KEGG   PATHWAY: ecra00260
Entry
ecra00260                   Pathway                                
Name
Glycine, serine and threonine metabolism - Etheostoma cragini (Arkansas darter)
Description
Serine is derived from 3-phospho-D-glycerate, an intermediate of glycolysis [MD:M00020], and glycine is derived from serine. Threonine is an essential amino acid, which animals cannot synthesize. In bacteria and plants, threonine is derived from aspartate [MD:M00018].
Class
Metabolism; Amino acid metabolism
Pathway map
ecra00260  Glycine, serine and threonine metabolism
ecra00260

Module
ecra_M00020  Serine biosynthesis, glycerate-3P => serine [PATH:ecra00260]
ecra_M00047  Creatine pathway [PATH:ecra00260]
ecra_M00338  Cysteine biosynthesis, homocysteine + serine => cysteine [PATH:ecra00260]
ecra_M00555  Betaine biosynthesis, choline => betaine [PATH:ecra00260]
ecra_M00621  Glycine cleavage system [PATH:ecra00260]
ecra_M00974  Betaine metabolism, animals, betaine => glycine [PATH:ecra00260]
Other DBs
GO: 0006544 0006563 0070178 0006566
Organism
Etheostoma cragini (Arkansas darter) [GN:ecra]
Gene
117936448  tha1; threonine aldolase 1 [KO:K01620] [EC:4.1.2.48]
117943396  shmt2; serine hydroxymethyltransferase, mitochondrial [KO:K00600] [EC:2.1.2.1]
117958049  shmt1; serine hydroxymethyltransferase, cytosolic [KO:K00600] [EC:2.1.2.1]
117950274  agxta; alanine--glyoxylate and serine--pyruvate aminotransferase a [KO:K00830] [EC:2.6.1.44 2.6.1.45 2.6.1.51]
117953845  agxtb; alanine--glyoxylate and serine--pyruvate aminotransferase b [KO:K00830] [EC:2.6.1.44 2.6.1.45 2.6.1.51]
117936114  grhprb; glyoxylate reductase/hydroxypyruvate reductase b [KO:K00049] [EC:1.1.1.79 1.1.1.81]
117951855  grhpra; glyoxylate reductase/hydroxypyruvate reductase isoform X1 [KO:K00049] [EC:1.1.1.79 1.1.1.81]
117942976  glyctk; glycerate kinase [KO:K11529] [EC:2.7.1.165]
117959393  pgam1b; phosphoglycerate mutase 1b [KO:K01834] [EC:5.4.2.11]
117959435  pgam2; phosphoglycerate mutase 2 [KO:K01834] [EC:5.4.2.11]
117959990  phosphoglycerate mutase 1-like [KO:K01834] [EC:5.4.2.11]
117949451  bpgm; bisphosphoglycerate mutase isoform X1 [KO:K01837] [EC:5.4.2.4 5.4.2.11]
117952620  phgdh; D-3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase [KO:K00058] [EC:1.1.1.95 1.1.1.399]
117944204  psat1; phosphoserine aminotransferase [KO:K00831] [EC:2.6.1.52]
117941972  psph; phosphoserine phosphatase isoform X1 [KO:K01079] [EC:3.1.3.3]
117957947  gcat; 2-amino-3-ketobutyrate coenzyme A ligase, mitochondrial [KO:K00639] [EC:2.3.1.29]
117935372  tdh2; L-threonine dehydrogenase 2 [KO:K15789] [EC:1.1.1.103]
117939416  L-threonine 3-dehydrogenase, mitochondrial-like [KO:K15789] [EC:1.1.1.103]
117961407  tdh; L-threonine dehydrogenase [KO:K15789] [EC:1.1.1.103]
117943032  alas1; 5-aminolevulinate synthase, nonspecific, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K00643] [EC:2.3.1.37]
117947295  alas2; 5-aminolevulinate synthase, erythroid-specific, mitochondrial [KO:K00643] [EC:2.3.1.37]
117948222  5-aminolevulinate synthase, nonspecific, mitochondrial-like [KO:K00643] [EC:2.3.1.37]
117959473  si:ch211-127i16.2; probable flavin-containing monoamine oxidase A [KO:K00274] [EC:1.4.3.4]
117953103  mao; amine oxidase [flavin-containing] [KO:K00274] [EC:1.4.3.4]
117957909  aoc2; retina-specific copper amine oxidase [KO:K00276] [EC:1.4.3.21]
117944333  gldc; glycine dehydrogenase (decarboxylating), mitochondrial [KO:K00281] [EC:1.4.4.2]
117947733  amt; aminomethyltransferase, mitochondrial [KO:K00605] [EC:2.1.2.10]
117948986  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase, mitochondrial-like [KO:K00382] [EC:1.8.1.4]
117948645  gcshb; glycine cleavage system protein H (aminomethyl carrier), b [KO:K02437]
117949359  glycine cleavage system H protein, mitochondrial-like [KO:K02437]
117944970  D-amino-acid oxidase-like [KO:K00273] [EC:1.4.3.3]
117959251  agxt2; alanine--glyoxylate aminotransferase 2, mitochondrial [KO:K00827] [EC:2.6.1.44 2.6.1.40]
117947582  gatm; glycine amidinotransferase, mitochondrial [KO:K00613] [EC:2.1.4.1]
117950909  gamt; guanidinoacetate N-methyltransferase [KO:K00542] [EC:2.1.1.2]
117947515  chdh; choline dehydrogenase, mitochondrial [KO:K00108] [EC:1.1.99.1]
117950645  aldh7a1; alpha-aminoadipic semialdehyde dehydrogenase isoform X1 [KO:K14085] [EC:1.2.1.31 1.2.1.8 1.2.1.3]
117945057  betaine--homocysteine S-methyltransferase 1-like [KO:K00544] [EC:2.1.1.5]
117945058  betaine--homocysteine S-methyltransferase 1-like [KO:K00544] [EC:2.1.1.5]
117945219  betaine--homocysteine S-methyltransferase 1-like [KO:K00544] [EC:2.1.1.5]
117959558  bhmt; betaine--homocysteine S-methyltransferase 1 [KO:K00544] [EC:2.1.1.5]
117959334  dmgdh; dimethylglycine dehydrogenase, mitochondrial [KO:K00315] [EC:1.5.8.4]
117941675  pipox; peroxisomal sarcosine oxidase [KO:K00306] [EC:1.5.3.1 1.5.3.7]
117959051  sardh; sarcosine dehydrogenase, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K00314] [EC:1.5.8.3]
117935637  gnmt; glycine N-methyltransferase [KO:K00552] [EC:2.1.1.20]
117953208  cbsb; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: cystathionine beta-synthase b [KO:K01697] [EC:4.2.1.22]
117939669  cbsa; cystathionine beta-synthase a [KO:K01697] [EC:4.2.1.22]
117950595  cystathionine gamma-lyase-like [KO:K01758] [EC:4.4.1.1]
117960700  L-threo-3-hydroxyaspartate ammonia-lyase [KO:K01754] [EC:4.3.1.19]
117935377  sdsl; serine dehydratase-like [KO:K17989] [EC:4.3.1.17 4.3.1.19]
117945070  L-serine dehydratase/L-threonine deaminase-like [KO:K17989] [EC:4.3.1.17 4.3.1.19]
Compound
C00011  CO2
C00014  Ammonia
C00022  Pyruvate
C00037  Glycine
C00048  Glyoxylate
C00049  L-Aspartate
C00065  L-Serine
C00078  L-Tryptophan
C00097  L-Cysteine
C00101  Tetrahydrofolate
C00109  2-Oxobutanoate
C00114  Choline
C00143  5,10-Methylenetetrahydrofolate
C00168  Hydroxypyruvate
C00188  L-Threonine
C00197  3-Phospho-D-glycerate
C00213  Sarcosine
C00258  D-Glycerate
C00263  L-Homoserine
C00300  Creatine
C00430  5-Aminolevulinate
C00441  L-Aspartate 4-semialdehyde
C00546  Methylglyoxal
C00576  Betaine aldehyde
C00581  Guanidinoacetate
C00631  2-Phospho-D-glycerate
C00719  Betaine
C00740  D-Serine
C00986  1,3-Diaminopropane
C01005  O-Phospho-L-serine
C01026  N,N-Dimethylglycine
C01102  O-Phospho-L-homoserine
C01242  [Protein]-S8-aminomethyldihydrolipoyllysine
C01888  Aminoacetone
C02051  Lipoylprotein
C02291  L-Cystathionine
C02737  Phosphatidylserine
C02972  Dihydrolipoylprotein
C03082  4-Phospho-L-aspartate
C03194  (R)-1-Aminopropan-2-ol
C03232  3-Phosphonooxypyruvate
C03283  L-2,4-Diaminobutanoate
C03508  L-2-Amino-3-oxobutanoic acid
C05519  L-Allothreonine
C06231  Ectoine
C06442  N(gamma)-Acetyldiaminobutyrate
C16432  5-Hydroxyectoine
C19929  N(alpha)-Acetyl-L-2,4-diaminobutyrate
Reference
  Authors
Nishizuka Y, Seyama Y, Ikai A, Ishimura Y, Kawaguchi A (eds).
  Title
[Cellular Functions and Metabolic Maps] (In Japanese)
  Journal
Tokyo Kagaku Dojin (1997)
Reference
PMID:11823218
  Authors
Kuhlmann AU, Bremer E.
  Title
Osmotically regulated synthesis of the compatible solute ectoine in Bacillus pasteurii and related Bacillus spp.
  Journal
Appl Environ Microbiol 68:772-83 (2002)
DOI:10.1128/AEM.68.2.772-783.2002
Reference
PMID:10473374
  Authors
Canovas D, Borges N, Vargas C, Ventosa A, Nieto JJ, Santos H.
  Title
Role of Ngamma-acetyldiaminobutyrate as an enzyme stabilizer and an intermediate in the biosynthesis of hydroxyectoine.
  Journal
Appl Environ Microbiol 65:3774-9 (1999)
DOI:10.1128/AEM.65.9.3774-3779.1999
Reference
PMID:17636255
  Authors
Bursy J, Pierik AJ, Pica N, Bremer E.
  Title
Osmotically induced synthesis of the compatible solute hydroxyectoine is mediated by an evolutionarily conserved ectoine hydroxylase.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 282:31147-55 (2007)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.M704023200
Reference
PMID:16707670
  Authors
Garcia-Estepa R, Argandona M, Reina-Bueno M, Capote N, Iglesias-Guerra F, Nieto JJ, Vargas C.
  Title
The ectD gene, which is involved in the synthesis of the compatible solute hydroxyectoine, is essential for thermoprotection of the halophilic bacterium Chromohalobacter salexigens.
  Journal
J Bacteriol 188:3774-84 (2006)
DOI:10.1128/JB.00136-06
Reference
PMID:15470257
  Authors
Arevalo-Rodriguez M, Pan X, Boeke JD, Heitman J
  Title
FKBP12 controls aspartate pathway flux in Saccharomyces cerevisiae to prevent toxic intermediate accumulation.
  Journal
Eukaryot Cell 3:1287-96 (2004)
DOI:10.1128/EC.3.5.1287-1296.2004
Reference
PMID:7639721
  Authors
Rees WD, Hay SM
  Title
The biosynthesis of threonine by mammalian cells: expression of a complete bacterial biosynthetic pathway in an animal cell.
  Journal
Biochem J 309 ( Pt 3):999-1007 (1995)
DOI:10.1042/bj3090999
Reference
PMID:11341914
  Authors
Jacques SL, Nieman C, Bareich D, Broadhead G, Kinach R, Honek JF, Wright GD
  Title
Characterization of yeast homoserine dehydrogenase, an antifungal target: the invariant histidine 309 is important for enzyme integrity.
  Journal
Biochim Biophys Acta 1544:28-41 (2001)
DOI:10.1016/S0167-4838(00)00203-X
Reference
PMID:15520012
  Authors
Chen X, Jhee KH, Kruger WD
  Title
Production of the neuromodulator H2S by cystathionine beta-synthase via the condensation of cysteine and homocysteine.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 279:52082-6 (2004)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.C400481200
Related
pathway
ecra00010  Glycolysis / Gluconeogenesis
ecra00020  Citrate cycle (TCA cycle)
ecra00230  Purine metabolism
ecra00250  Alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism
ecra00270  Cysteine and methionine metabolism
ecra00290  Valine, leucine and isoleucine biosynthesis
ecra00330  Arginine and proline metabolism
ecra00470  D-Amino acid metabolism
ecra00564  Glycerophospholipid metabolism
ecra00600  Sphingolipid metabolism
ecra00620  Pyruvate metabolism
ecra00630  Glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism
ecra00640  Propanoate metabolism
ecra00860  Porphyrin metabolism
ecra00920  Sulfur metabolism
KO pathway
ko00260   
LinkDB

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