KEGG Modules

Carbohydrate metabolism
Central carbohydrate metabolism
M00001 Glycolysis (Embden-Meyerhof pathway), glucose => pyruvate [PATH:bsp00010 bsp01200 bsp01100]
M00002 Glycolysis, core module involving three-carbon compounds [PATH:bsp00010 bsp01200 bsp01230 bsp01100]
M00003 Gluconeogenesis, oxaloacetate => fructose-6P [PATH:bsp00010 bsp00020 bsp01100]
M00009 Citrate cycle (TCA cycle, Krebs cycle) [PATH:bsp00020 bsp01200 bsp01100]
M00010 Citrate cycle, first carbon oxidation, oxaloacetate => 2-oxoglutarate [PATH:bsp00020 bsp01200 bsp01210 bsp01230 bsp01100]
M00011 Citrate cycle, second carbon oxidation, 2-oxoglutarate => oxaloacetate [PATH:bsp00020 bsp01200 bsp01100]
M00004 Pentose phosphate pathway (Pentose phosphate cycle) [PATH:bsp00030 bsp01200 bsp01100 bsp01120]
M00006 Pentose phosphate pathway, oxidative phase, glucose 6P => ribulose 5P [PATH:bsp00030 bsp01200 bsp01100 bsp01120]
M00007 Pentose phosphate pathway, non-oxidative phase, fructose 6P => ribose 5P [PATH:bsp00030 bsp01200 bsp01230 bsp01100 bsp01120]
M00005 PRPP biosynthesis, ribose 5P => PRPP [PATH:bsp00030 bsp00230 bsp01200 bsp01230 bsp01100]

Other carbohydrate metabolism
M00631 D-Galacturonate degradation (bacteria), D-galacturonate => pyruvate + D-glyceraldehyde 3P [PATH:bsp00040 bsp00030 bsp01100]
M00632 Galactose degradation, Leloir pathway, galactose => alpha-D-glucose-1P [PATH:bsp00052 bsp01100]
M00854 Glycogen biosynthesis, glucose-1P => glycogen/starch [PATH:bsp00500 bsp01100]
M00549 Nucleotide sugar biosynthesis, glucose => UDP-glucose [PATH:bsp00520 bsp01100]
M00554 Nucleotide sugar biosynthesis, galactose => UDP-galactose [PATH:bsp00520 bsp00052 bsp01100]
M00909 UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine biosynthesis, prokaryotes, glucose => UDP-GlcNAc [PATH:bsp00520 bsp01100]

Energy metabolism
Carbon fixation
M00579 Phosphate acetyltransferase-acetate kinase pathway, acetyl-CoA => acetate [PATH:bsp00430 bsp00620 bsp01200 bsp01100 bsp01120]

Methane metabolism
M00345 Formaldehyde assimilation, ribulose monophosphate pathway [PATH:bsp00030 bsp00680 bsp01200 bsp01230 bsp01100 bsp01120]

Nitrogen metabolism
M00530 Dissimilatory nitrate reduction, nitrate => ammonia [PATH:bsp00910 bsp01100 bsp01120]

Sulfur metabolism
M00176 Assimilatory sulfate reduction, sulfate => H2S [PATH:bsp00920 bsp01100 bsp01120]

Photosynthesis
ATP synthesis
M00151 Cytochrome bc1 complex respiratory unit [PATH:bsp00190]
M00155 Cytochrome c oxidase, prokaryotes [PATH:bsp00190]
M00416 Cytochrome aa3-600 menaquinol oxidase [PATH:bsp00190]
M00157 F-type ATPase, prokaryotes and chloroplasts [PATH:bsp00190]

Lipid metabolism
Fatty acid metabolism
M00082 Fatty acid biosynthesis, initiation [PATH:bsp00061 bsp01212 bsp01100]
M00083 Fatty acid biosynthesis, elongation [PATH:bsp00061 bsp01212 bsp01100]
M00086 beta-Oxidation, acyl-CoA synthesis [PATH:bsp00061 bsp00071 bsp01212 bsp01100]

Sterol biosynthesis
Lipid metabolism
M00093 Phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) biosynthesis, PA => PS => PE [PATH:bsp00564 bsp01100]

Nucleotide metabolism
Purine metabolism
M00048 Inosine monophosphate biosynthesis, PRPP + glutamine => IMP [PATH:bsp00230 bsp01100]
M00049 Adenine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, IMP => ADP,ATP [PATH:bsp00230 bsp01240 bsp01100]
M00050 Guanine ribonucleotide biosynthesis IMP => GDP,GTP [PATH:bsp00230 bsp01100]

Pyrimidine metabolism
M00052 Pyrimidine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, UMP => UDP/UTP,CDP/CTP [PATH:bsp00240 bsp01240 bsp01100]

Amino acid metabolism
Serine and threonine metabolism
M00018 Threonine biosynthesis, aspartate => homoserine => threonine [PATH:bsp00260 bsp01230 bsp01100 bsp01110]
M00555 Betaine biosynthesis, choline => betaine [PATH:bsp00260 bsp01100]

Cysteine and methionine metabolism
M00021 Cysteine biosynthesis, serine => cysteine [PATH:bsp00270 bsp00920 bsp01200 bsp01230 bsp01100 bsp01110]
M00609 Cysteine biosynthesis, methionine => cysteine [PATH:bsp00270 bsp01230 bsp01100]
M00017 Methionine biosynthesis, apartate => homoserine => methionine [PATH:bsp00270 bsp01230 bsp01100]

Branched-chain amino acid metabolism
M00019 Valine/isoleucine biosynthesis, pyruvate => valine / 2-oxobutanoate => isoleucine [PATH:bsp00290 bsp00770 bsp01210 bsp01230 bsp01100 bsp01110]
M00570 Isoleucine biosynthesis, threonine => 2-oxobutanoate => isoleucine [PATH:bsp00290 bsp01230 bsp01100]
M00432 Leucine biosynthesis, 2-oxoisovalerate => 2-oxoisocaproate [PATH:bsp00290 bsp01210 bsp01230 bsp01100 bsp01110]

Lysine metabolism
M00525 Lysine biosynthesis, acetyl-DAP pathway, aspartate => lysine [PATH:bsp00300 bsp01230 bsp01100]

Arginine and proline metabolism
M00028 Ornithine biosynthesis, glutamate => ornithine [PATH:bsp00220 bsp01210 bsp01230 bsp01100]
M00844 Arginine biosynthesis, ornithine => arginine [PATH:bsp00220 bsp01230 bsp01100]
M00015 Proline biosynthesis, glutamate => proline [PATH:bsp00330 bsp01230 bsp01100]

Polyamine biosynthesis
M00133 Polyamine biosynthesis, arginine => agmatine => putrescine => spermidine [PATH:bsp00330 bsp01100]
M00135 GABA biosynthesis, eukaryotes, putrescine => GABA [PATH:bsp00330 bsp01100]

Histidine metabolism
M00026 Histidine biosynthesis, PRPP => histidine [PATH:bsp00340 bsp01230 bsp01100 bsp01110]
M00045 Histidine degradation, histidine => N-formiminoglutamate => glutamate [PATH:bsp00340 bsp01100]

Aromatic amino acid metabolism
M00022 Shikimate pathway, phosphoenolpyruvate + erythrose-4P => chorismate [PATH:bsp00400 bsp01230 bsp01100 bsp01110]

Other amino acid metabolism
Glycan metabolism
Glycan biosynthesis
Glycosaminoglycan metabolism
Lipopolysaccharide metabolism
Metabolism of cofactors and vitamins
Cofactor and vitamin metabolism
M00895 Thiamine biosynthesis, prokaryotes, AIR (+ DXP/glycine) => TMP/TPP [PATH:bsp00730 bsp01240 bsp01100]
M00899 Thiamine salvage pathway, HMP/HET => TMP [PATH:bsp00730 bsp01100]
M00125 Riboflavin biosynthesis, plants and bacteria, GTP => riboflavin/FMN/FAD [PATH:bsp00740 bsp01240 bsp01100 bsp01110]
M00916 Pyridoxal-P biosynthesis, R5P + glyceraldehyde-3P + glutamine => pyridoxal-P [PATH:bsp00750 bsp01240 bsp01100]
M00115 NAD biosynthesis, aspartate => quinolinate => NAD [PATH:bsp00760 bsp01240 bsp01100]
M00119 Pantothenate biosynthesis, valine/L-aspartate => pantothenate [PATH:bsp00770 bsp01240 bsp01100 bsp01110]
M00120 Coenzyme A biosynthesis, pantothenate => CoA [PATH:bsp00770 bsp01240 bsp01100]
M00123 Biotin biosynthesis, pimeloyl-ACP/CoA => biotin [PATH:bsp00780 bsp01240 bsp01100]
M00573 Biotin biosynthesis, BioI pathway, long-chain-acyl-ACP => pimeloyl-ACP => biotin [PATH:bsp00780 bsp01240 bsp01100]
M00577 Biotin biosynthesis, BioW pathway, pimelate => pimeloyl-CoA => biotin [PATH:bsp00780 bsp01240 bsp01100]
M00883 Lipoic acid biosynthesis, animals and bacteria, octanoyl-ACP => dihydrolipoyl-H => dihydrolipoyl-E2 [PATH:bsp00785 bsp01240 bsp01100]
M00126 Tetrahydrofolate biosynthesis, GTP => THF [PATH:bsp00790 bsp00670 bsp01240 bsp01100]
M00880 Molybdenum cofactor biosynthesis, GTP => molybdenum cofactor [PATH:bsp00790 bsp01240 bsp01100]
M00846 Siroheme biosynthesis, glutamyl-tRNA => siroheme [PATH:bsp00860 bsp01240 bsp01100 bsp01110]
M00926 Heme biosynthesis, bacteria, glutamyl-tRNA => coproporphyrin III => heme [PATH:bsp00860 bsp01240 bsp01100]
M00116 Menaquinone biosynthesis, chorismate (+ polyprenyl-PP) => menaquinol [PATH:bsp00130 bsp01240 bsp01100 bsp01110]

Biosynthesis of terpenoids and polyketides
Terpenoid backbone biosynthesis
M00096 C5 isoprenoid biosynthesis, non-mevalonate pathway [PATH:bsp00900 bsp01100 bsp01110]
M00364 C10-C20 isoprenoid biosynthesis, bacteria [PATH:bsp00900 bsp01100 bsp01110]

Plant terpenoid biosynthesis
Macrolide biosynthesis
Enediyne biosynthesis
Type II polyketide biosynthesis
Polyketide sugar unit biosynthesis
Biosynthesis of other secondary metabolites
Biosynthesis of phytochemical compounds
Biosynthesis of beta-lactams
Biosynthesis of other antibiotics
M00877 Kanosamine biosynthesis glucose 6-phosphate => kanosamine [PATH:bsp00998 bsp01100 bsp01110]
M00787 Bacilysin biosynthesis, prephenate => bacilysin [PATH:bsp00998 bsp01100 bsp01110]

Biosynthesis of other fungal compounds
Biosynthesis of other bacterial compounds
Xenobiotics biodegradation
Aromatics degradation

Gene set
Pathogenicity
Drug resistance
M00700 Multidrug resistance, efflux pump AbcA

Plant pathogenicity
Symbiosis
Module set
Metabolic capacity