 smil01110]

Biosynthesis of beta-lactams
Biosynthesis of other antibiotics
Biosynthesis of other fungal compounds
Biosynthesis of other bacterial compounds
Xenobiotics biodegradation
Aromatics degradation

Gene set
Pathogenicity
Drug resistance
Plant pathogenicity
Symbiosis
Module set
Metabolic capacity
M00611 Oxygenic photosynthesis in plants and cyanobacteria
M00615 Nitrate assimilation