KEGG Modules

Carbohydrate metabolism
Central carbohydrate metabolism
M00001 Glycolysis (Embden-Meyerhof pathway), glucose => pyruvate [PATH:apln00010 apln01200 apln01100]
M00002 Glycolysis, core module involving three-carbon compounds [PATH:apln00010 apln01200 apln01230 apln01100]
M00003 Gluconeogenesis, oxaloacetate => fructose-6P [PATH:apln00010 apln00020 apln01100]
M00307 Pyruvate oxidation, pyruvate => acetyl-CoA [PATH:apln00010 apln00020 apln00620 apln00785 apln01200 apln01210 apln01100]
M00009 Citrate cycle (TCA cycle, Krebs cycle) [PATH:apln00020 apln01200 apln01100]
M00010 Citrate cycle, first carbon oxidation, oxaloacetate => 2-oxoglutarate [PATH:apln00020 apln01200 apln01210 apln01230 apln01100]
M00011 Citrate cycle, second carbon oxidation, 2-oxoglutarate => oxaloacetate [PATH:apln00020 apln01200 apln01210 apln01100]
M00004 Pentose phosphate pathway (Pentose phosphate cycle) [PATH:apln00030 apln01200 apln01100]
M00006 Pentose phosphate pathway, oxidative phase, glucose 6P => ribulose 5P [PATH:apln00030 apln01200 apln01100]
M00007 Pentose phosphate pathway, non-oxidative phase, fructose 6P => ribose 5P [PATH:apln00030 apln01200 apln01230 apln01100]
M00005 PRPP biosynthesis, ribose 5P => PRPP [PATH:apln00030 apln00230 apln01200 apln01230 apln01100]

Other carbohydrate metabolism
M00014 Glucuronate pathway (uronate pathway) [PATH:apln00040 apln01100]
M00632 Galactose degradation, Leloir pathway, galactose => alpha-D-glucose-1P [PATH:apln00052 apln01100]
M00854 Glycogen biosynthesis, glucose-1P => glycogen/starch [PATH:apln00500 apln01100]
M00855 Glycogen degradation, glycogen => glucose-6P [PATH:apln00500 apln01100]
M00549 Nucleotide sugar biosynthesis, glucose => UDP-glucose [PATH:apln00520 apln01250 apln01100]
M00554 Nucleotide sugar biosynthesis, galactose => UDP-galactose [PATH:apln00520 apln00052 apln01250 apln01100]
M00892 UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine biosynthesis, eukaryotes, glucose => UDP-GlcNAc [PATH:apln00520 apln01250 apln01100]
M00013 Malonate semialdehyde pathway, propanoyl-CoA => acetyl-CoA [PATH:apln00410 apln00640 apln01200 apln01100]
M00130 Inositol phosphate metabolism, PI=> PIP2 => Ins(1,4,5)P3 => Ins(1,3,4,5)P4 [PATH:apln00562 apln01100]
M00131 Inositol phosphate metabolism, Ins(1,3,4,5)P4 => Ins(1,3,4)P3 => myo-inositol [PATH:apln00562 apln01100]

Energy metabolism
Carbon fixation
Methane metabolism
Nitrogen metabolism
Sulfur metabolism
Photosynthesis
ATP synthesis
M00142 NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase, mitochondria [PATH:apln00190 apln01100]
M00143 NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) Fe-S protein/flavoprotein complex, mitochondria [PATH:apln00190 apln01100]
M00148 Succinate dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) [PATH:apln00190 apln01100]
M00151 Cytochrome bc1 complex respiratory unit [PATH:apln00190 apln01100]
M00158 F-type ATPase, eukaryotes [PATH:apln00190 apln01100]
M00160 V-type ATPase, eukaryotes [PATH:apln00190 apln01100]

Lipid metabolism
Fatty acid metabolism
M00082 Fatty acid biosynthesis, initiation [PATH:apln00061 apln01212 apln01100]
M00083 Fatty acid biosynthesis, elongation [PATH:apln00061 apln01212 apln01100]
M00085 Fatty acid elongation in mitochondria [PATH:apln00062 apln01212 apln01100]
M00415 Fatty acid elongation in endoplasmic reticulum [PATH:apln00062 apln01040 apln01212 apln01100]
M00086 beta-Oxidation, acyl-CoA synthesis [PATH:apln00061 apln00071 apln01212 apln01100]
M00087 beta-Oxidation [PATH:apln00071 apln01212 apln01100]
M00861 beta-Oxidation, peroxisome, VLCFA [PATH:apln01040 apln01212 apln01100]

Sterol biosynthesis
Lipid metabolism
M00089 Triacylglycerol biosynthesis [PATH:apln00561 apln01100]
M00098 Acylglycerol degradation [PATH:apln00561 apln01100]
M00092 Phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) biosynthesis, ethanolamine => PE [PATH:apln00564 apln01100]
M00094 Ceramide biosynthesis [PATH:apln00600 apln01100]
M00099 Sphingosine biosynthesis [PATH:apln00600 apln01100]
M00100 Sphingosine degradation [PATH:apln00600 apln01100]

Nucleotide metabolism
Purine metabolism
M00048 De novo purine biosynthesis, PRPP + glutamine => IMP [PATH:apln00230 apln01100]
M00049 Adenine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, IMP => ADP,ATP [PATH:apln00230 apln01232 apln01240 apln01100]
M00050 Guanine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, IMP => GDP,GTP [PATH:apln00230 apln01232 apln01100]
M00053 Deoxyribonucleotide biosynthesis, ADP/GDP/CDP/UDP => dATP/dGTP/dCTP/dUTP [PATH:apln00230 apln00240 apln01232 apln01100]
M00958 Adenine ribonucleotide degradation, AMP => Urate [PATH:apln00230 apln01232 apln01100]
M00959 Guanine ribonucleotide degradation, GMP => Urate [PATH:apln00230 apln01232 apln01100]

Pyrimidine metabolism
M00051 De novo pyrimidine biosynthesis, glutamine (+ PRPP) => UMP [PATH:apln00240 apln01240 apln01100]
M00052 Pyrimidine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, UMP => UDP/UTP,CDP/CTP [PATH:apln00240 apln01232 apln01240 apln01100]
M00938 Pyrimidine deoxyribonucleotide biosynthesis, UDP => dTTP [PATH:apln00240 apln01232 apln01100]
M00046 Pyrimidine degradation, uracil => beta-alanine, thymine => 3-aminoisobutanoate [PATH:apln00240 apln00410 apln00770 apln01100]

Amino acid metabolism
Serine and threonine metabolism
M00020 Serine biosynthesis, glycerate-3P => serine [PATH:apln00260 apln01200 apln01230 apln01100]
M00621 Glycine cleavage system [PATH:apln00260 apln00630 apln00785 apln01200 apln01100]

Cysteine and methionine metabolism
M00338 Cysteine biosynthesis, homocysteine + serine => cysteine [PATH:apln00260 apln00270 apln01230 apln01100]
M00034 Methionine salvage pathway [PATH:apln00270 apln01100]
M00035 Methionine degradation [PATH:apln00270 apln01100]

Branched-chain amino acid metabolism
M00036 Leucine degradation, leucine => acetoacetate + acetyl-CoA [PATH:apln00280 apln01100]

Lysine metabolism
M00032 Lysine degradation, lysine => saccharopine => acetoacetyl-CoA [PATH:apln00310 apln01210 apln01100]

Arginine and proline metabolism
M00015 Proline biosynthesis, glutamate => proline [PATH:apln00330 apln01230 apln01100]
M00970 Proline degradation, proline => glutamate [PATH:apln00330 apln01100]
M00972 Proline metabolism [PATH:apln00330 apln01100]

Polyamine biosynthesis
M00134 Polyamine biosynthesis, arginine => ornithine => putrescine [PATH:apln00330 apln01100]

Histidine metabolism
Aromatic amino acid metabolism
M00044 Tyrosine degradation, tyrosine => homogentisate [PATH:apln00350 apln01100]

Other amino acid metabolism
M00027 GABA (gamma-Aminobutyrate) shunt [PATH:apln00250 apln00650 apln01100]
M00118 Glutathione biosynthesis, glutamate => glutathione [PATH:apln00480 apln01240 apln01100]

Glycan metabolism
Glycan biosynthesis
M00073 N-glycan precursor trimming [PATH:apln00510 apln01100]

Glycosaminoglycan metabolism
M00057 Glycosaminoglycan biosynthesis, linkage tetrasaccharide [PATH:apln00532 apln00534 apln01100]
M00059 Glycosaminoglycan biosynthesis, heparan sulfate backbone [PATH:apln00534 apln01100]

Lipopolysaccharide metabolism
Other polysaccharide metabolism
Metabolism of cofactors and vitamins
Cofactor and vitamin metabolism
M00120 Coenzyme A biosynthesis, pantothenate => CoA [PATH:apln00770 apln01240 apln01100]
M00882 Lipoic acid biosynthesis, eukaryotes, octanoyl-ACP => dihydrolipoyl-H [PATH:apln00785 apln01240 apln01100]
M00883 Lipoic acid biosynthesis, animals and bacteria, octanoyl-ACP => dihydrolipoyl-H => dihydrolipoyl-E2 [PATH:apln00785 apln01240 apln01100]
M00842 Tetrahydrobiopterin biosynthesis, GTP => BH4 [PATH:apln00790 apln01240 apln01100]
M00880 Molybdenum cofactor biosynthesis, GTP => molybdenum cofactor [PATH:apln00790 apln01240 apln01100]
M00141 C1-unit interconversion, eukaryotes [PATH:apln00670 apln01240 apln01100]
M00868 Heme biosynthesis, animals and fungi, glycine => heme [PATH:apln00860 apln01240 apln01100]
M00128 Ubiquinone biosynthesis, eukaryotes, 4-hydroxybenzoate + polyprenyl-PP => ubiquinol [PATH:apln00130 apln01240 apln01100]

Biosynthesis of terpenoids and polyketides
Terpenoid backbone biosynthesis
M00095 C5 isoprenoid biosynthesis, mevalonate pathway [PATH:apln00900 apln01100]
M00367 C10-C20 isoprenoid biosynthesis, non-plant eukaryotes [PATH:apln00900 apln01100]

Plant terpenoid biosynthesis
Macrolide biosynthesis
Enediyne biosynthesis
Type II polyketide biosynthesis
Polyketide sugar unit biosynthesis
Biosynthesis of other secondary metabolites
Biosynthesis of phytochemical compounds
Biosynthesis of beta-lactams
Biosynthesis of other antibiotics
Biosynthesis of other fungal compounds
Biosynthesis of other bacterial compounds
Xenobiotics biodegradation
Aromatics degradation

Gene set
Pathogenicity
Drug resistance
Plant pathogenicity
Symbiosis
Module set
Metabolic capacity