KEGG   PATHWAY: mln00260
Entry
mln00260                    Pathway                                
Name
Glycine, serine and threonine metabolism - Mesorhizobium loti NZP2037
Description
Serine is derived from 3-phospho-D-glycerate, an intermediate of glycolysis [MD:M00020], and glycine is derived from serine. Threonine is an essential amino acid, which animals cannot synthesize. In bacteria and plants, threonine is derived from aspartate [MD:M00018].
Class
Metabolism; Amino acid metabolism
Pathway map
mln00260  Glycine, serine and threonine metabolism
mln00260

Module
mln_M00018  Threonine biosynthesis, aspartate => homoserine => threonine [PATH:mln00260]
mln_M00020  Serine biosynthesis, glycerate-3P => serine [PATH:mln00260]
mln_M00033  Ectoine biosynthesis, aspartate => ectoine [PATH:mln00260]
mln_M00338  Cysteine biosynthesis, homocysteine + serine => cysteine [PATH:mln00260]
mln_M00555  Betaine biosynthesis, choline => betaine [PATH:mln00260]
mln_M00621  Glycine cleavage system [PATH:mln00260]
mln_M00919  Ectoine degradation, ectoine => aspartate [PATH:mln00260]
mln_M00975  Betaine degradation, bacteria, betaine => pyruvate [PATH:mln00260]
Other DBs
GO: 0006544 0006563 0070178 0006566
Organism
Mesorhizobium loti NZP2037 [GN:mln]
Gene
A9174_08290  aspartate kinase [KO:K00928] [EC:2.7.2.4]
A9174_04725  aspartate-semialdehyde dehydrogenase [KO:K00133] [EC:1.2.1.11]
A9174_21250  homoserine dehydrogenase [KO:K00003] [EC:1.1.1.3]
A9174_28410  homoserine kinase [KO:K02204] [EC:2.7.1.39]
A9174_34635  threonine synthase [KO:K01733] [EC:4.2.3.1]
A9174_28355  threonine synthase [KO:K01733] [EC:4.2.3.1]
A9174_09720  threonine aldolase [KO:K01620] [EC:4.1.2.48]
A9174_34215  glyA; serine hydroxymethyltransferase [KO:K00600] [EC:2.1.2.1]
A9174_31680  glyA; serine hydroxymethyltransferase [KO:K00600] [EC:2.1.2.1]
A9174_25410  glyA; serine hydroxymethyltransferase [KO:K00600] [EC:2.1.2.1]
A9174_19870  serine--glyoxylate aminotransferase [KO:K00830] [EC:2.6.1.44 2.6.1.45 2.6.1.51]
A9174_00350  glyoxylate/hydroxypyruvate reductase A [KO:K12972] [EC:1.1.1.79 1.1.1.81]
A9174_13315  glyoxylate/hydroxypyruvate reductase A [KO:K12972] [EC:1.1.1.79 1.1.1.81]
A9174_01765  hydroxypyruvate reductase [KO:K11529] [EC:2.7.1.165]
A9174_03820  2,3-bisphosphoglycerate-dependent phosphoglycerate mutase [KO:K01834] [EC:5.4.2.11]
A9174_06485  phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase [KO:K00058] [EC:1.1.1.95 1.1.1.399]
A9174_08610  dehydrogenase [KO:K00058] [EC:1.1.1.95 1.1.1.399]
A9174_35105  phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase [KO:K00058] [EC:1.1.1.95 1.1.1.399]
A9174_29270  oxidoreductase [KO:K00058] [EC:1.1.1.95 1.1.1.399]
A9174_06480  phosphoserine aminotransferase [KO:K00831] [EC:2.6.1.52]
A9174_18865  phosphoserine phosphatase SerB [KO:K01079] [EC:3.1.3.3]
A9174_25875  glycine C-acetyltransferase [KO:K00639] [EC:2.3.1.29]
A9174_25870  L-threonine 3-dehydrogenase [KO:K00060] [EC:1.1.1.103]
A9174_15055  5-aminolevulinic acid synthase [KO:K00643] [EC:2.3.1.37]
A9174_33195  5-aminolevulinic acid synthase [KO:K00643] [EC:2.3.1.37]
A9174_07305  monoamine oxidase [KO:K00274] [EC:1.4.3.4]
A9174_21445  glycine dehydrogenase (aminomethyl-transferring) [KO:K00281] [EC:1.4.4.2]
A9174_07270  glycine cleavage system protein T [KO:K00605] [EC:2.1.2.10]
A9174_21455  glycine cleavage system protein T [KO:K00605] [EC:2.1.2.10]
A9174_03360  glycine cleavage system protein T [KO:K00605] [EC:2.1.2.10]
A9174_29070  aminomethyltransferase [KO:K00605] [EC:2.1.2.10]
A9174_29140  aminomethyltransferase [KO:K00605] [EC:2.1.2.10]
A9174_04455  dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase [KO:K00382] [EC:1.8.1.4]
A9174_23255  dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase [KO:K00382] [EC:1.8.1.4]
A9174_05070  dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase [KO:K00382] [EC:1.8.1.4]
A9174_21450  glycine cleavage system protein H [KO:K02437]
A9174_27160  CDP-diacylglycerol--serine O-phosphatidyltransferase [KO:K17103] [EC:2.7.8.8]
A9174_27965  choline dehydrogenase [KO:K00108] [EC:1.1.99.1]
A9174_27970  betaine-aldehyde dehydrogenase [KO:K00130] [EC:1.2.1.8]
A9174_01950  Rieske (2Fe-2S) protein [KO:K00479] [EC:1.14.13.251]
A9174_01955  hybrid-cluster NAD(P)-dependent oxidoreductase [KO:K21832] [EC:1.14.13.251]
A9174_01365  glycine cleavage system protein T [KO:K00315] [EC:1.5.8.4]
A9174_12360  glycine cleavage system protein T [KO:K00315] [EC:1.5.8.4]
A9174_18565  glycine cleavage system protein T [KO:K00315] [EC:1.5.8.4]
A9174_20015  dimethylglycine dehydrogenase [KO:K00315] [EC:1.5.8.4]
A9174_20275  glycine cleavage system protein T [KO:K00315] [EC:1.5.8.4]
A9174_18060  glycine cleavage system protein T [KO:K00315] [EC:1.5.8.4]
A9174_30160  dehydrogenase [KO:K00315] [EC:1.5.8.4]
A9174_30190  aminomethyltransferase [KO:K00302] [EC:1.5.3.24 1.5.3.1]
A9174_09435  sarcosine oxidase subunit alpha [KO:K00302] [EC:1.5.3.24 1.5.3.1]
A9174_01380  sarcosine oxidase subunit alpha family protein [KO:K00302] [EC:1.5.3.24 1.5.3.1]
A9174_01370  sarcosine oxidase subunit beta [KO:K00303] [EC:1.5.3.24 1.5.3.1]
A9174_09420  sarcosine oxidase subunit beta [KO:K00303] [EC:1.5.3.24 1.5.3.1]
A9174_30180  sarcosine oxidase subunit beta [KO:K00303] [EC:1.5.3.24 1.5.3.1]
A9174_01385  hypothetical protein [KO:K00305] [EC:1.5.3.24 1.5.3.1]
A9174_09440  sarcosine oxidase subunit gamma [KO:K00305] [EC:1.5.3.24 1.5.3.1]
A9174_30195  hypothetical protein [KO:K00305] [EC:1.5.3.24 1.5.3.1]
A9174_34210  sarcosine oxidase [KO:K00305] [EC:1.5.3.24 1.5.3.1]
A9174_09430  sarcosine oxidase subunit delta [KO:K00304] [EC:1.5.3.24 1.5.3.1]
A9174_30185  sarcosine oxidase subunit delta [KO:K00304] [EC:1.5.3.24 1.5.3.1]
A9174_01375  sarcosine oxidase subunit delta [KO:K00304] [EC:1.5.3.24 1.5.3.1]
A9174_04325  cystathionine beta-synthase [KO:K01697] [EC:4.2.1.22]
A9174_04330  cystathionine beta-lyase [KO:K01758] [EC:4.4.1.1]
A9174_18385  cystathionine gamma-lyase [KO:K01758] [EC:4.4.1.1]
A9174_22320  L-serine ammonia-lyase [KO:K01752] [EC:4.3.1.17]
A9174_34225  L-serine ammonia-lyase [KO:K01752] [EC:4.3.1.17]
A9174_07990  threonine dehydratase [KO:K01754] [EC:4.3.1.19]
A9174_03995  pyridoxal-5'-phosphate-dependent protein [KO:K01754] [EC:4.3.1.19]
A9174_24150  threonine dehydratase [KO:K01754] [EC:4.3.1.19]
A9174_29935  hydroxyectoine utilization dehydratase EutB [KO:K01754] [EC:4.3.1.19]
A9174_05880  aspartate/glutamate racemase [KO:K25316] [EC:5.1.1.10]
A9174_02070  tryptophan synthase subunit alpha [KO:K01695] [EC:4.2.1.20]
A9174_10650  tryptophan synthase subunit beta [KO:K01696] [EC:4.2.1.20]
A9174_02075  tryptophan synthase subunit beta [KO:K01696] [EC:4.2.1.20]
A9174_31335  diaminobutyrate--2-oxoglutarate transaminase [KO:K00836] [EC:2.6.1.76]
A9174_32010  diaminobutyrate--2-oxoglutarate transaminase [KO:K00836] [EC:2.6.1.76]
A9174_32180  diaminobutyrate--2-oxoglutarate transaminase [KO:K00836] [EC:2.6.1.76]
A9174_32250  diaminobutyrate--2-oxoglutarate transaminase [KO:K00836] [EC:2.6.1.76]
A9174_31330  diaminobutyrate acetyltransferase [KO:K06718] [EC:2.3.1.178]
A9174_31340  L-ectoine synthase [KO:K06720] [EC:4.2.1.108]
A9174_31385  ectoine hydrolase DoeA [KO:K15783] [EC:3.5.4.44]
A9174_32045  ectoine hydrolase DoeA [KO:K15783] [EC:3.5.4.44]
A9174_29925  ectoine hydrolase DoeA [KO:K15783] [EC:3.5.4.44]
A9174_24825  ectoine hydrolase DoeA [KO:K15783] [EC:3.5.4.44]
A9174_31390  N-alpha-acetyl diaminobutyric acid deacetylase DoeB [KO:K15784] [EC:3.5.1.125]
A9174_31775  peptidase M14 [KO:K15784] [EC:3.5.1.125]
A9174_29920  N-alpha-acetyl diaminobutyric acid deacetylase DoeB [KO:K15784] [EC:3.5.1.125]
A9174_31725  hypothetical protein [KO:K15785] [EC:2.6.1.76]
A9174_32035  hypothetical protein [KO:K15785] [EC:2.6.1.76]
A9174_29980  hypothetical protein [KO:K15785] [EC:2.6.1.76]
A9174_29975  NAD-dependent succinate-semialdehyde dehydrogenase [KO:K15786] [EC:1.2.1.-]
Compound
C00011  CO2
C00014  Ammonia
C00022  Pyruvate
C00037  Glycine
C00048  Glyoxylate
C00049  L-Aspartate
C00065  L-Serine
C00078  L-Tryptophan
C00097  L-Cysteine
C00101  Tetrahydrofolate
C00109  2-Oxobutanoate
C00114  Choline
C00143  5,10-Methylenetetrahydrofolate
C00168  Hydroxypyruvate
C00188  L-Threonine
C00197  3-Phospho-D-glycerate
C00213  Sarcosine
C00258  D-Glycerate
C00263  L-Homoserine
C00300  Creatine
C00430  5-Aminolevulinate
C00441  L-Aspartate 4-semialdehyde
C00546  Methylglyoxal
C00576  Betaine aldehyde
C00581  Guanidinoacetate
C00631  2-Phospho-D-glycerate
C00719  Betaine
C00740  D-Serine
C00986  1,3-Diaminopropane
C01005  O-Phospho-L-serine
C01026  N,N-Dimethylglycine
C01102  O-Phospho-L-homoserine
C01242  [Protein]-S8-aminomethyldihydrolipoyllysine
C01888  Aminoacetone
C02051  Lipoylprotein
C02291  L-Cystathionine
C02737  Phosphatidylserine
C02972  Dihydrolipoylprotein
C03082  4-Phospho-L-aspartate
C03194  (R)-1-Aminopropan-2-ol
C03232  3-Phosphonooxypyruvate
C03283  L-2,4-Diaminobutanoate
C03508  L-2-Amino-3-oxobutanoic acid
C05519  L-Allothreonine
C06231  Ectoine
C06442  N(gamma)-Acetyldiaminobutyrate
C16432  5-Hydroxyectoine
C19929  N(alpha)-Acetyl-L-2,4-diaminobutyrate
Reference
  Authors
Nishizuka Y, Seyama Y, Ikai A, Ishimura Y, Kawaguchi A (eds).
  Title
[Cellular Functions and Metabolic Maps] (In Japanese)
  Journal
Tokyo Kagaku Dojin (1997)
Reference
PMID:11823218
  Authors
Kuhlmann AU, Bremer E.
  Title
Osmotically regulated synthesis of the compatible solute ectoine in Bacillus pasteurii and related Bacillus spp.
  Journal
Appl Environ Microbiol 68:772-83 (2002)
DOI:10.1128/AEM.68.2.772-783.2002
Reference
PMID:10473374
  Authors
Canovas D, Borges N, Vargas C, Ventosa A, Nieto JJ, Santos H.
  Title
Role of Ngamma-acetyldiaminobutyrate as an enzyme stabilizer and an intermediate in the biosynthesis of hydroxyectoine.
  Journal
Appl Environ Microbiol 65:3774-9 (1999)
DOI:10.1128/AEM.65.9.3774-3779.1999
Reference
PMID:17636255
  Authors
Bursy J, Pierik AJ, Pica N, Bremer E.
  Title
Osmotically induced synthesis of the compatible solute hydroxyectoine is mediated by an evolutionarily conserved ectoine hydroxylase.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 282:31147-55 (2007)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.M704023200
Reference
PMID:16707670
  Authors
Garcia-Estepa R, Argandona M, Reina-Bueno M, Capote N, Iglesias-Guerra F, Nieto JJ, Vargas C.
  Title
The ectD gene, which is involved in the synthesis of the compatible solute hydroxyectoine, is essential for thermoprotection of the halophilic bacterium Chromohalobacter salexigens.
  Journal
J Bacteriol 188:3774-84 (2006)
DOI:10.1128/JB.00136-06
Reference
PMID:15470257
  Authors
Arevalo-Rodriguez M, Pan X, Boeke JD, Heitman J
  Title
FKBP12 controls aspartate pathway flux in Saccharomyces cerevisiae to prevent toxic intermediate accumulation.
  Journal
Eukaryot Cell 3:1287-96 (2004)
DOI:10.1128/EC.3.5.1287-1296.2004
Reference
PMID:7639721
  Authors
Rees WD, Hay SM
  Title
The biosynthesis of threonine by mammalian cells: expression of a complete bacterial biosynthetic pathway in an animal cell.
  Journal
Biochem J 309 ( Pt 3):999-1007 (1995)
DOI:10.1042/bj3090999
Reference
PMID:11341914
  Authors
Jacques SL, Nieman C, Bareich D, Broadhead G, Kinach R, Honek JF, Wright GD
  Title
Characterization of yeast homoserine dehydrogenase, an antifungal target: the invariant histidine 309 is important for enzyme integrity.
  Journal
Biochim Biophys Acta 1544:28-41 (2001)
DOI:10.1016/S0167-4838(00)00203-X
Reference
PMID:15520012
  Authors
Chen X, Jhee KH, Kruger WD
  Title
Production of the neuromodulator H2S by cystathionine beta-synthase via the condensation of cysteine and homocysteine.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 279:52082-6 (2004)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.C400481200
Related
pathway
mln00010  Glycolysis / Gluconeogenesis
mln00020  Citrate cycle (TCA cycle)
mln00230  Purine metabolism
mln00250  Alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism
mln00270  Cysteine and methionine metabolism
mln00290  Valine, leucine and isoleucine biosynthesis
mln00300  Lysine biosynthesis
mln00330  Arginine and proline metabolism
mln00460  Cyanoamino acid metabolism
mln00470  D-Amino acid metabolism
mln00564  Glycerophospholipid metabolism
mln00600  Sphingolipid metabolism
mln00620  Pyruvate metabolism
mln00630  Glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism
mln00640  Propanoate metabolism
mln00680  Methane metabolism
mln00860  Porphyrin metabolism
mln00920  Sulfur metabolism
KO pathway
ko00260   
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