KEGG   DISEASE: Staphylococcal infection
Entry
H01175                      Disease                                
Name
Staphylococcal infection
Description
Staphylococci are widespread as commensals of humans and animals where they colonize the skin or mucous membranes. Firstly, Staphylococcus lugdunensis is a most unusual coagulase-negative staphylococcus found on the human skin. It can cause infections at many sites including superficial skin infections, bacteremia, endocarditis, osteomyelitis, and breast abscess. Endocarditis caused by S. lugdunensis can lead to substantial morbidity and mortality. Secondly, Staphylococcus haemolyticus, found among the normal skin flora, is commonly isolated from the axillae, perineum, and inguinal areas of humans and causes septicemia, peritonitis, otitis, and urinary tract infections. S. haemolyticus is notorious for its multidrug resistance and historically early acquisition of resistance to methicillin and glycopeptide antibiotics. Finally, Staphylococcus pseudintermedius is an important opportunistic pathogen of dogs and cats. S. pseudintermedius colonization is very uncommon in humans. It is rarely isolated from human dog-bite wounds. The infection has been associated with wide range of symptoms such as bacteremia, a brain abscess, and pneumonia.
Category
Bacterial infectious disease
Brite
Human diseases in ICD-11 classification [BR:br08403]
 01 Certain infectious or parasitic diseases
  Gastroenteritis or colitis of infectious origin
   Bacterial foodborne intoxications
    1A10  Foodborne staphylococcal intoxication
     H01175  Staphylococcal infection
Genome-based classification of infectious diseases [BR:br08401]
 Bacterial infections
  Infections caused by Gram-positive bacteria
   H01175  Staphylococcal infection
Pathogen
Staphylococcus lugdunensis [GN:slg sln]
Staphylococcus haemolyticus [GN:sha]
Staphylococcus pseudintermedius
Drug
Vancomycin hydrochloride [DR:D00926]
Bacitracin [DR:D00128]
Clindamycin palmitate hydrochloride [DR:D01990]
Clindamycin hydrochloride [DR:D02132]
Comment
Treatment was most commonly initiated with vancomycin and narrowed as antibiotic susceptibilities allowed.
Methicillin resistance has been reported.
Other DBs
ICD-11: 1A10
MeSH: D013203
Reference
  Authors
Klotchko A, Wallace MR, Licitra C, Sieger B
  Title
Staphylococcus lugdunensis: an emerging pathogen.
  Journal
South Med J 104:509-14 (2011)
DOI:10.1097/SMJ.0b013e31821e91b1
Reference
  Authors
Liu PY, Huang YF, Tang CW, Chen YY, Hsieh KS, Ger LP, Chen YS, Liu YC
  Title
Staphylococcus lugdunensis infective endocarditis: a literature review and analysis of risk factors.
  Journal
J Microbiol Immunol Infect 43:478-84 (2010)
DOI:10.1016/S1684-1182(10)60074-6
Reference
  Authors
Chopra A, Gulati D, Woldenberg N, Singh M
  Title
Intracardiac lead endocarditis due to Staphylococcus lugdunensis.
  Journal
Int J Infect Dis 14 Suppl 3:e291-3 (2010)
DOI:10.1016/j.ijid.2009.12.008
Reference
  Authors
Pada S, Lye DC, Leo YS, Barkham T
  Title
Utility of 16S ribosomal DNA sequencing in the diagnosis of Staphylococcus lugdunensis native valve infective endocarditis: case report and literature review.
  Journal
Int J Infect Dis 13:e511-3 (2009)
DOI:10.1016/j.ijid.2009.02.019
Reference
  Authors
van Duijkeren E, Catry B, Greko C, Moreno MA, Pomba MC, Pyorala S, Ruzauskas M, Sanders P, Threlfall EJ, Torren-Edo J, Torneke K
  Title
Review on methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius.
  Journal
J Antimicrob Chemother 66:2705-14 (2011)
DOI:10.1093/jac/dkr367
Reference
  Authors
Fitzgerald JR
  Title
The Staphylococcus intermedius group of bacterial pathogens: species re-classification, pathogenesis and the emergence of meticillin resistance.
  Journal
Vet Dermatol 20:490-5 (2009)
DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3164.2009.00828.x
Reference
  Authors
Weese JS, van Duijkeren E
  Title
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus pseudintermedius in veterinary medicine.
  Journal
Vet Microbiol 140:418-29 (2010)
DOI:10.1016/j.vetmic.2009.01.039
Reference
  Authors
Takeuchi F, Watanabe S, Baba T, Yuzawa H, Ito T, Morimoto Y, Kuroda M, Cui L, Takahashi M, Ankai A, Baba S, Fukui S, Lee JC, Hiramatsu K.
  Title
Whole-genome sequencing of staphylococcus haemolyticus uncovers the extreme plasticity of its genome and the evolution of human-colonizing staphylococcal species.
  Journal
J Bacteriol 187:7292-308 (2005)
DOI:10.1128/JB.187.21.7292-7308.2005
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