KEGG Modules

Carbohydrate metabolism
Central carbohydrate metabolism
M00001 Glycolysis (Embden-Meyerhof pathway), glucose => pyruvate [PATH:bmy00010 bmy01200 bmy01100]
M00002 Glycolysis, core module involving three-carbon compounds [PATH:bmy00010 bmy01200 bmy01230 bmy01100]
M00003 Gluconeogenesis, oxaloacetate => fructose-6P [PATH:bmy00010 bmy00020 bmy01100]
M00307 Pyruvate oxidation, pyruvate => acetyl-CoA [PATH:bmy00010 bmy00020 bmy00620 bmy00785 bmy01200 bmy01210 bmy01100]
M00009 Citrate cycle (TCA cycle, Krebs cycle) [PATH:bmy00020 bmy01200 bmy01100]
M00010 Citrate cycle, first carbon oxidation, oxaloacetate => 2-oxoglutarate [PATH:bmy00020 bmy01200 bmy01210 bmy01230 bmy01100]
M00011 Citrate cycle, second carbon oxidation, 2-oxoglutarate => oxaloacetate [PATH:bmy00020 bmy01200 bmy01210 bmy01100]
M00004 Pentose phosphate pathway (Pentose phosphate cycle) [PATH:bmy00030 bmy01200 bmy01100]
M00006 Pentose phosphate pathway, oxidative phase, glucose 6P => ribulose 5P [PATH:bmy00030 bmy01200 bmy01100]
M00007 Pentose phosphate pathway, non-oxidative phase, fructose 6P => ribose 5P [PATH:bmy00030 bmy01200 bmy01230 bmy01100]
M00005 PRPP biosynthesis, ribose 5P => PRPP [PATH:bmy00030 bmy00230 bmy01200 bmy01230 bmy01100]

Other carbohydrate metabolism
M00632 Galactose degradation, Leloir pathway, galactose => alpha-D-glucose-1P [PATH:bmy00052 bmy01100]
M00854 Glycogen biosynthesis, glucose-1P => glycogen/starch [PATH:bmy00500 bmy01100]
M00855 Glycogen degradation, glycogen => glucose-6P [PATH:bmy00500 bmy01100]
M00012 Glyoxylate cycle [PATH:bmy00630 bmy01200 bmy01100]
M00982 Methylcitrate cycle [PATH:bmy00640 bmy00020 bmy01200 bmy01100]

Energy metabolism
Carbon fixation
M00579 Phosphate acetyltransferase-acetate kinase pathway, acetyl-CoA => acetate [PATH:bmy00430 bmy00620 bmy01200 bmy01100]

Methane metabolism
Nitrogen metabolism
Sulfur metabolism
Photosynthesis
ATP synthesis
M00148 Succinate dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) [PATH:bmy00190 bmy01100]
M00151 Cytochrome bc1 complex respiratory unit [PATH:bmy00190 bmy01100]
M00155 Cytochrome c oxidase, prokaryotes [PATH:bmy00190 bmy01100]
M00416 Cytochrome aa3-600 menaquinol oxidase [PATH:bmy00190 bmy01100]
M00157 F-type ATPase, prokaryotes and chloroplasts [PATH:bmy00190 bmy01100]

Lipid metabolism
Fatty acid metabolism
M00082 Fatty acid biosynthesis, initiation [PATH:bmy00061 bmy01212 bmy01100]
M00083 Fatty acid biosynthesis, elongation [PATH:bmy00061 bmy01212 bmy01100]
M00085 Fatty acid elongation in mitochondria [PATH:bmy00062 bmy01212 bmy01100]
M00415 Fatty acid elongation in endoplasmic reticulum [PATH:bmy00062 bmy01040 bmy01212 bmy01100]
M00086 beta-Oxidation, acyl-CoA synthesis [PATH:bmy00061 bmy00071 bmy01212 bmy01100]
M00087 beta-Oxidation [PATH:bmy00071 bmy01212 bmy01100]

Sterol biosynthesis
Lipid metabolism
M00089 Triacylglycerol biosynthesis [PATH:bmy00561 bmy01100]
M00092 Phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) biosynthesis, ethanolamine => PE [PATH:bmy00564 bmy01100]
M00093 Phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) biosynthesis, PA => PS => PE [PATH:bmy00564 bmy01100]
M00094 Ceramide biosynthesis [PATH:bmy00600 bmy01100]
M00099 Sphingosine biosynthesis [PATH:bmy00600 bmy01100]

Nucleotide metabolism
Purine metabolism
M00048 De novo purine biosynthesis, PRPP + glutamine => IMP [PATH:bmy00230 bmy01100]
M00049 Adenine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, IMP => ADP,ATP [PATH:bmy00230 bmy01232 bmy01240 bmy01100]
M00050 Guanine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, IMP => GDP,GTP [PATH:bmy00230 bmy01232 bmy01100]
M00053 Deoxyribonucleotide biosynthesis, ADP/GDP/CDP/UDP => dATP/dGTP/dCTP/dUTP [PATH:bmy00230 bmy00240 bmy01232 bmy01100]

Pyrimidine metabolism
M00052 Pyrimidine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, UMP => UDP/UTP,CDP/CTP [PATH:bmy00240 bmy01232 bmy01240 bmy01100]
M00938 Pyrimidine deoxyribonucleotide biosynthesis, UDP => dTTP [PATH:bmy00240 bmy01232 bmy01100]

Amino acid metabolism
Serine and threonine metabolism
M00018 Threonine biosynthesis, aspartate => homoserine => threonine [PATH:bmy00260 bmy01230 bmy01100]
M00621 Glycine cleavage system [PATH:bmy00260 bmy00630 bmy00670 bmy00785 bmy01200 bmy01100]

Cysteine and methionine metabolism
M00021 Cysteine biosynthesis, serine => cysteine [PATH:bmy00270 bmy00920 bmy01200 bmy01230 bmy01100]
M00338 Cysteine biosynthesis, homocysteine + serine => cysteine [PATH:bmy00260 bmy00270 bmy00670 bmy01230 bmy01100]
M00609 Cysteine biosynthesis, methionine => cysteine [PATH:bmy00270 bmy01230 bmy01100]
M00017 Methionine biosynthesis, aspartate => homoserine => methionine [PATH:bmy00270 bmy01230 bmy01100]
M00034 Methionine salvage pathway [PATH:bmy00270 bmy01100]

Branched-chain amino acid metabolism
M00019 Valine/isoleucine biosynthesis, pyruvate => valine / 2-oxobutanoate => isoleucine [PATH:bmy00290 bmy00770 bmy01210 bmy01230 bmy01100]
M00570 Isoleucine biosynthesis, threonine => 2-oxobutanoate => isoleucine [PATH:bmy00290 bmy01230 bmy01100]
M00432 Leucine biosynthesis, 2-oxoisovalerate => 2-oxoisocaproate [PATH:bmy00290 bmy01210 bmy01230 bmy01100]

Lysine metabolism
M00525 Lysine biosynthesis, acetyl-DAP pathway, aspartate => lysine [PATH:bmy01230 bmy01100]
M00527 Lysine biosynthesis, DAP aminotransferase pathway, aspartate => lysine [PATH:bmy01230 bmy01100]

Arginine and proline metabolism
M00028 Ornithine biosynthesis, glutamate => ornithine [PATH:bmy00220 bmy01210 bmy01230 bmy01100]
M00844 Arginine biosynthesis, ornithine => arginine [PATH:bmy00220 bmy01230 bmy01100]
M00015 Proline biosynthesis, glutamate => proline [PATH:bmy00330 bmy01230 bmy01100]
M00970 Proline degradation, proline => glutamate [PATH:bmy00330 bmy01100]
M00972 Proline metabolism [PATH:bmy00330 bmy01100]

Polyamine biosynthesis
M00133 Polyamine biosynthesis, arginine => agmatine => putrescine => spermidine [PATH:bmy00330 bmy01100]

Histidine metabolism
M00026 Histidine biosynthesis, PRPP => histidine [PATH:bmy00340 bmy01230 bmy01100]
M00045 Histidine degradation, histidine => N-formiminoglutamate => glutamate [PATH:bmy00340 bmy01100]

Aromatic amino acid metabolism
M00022 Shikimate pathway, phosphoenolpyruvate + erythrose-4P => chorismate [PATH:bmy00400 bmy01230 bmy01100]
M00023 Tryptophan biosynthesis, chorismate => tryptophan [PATH:bmy00400 bmy01230 bmy01100]

Other amino acid metabolism
M00027 GABA (gamma-Aminobutyrate) shunt [PATH:bmy00250 bmy00650 bmy01100]
M00118 Glutathione biosynthesis, glutamate => glutathione [PATH:bmy00480 bmy01240 bmy01100]

Glycan metabolism
Nucleotide sugar biosynthesis
M00549 Nucleotide sugar biosynthesis, glucose => UDP-glucose [PATH:bmy00520 bmy01250 bmy01100]
M00554 Nucleotide sugar biosynthesis, galactose => UDP-galactose [PATH:bmy00520 bmy00052 bmy01250 bmy01100]
M00909 UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine biosynthesis, prokaryotes, glucose => UDP-GlcNAc [PATH:bmy00520 bmy01250 bmy01100]
M00793 dTDP-L-rhamnose biosynthesis, glucose-1P => dTDP-L-Rha [PATH:bmy00541 bmy01250 bmy01100]

Glycan biosynthesis
M00073 N-glycan precursor trimming [PATH:bmy00510 bmy01100]

Glycosaminoglycan metabolism
M00057 Glycosaminoglycan biosynthesis, linkage tetrasaccharide [PATH:bmy00532 bmy00534 bmy01100]

Lipopolysaccharide metabolism
Other polysaccharide metabolism
Metabolism of cofactors and vitamins
Cofactor and vitamin metabolism
M00899 Thiamine salvage pathway, HMP/HET => TMP [PATH:bmy00730 bmy01100]
M00125 Riboflavin biosynthesis, plants and bacteria, GTP => riboflavin/FMN/FAD [PATH:bmy00740 bmy01240 bmy01100]
M00916 Pyridoxal-P biosynthesis, R5P + glyceraldehyde-3P + glutamine => pyridoxal-P [PATH:bmy00750 bmy01240 bmy01100]
M00115 NAD biosynthesis, aspartate => quinolinate => NAD [PATH:bmy00760 bmy01240 bmy01100]
M00119 Pantothenate biosynthesis, valine/L-aspartate => pantothenate [PATH:bmy00770 bmy01240 bmy01100]
M00120 Coenzyme A biosynthesis, pantothenate => CoA [PATH:bmy00770 bmy01240 bmy01100]
M00572 Pimeloyl-ACP biosynthesis, BioC-BioH pathway, malonyl-ACP => pimeloyl-ACP [PATH:bmy00780 bmy01240 bmy01100]
M00123 Biotin biosynthesis, pimeloyl-ACP/CoA => biotin [PATH:bmy00780 bmy01240 bmy01100]
M00882 Lipoic acid biosynthesis, eukaryotes, octanoyl-ACP => dihydrolipoyl-H [PATH:bmy00785 bmy01240 bmy01100]
M00883 Lipoic acid biosynthesis, animals and bacteria, octanoyl-ACP => dihydrolipoyl-H => dihydrolipoyl-E2 [PATH:bmy00785 bmy01240 bmy01100]
M00126 Tetrahydrofolate biosynthesis, GTP => THF [PATH:bmy00790 bmy00670 bmy01240 bmy01100]
M00842 Tetrahydrobiopterin biosynthesis, GTP => BH4 [PATH:bmy00790 bmy01240 bmy01100]
M00880 Molybdenum cofactor biosynthesis, GTP => molybdenum cofactor [PATH:bmy00790 bmy01240 bmy01100]
M00988 PreQ1 biosynthesis, GTP => 7-Aminomethyl-7-deazaguanine [PATH:bmy00790 bmy01100]
M00140 C1-unit interconversion, prokaryotes [PATH:bmy00670 bmy01240 bmy01100]
M00846 Siroheme biosynthesis, glutamyl-tRNA => siroheme [PATH:bmy00860 bmy01240 bmy01100]
M00121 Heme biosynthesis, plants and bacteria, glutamate => heme [PATH:bmy00860 bmy01240 bmy01100]
M00926 Heme biosynthesis, bacteria, glutamyl-tRNA => coproporphyrin III => heme [PATH:bmy00860 bmy01240 bmy01100]
M00116 Menaquinone biosynthesis, chorismate (+ polyprenyl-PP) => menaquinol [PATH:bmy00130 bmy01240 bmy01100]

Biosynthesis of terpenoids and polyketides
Terpenoid backbone biosynthesis
M00096 C5 isoprenoid biosynthesis, non-mevalonate pathway [PATH:bmy00900 bmy01100]
M00364 C10-C20 isoprenoid biosynthesis, bacteria [PATH:bmy00900 bmy01100]

Plant terpenoid biosynthesis
Macrolide biosynthesis
Enediyne biosynthesis
Type II polyketide biosynthesis
Polyketide sugar unit biosynthesis
Biosynthesis of other secondary metabolites
Biosynthesis of phytochemical compounds
Biosynthesis of beta-lactams
Biosynthesis of other antibiotics
Biosynthesis of other fungal compounds
Biosynthesis of other bacterial compounds
Xenobiotics biodegradation
Aromatics degradation
M00569 Catechol meta-cleavage, catechol => acetyl-CoA / 4-methylcatechol => propanoyl-CoA [PATH:bmy01100]

Gene set
Pathogenicity
Drug resistance
M00700 Multidrug resistance, efflux pump AbcA

Plant pathogenicity
Symbiosis
Module set
Metabolic capacity