KEGG   PATHWAY: mrv04371
Entry
mrv04371                    Pathway                                
Name
Apelin signaling pathway - Mauremys reevesii (Reeves's turtle)
Description
Apelin is an endogenous peptide capable of binding the apelin receptor (APJ), which was originally described as an orphan G-protein-coupled receptor. Apelin and APJ are widely expressed in various tissues and organ systems. They are implicated in different key physiological processes such as angiogenesis, cardiovascular functions, cell proliferation and energy metabolism regulation. On the other hand, this ligand receptor couple is also involved in several pathologies including diabetes, obesity, cardiovascular disease and cancer.
Class
Environmental Information Processing; Signal transduction
Pathway map
mrv04371  Apelin signaling pathway
mrv04371

Other DBs
GO: 0060183
Organism
Mauremys reevesii (Reeves's turtle) [GN:mrv]
Gene
120398088  ADCY1; adenylate cyclase type 1 [KO:K08041] [EC:4.6.1.1]
120397653  ADCY2; adenylate cyclase type 2 [KO:K08042] [EC:4.6.1.1]
120401447  ADCY3; adenylate cyclase type 3 isoform X1 [KO:K08043] [EC:4.6.1.1]
120380361  ADCY4; adenylate cyclase type 4 isoform X1 [KO:K08044] [EC:4.6.1.1]
120374831  ADCY5; adenylate cyclase type 5 isoform X1 [KO:K08045] [EC:4.6.1.1]
120391118  ADCY6; adenylate cyclase type 6 isoform X1 [KO:K08046] [EC:4.6.1.1]
120384768  ADCY7; adenylate cyclase type 7 [KO:K08047] [EC:4.6.1.1]
120399258  ADCY8; adenylate cyclase type 8 [KO:K08048] [EC:4.6.1.1]
120373164  ADCY9; adenylate cyclase type 9 isoform X1 [KO:K08049] [EC:4.6.1.1]
120370427  ADCY10; adenylate cyclase type 10 isoform X1 [KO:K11265] [EC:4.6.1.1]
120405152  adenylate cyclase type 10-like isoform X1 [KO:K11265] [EC:4.6.1.1]
120404799  cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha-like [KO:K04345] [EC:2.7.11.11]
120369997  PRKACB; cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit beta isoform X1 [KO:K04345] [EC:2.7.11.11]
120391063  cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha-like [KO:K04345] [EC:2.7.11.11]
120391064  cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha [KO:K04345] [EC:2.7.11.11]
120391216  cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha-like [KO:K04345] [EC:2.7.11.11]
120390744  LIPE; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: hormone-sensitive lipase [KO:K07188] [EC:3.1.1.79]
120372491  APLN; apelin [KO:K05225]
120405583  APELA; apelin receptor early endogenous ligand [KO:K25355]
120386243  apelin receptor-like [KO:K04174]
120404829  APLNR; apelin receptor [KO:K04174]
120393873  guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-1 [KO:K04630]
120404345  GNAI3; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-3 [KO:K04630]
120409233  GNAI2; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-2 [KO:K04630]
120387864  GNB1; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-1 isoform X1 [KO:K04536]
120381775  GNB2; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-2 isoform X1 [KO:K04537]
120401794  GNB3; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-3 [KO:K07825]
120371722  GNB4; guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit beta-4 [KO:K04538]
120373844  GNB5; guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit beta-5 isoform X1 [KO:K04539]
120404623  GNG2; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-2 [KO:K07826]
120369356  GNG3; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-3 [KO:K04540]
120402126  GNG4; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-4 [KO:K04541]
120371138  GNG5; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-5 [KO:K04542]
120370103  guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-5-like [KO:K04542]
120391653  GNG7; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-7 [KO:K04543]
120388718  GNG8; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-8 isoform X1 [KO:K04544]
120407531  GNG10; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-10 [KO:K04545]
120397047  guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-11 [KO:K04546]
120373893  GNG13; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-13 [KO:K04547]
120392169  GNGT2; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-T2 [KO:K04549]
120408086  guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(q) subunit alpha [KO:K04634]
120401080  PLCB4; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase beta-4 isoform X1 [KO:K05858] [EC:3.1.4.11]
120401393  PLCB1; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase beta-1 isoform X1 [KO:K05858] [EC:3.1.4.11]
120403585  PLCB2; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase beta-2 isoform X1 [KO:K05858] [EC:3.1.4.11]
120408928  PLCB3; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase beta-3 [KO:K05858] [EC:3.1.4.11]
120409030  ITPR1; inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04958]
120407194  ITPR2; inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 2 isoform X1 [KO:K04959]
120403535  ITPR3; inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 3 isoform X1 [KO:K04960]
120388242  RYR1; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: ryanodine receptor 1 [KO:K04961]
120400545  RYR2; ryanodine receptor 2 [KO:K04962]
120404167  RYR3; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: ryanodine receptor 3 [KO:K04963]
120404194  CALM1; calmodulin-1 isoform X1 [KO:K02183]
120395373  neo-calmodulin-like [KO:K02183]
120373780  CALML4; calmodulin-like protein 4 isoform X1 [KO:K02183]
120387867  CALML6; calmodulin-like protein 6 isoform X1 [KO:K02183]
120388650  CALM3; calmodulin-3 [KO:K02183]
120380178  neo-calmodulin-like [KO:K02183]
120400752  CALM2; calmodulin-2 isoform X1 [KO:K02183]
120409336  calmodulin-1 [KO:K02183]
120386165  NOS1; nitric oxide synthase, brain [KO:K13240] [EC:1.14.13.39]
120387127  NOS2; nitric oxide synthase, inducible [KO:K13241] [EC:1.14.13.39]
120397587  NOS3; nitric oxide synthase, endothelial isoform X1 [KO:K13242] [EC:1.14.13.39]
120401443  PRKCE; protein kinase C epsilon type isoform X1 [KO:K18050] [EC:2.7.11.13]
120389145  SLC9A1; sodium/hydrogen exchanger 1 [KO:K05742]
120404915  SLC8A3; sodium/calcium exchanger 3 isoform X1 [KO:K05849]
120388155  SLC8A2; sodium/calcium exchanger 2 [KO:K05849]
120399934  SLC8A1; sodium/calcium exchanger 1 isoform X1 [KO:K05849]
120408929  sodium/calcium exchanger 1-like isoform X1 [KO:K05849]
120384598  MYLK3; myosin light chain kinase 3 isoform X1 [KO:K00907] [EC:2.7.11.18]
120374867  MYLK; myosin light chain kinase, smooth muscle isoform X1 [KO:K00907] [EC:2.7.11.18]
120397649  MYLK4; myosin light chain kinase family member 4 [KO:K00907] [EC:2.7.11.18]
120380179  MYLK2; myosin light chain kinase 2, skeletal/cardiac muscle [KO:K00907] [EC:2.7.11.18]
120385881  MYL2; myosin regulatory light chain 2, ventricular/cardiac muscle isoform [KO:K10351]
120398117  MYL3; myosin light chain 3 [KO:K12749]
120405072  HRAS; GTPase HRas [KO:K02833]
120388368  ras-like protein isoform X1 [KO:K07827]
120407327  KRAS; GTPase KRas isoform X1 [KO:K07827]
120404663  NRAS; GTPase NRas [KO:K07828]
120405054  RRAS2; ras-related protein R-Ras2 isoform X1 [KO:K07830]
120388364  RRAS; ras-related protein R-Ras [KO:K07830]
120374898  MRAS; ras-related protein M-Ras [KO:K07831]
120409502  RAF1; RAF proto-oncogene serine/threonine-protein kinase isoform X1 [KO:K04366] [EC:2.7.11.1]
120373628  MAP2K1; dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04368] [EC:2.7.12.2]
120391732  MAP2K2; dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 2 [KO:K04369] [EC:2.7.12.2]
120386132  MAPK1; mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 [KO:K04371] [EC:2.7.11.24]
120404454  MAPK3; mitogen-activated protein kinase 3 isoform X1 [KO:K04371] [EC:2.7.11.24]
120393409  RPS6KB2; ribosomal protein S6 kinase beta-2 isoform X1 [KO:K04688] [EC:2.7.11.1]
120387142  RPS6KB1; ribosomal protein S6 kinase beta-1 [KO:K04688] [EC:2.7.11.1]
120407829  RPS6; 40S ribosomal protein S6 [KO:K02991]
120392244  PIK3CG; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit gamma isoform [KO:K21289] [EC:2.7.1.153]
120383693  PIK3R6; phosphoinositide 3-kinase regulatory subunit 6 isoform X1 [KO:K21290]
120383702  PIK3R5; phosphoinositide 3-kinase regulatory subunit 5 [KO:K21290]
120405059  AKT1; RAC-alpha serine/threonine-protein kinase [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
120388568  AKT2; RAC-beta serine/threonine-protein kinase [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
120401029  AKT3; RAC-gamma serine/threonine-protein kinase isoform X1 [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
120388049  MTOR; serine/threonine-protein kinase mTOR isoform X1 [KO:K07203] [EC:2.7.11.1]
120369620  EGR1; early growth response protein 1 [KO:K09203]
120405720  SPP1; osteopontin [KO:K06250]
120401362  JAG1; protein jagged-1 [KO:K06052]
120391120  NOTCH3; neurogenic locus notch homolog protein 3 isoform X1 [KO:K20995]
120403684  CCND1; G1/S-specific cyclin-D1 isoform X1 [KO:K04503]
120403719  PDE3B; cGMP-inhibited 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase B isoform X1 [KO:K13296] [EC:3.1.4.17]
120408432  PIK3C3; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase catalytic subunit type 3 [KO:K00914] [EC:2.7.1.137]
120397416  PIK3R4; phosphoinositide 3-kinase regulatory subunit 4 [KO:K08333] [EC:2.7.11.1]
120392053  BECN1; beclin-1 [KO:K08334]
120384247  MAP1LC3B; microtubule-associated proteins 1A/1B light chain 3B [KO:K10435]
120380609  MAP1LC3A; microtubule-associated proteins 1A/1B light chain 3A isoform X1 [KO:K10435]
120390974  microtubule-associated proteins 1A/1B light chain 3C-like [KO:K10435]
120400121  MAP1LC3C; microtubule-associated proteins 1A/1B light chain 3C [KO:K10435]
120408983  microtubule-associated proteins 1A/1B light chain 3C-like [KO:K10435]
120370995  PRKAA2; 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha-2 isoform X1 [KO:K07198] [EC:2.7.11.31]
120408099  PRKAA1; 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha-1 [KO:K07198] [EC:2.7.11.31]
120370266  PRKAB2; 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase subunit beta-2 [KO:K07199]
120386364  PRKAB1; 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase subunit beta-1 [KO:K07199]
120391357  PRKAG1; 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase subunit gamma-1 isoform X1 [KO:K07200]
120374750  PRKAG3; 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase subunit gamma-3 [KO:K07200]
120397738  PRKAG2; 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase subunit gamma-2 isoform X1 [KO:K07200]
120373102  PLIN1; perilipin-1 isoform X1 [KO:K08768]
120406703  PPARGC1A; peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha isoform X1 [KO:K07202]
120395456  NRF1; nuclear respiratory factor 1 isoform X1 [KO:K11831]
120369448  TFAM; transcription factor A, mitochondrial [KO:K11830]
120391608  KLF2; Krueppel-like factor 2 [KO:K17845]
120382966  SPHK1; sphingosine kinase 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04718] [EC:2.7.1.91]
120388658  SPHK2; sphingosine kinase 2 isoform X1 [KO:K04718] [EC:2.7.1.91]
120383144  GNA13; guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit alpha-13 [KO:K04639]
120391518  calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type IV-like [KO:K05869] [EC:2.7.11.17]
120407698  CAMK4; calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type IV isoform X1 [KO:K05869] [EC:2.7.11.17]
120392114  HDAC5; histone deacetylase 5 isoform X1 [KO:K11406] [EC:3.5.1.98]
120374606  HDAC4; histone deacetylase 4 isoform X1 [KO:K11406] [EC:3.5.1.98]
120373270  MEF2A; myocyte-specific enhancer factor 2A isoform X1 [KO:K09260]
120391671  MEF2B; myocyte-specific enhancer factor 2B isoform X1 [KO:K09261]
120407822  MEF2C; myocyte-specific enhancer factor 2C isoform X1 [KO:K04454]
120390218  MEF2D; myocyte-specific enhancer factor 2D isoform X1 [KO:K09262]
120396661  TGFBR1; TGF-beta receptor type-1 isoform X1 [KO:K04674] [EC:2.7.11.30]
120408025  SMAD2; mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 2 isoform X1 [KO:K04500]
120373294  SMAD3; mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 3 isoform X1 [KO:K23605]
120407854  SMAD4; mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 4 [KO:K04501]
120390408  mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 4-like isoform X1 [KO:K04501]
120368626  ACTA2; actin, aortic smooth muscle isoform X1 [KO:K12313]
120384549  B-cadherin-like [KO:K05689]
120402313  CCN2; CCN family member 2 [KO:K06827]
120389023  CCN family member 2-like [KO:K06827]
120372100  AGTR1; type-1 angiotensin II receptor [KO:K04166]
120381365  SERPINE1; plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 [KO:K03982]
120397039  PLAT; tissue-type plasminogen activator isoform X1 [KO:K01343] [EC:3.4.21.68]
Compound
C00076  Calcium cation
C00080  H+
C00165  Diacylglycerol
C00290  Fibrin
C00533  Nitric oxide
C00575  3',5'-Cyclic AMP
C01245  D-myo-Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate
C01330  Sodium cation
C06124  Sphingosine 1-phosphate
Reference
PMID:26143239
  Authors
Yang P, Maguire JJ, Davenport AP
  Title
Apelin, Elabela/Toddler, and biased agonists as novel therapeutic agents in the cardiovascular system.
  Journal
Trends Pharmacol Sci 36:560-7 (2015)
DOI:10.1016/j.tips.2015.06.002
Reference
PMID:22140623
  Authors
Andersen CU, Hilberg O, Mellemkjaer S, Nielsen-Kudsk JE, Simonsen U
  Title
Apelin and pulmonary hypertension.
  Journal
Pulm Circ 1:334-46 (2011)
DOI:10.4103/2045-8932.87299
Reference
PMID:25275559
  Authors
Chapman NA, Dupre DJ, Rainey JK
  Title
The apelin receptor: physiology, pathology, cell signalling, and ligand modulation of a peptide-activated class A GPCR.
  Journal
Biochem Cell Biol 92:431-40 (2014)
DOI:10.1139/bcb-2014-0072
Reference
PMID:18272138
  Authors
Japp AG, Newby DE
  Title
The apelin-APJ system in heart failure: pathophysiologic relevance and therapeutic potential.
  Journal
Biochem Pharmacol 75:1882-92 (2008)
DOI:10.1016/j.bcp.2007.12.015
Reference
PMID:25652330
  Authors
Folino A, Montarolo PG, Samaja M, Rastaldo R
  Title
Effects of apelin on the cardiovascular system.
  Journal
Heart Fail Rev 20:505-18 (2015)
DOI:10.1007/s10741-015-9475-x
Reference
PMID:23943882
  Authors
O'Carroll AM, Lolait SJ, Harris LE, Pope GR
  Title
The apelin receptor APJ: journey from an orphan to a multifaceted regulator of homeostasis.
  Journal
J Endocrinol 219:R13-35 (2013)
DOI:10.1530/JOE-13-0227
Reference
PMID:23973488
  Authors
Liu QF, Yu HW, You L, Liu MX, Li KY, Tao GZ
  Title
Apelin-13-induced proliferation and migration induced of rat vascular smooth muscle cells is mediated by the upregulation of Egr-1.
  Journal
Biochem Biophys Res Commun 439:235-40 (2013)
DOI:10.1016/j.bbrc.2013.08.051
Reference
PMID:26254105
  Authors
Novakova V, Sandhu GS, Dragomir-Daescu D, Klabusay M
  Title
Apelinergic system in endothelial cells and its role in angiogenesis in myocardial ischemia.
  Journal
Vascul Pharmacol 76:1-10 (2016)
DOI:10.1016/j.vph.2015.08.005
Reference
PMID:21725702
  Authors
Castan-Laurell I, Dray C, Attane C, Duparc T, Knauf C, Valet P
  Title
Apelin, diabetes, and obesity.
  Journal
Endocrine 40:1-9 (2011)
DOI:10.1007/s12020-011-9507-9
Reference
PMID:23924696
  Authors
Li L, Li L, Xie F, Zhang Z, Guo Y, Tang G, Lv D, Lu Q, Chen L, Li J
  Title
Jagged-1/Notch3 signaling transduction pathway is involved in apelin-13-induced vascular smooth muscle cells proliferation.
  Journal
Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 45:875-81 (2013)
DOI:10.1093/abbs/gmt085
Reference
PMID:24990699
  Authors
Wu D, He L, Chen L
  Title
Apelin/APJ system: a promising therapy target for hypertension.
  Journal
Mol Biol Rep 41:6691-703 (2014)
DOI:10.1007/s11033-014-3552-4
Reference
PMID:20539939
  Authors
Liu C, Su T, Li F, Li L, Qin X, Pan W, Feng F, Chen F, Liao D, Chen L
  Title
PI3K/Akt signaling transduction pathway is involved in rat vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation induced by apelin-13.
  Journal
Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 42:396-402 (2010)
DOI:10.1093/abbs/gmq035
Reference
PMID:26607438
  Authors
Xie F, Liu W, Feng F, Li X, He L, Lv D, Qin X, Li L, Li L, Chen L
  Title
Apelin-13 promotes cardiomyocyte hypertrophy via PI3K-Akt-ERK1/2-p70S6K and PI3K-induced autophagy.
  Journal
Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 47:969-80 (2015)
DOI:10.1093/abbs/gmv111
Reference
PMID:27979574
  Authors
Lu L, Wu D, Li L, Chen L
  Title
Apelin/APJ system: A bifunctional target for cardiac hypertrophy.
  Journal
Int J Cardiol 230:164-170 (2017)
DOI:10.1016/j.ijcard.2016.11.215
Reference
PMID:16182514
  Authors
Carmen GY, Victor SM
  Title
Signalling mechanisms regulating lipolysis.
  Journal
Cell Signal 18:401-8 (2006)
DOI:10.1016/j.cellsig.2005.08.009
Reference
PMID:27650065
  Authors
Hu H, He L, Li L, Chen L
  Title
Apelin/APJ system as a therapeutic target in diabetes and its complications.
  Journal
Mol Genet Metab 119:20-7 (2016)
DOI:10.1016/j.ymgme.2016.07.012
Reference
PMID:25914650
  Authors
Bertrand C, Valet P, Castan-Laurell I
  Title
Apelin and energy metabolism.
  Journal
Front Physiol 6:115 (2015)
DOI:10.3389/fphys.2015.00115
Reference
PMID:26385179
  Authors
Yao F, Lv YC, Zhang M, Xie W, Tan YL, Gong D, Cheng HP, Liu D, Li L, Liu XY, Zheng XL, Tang CK
  Title
Apelin-13 impedes foam cell formation by activating Class III PI3K/Beclin-1-mediated autophagic pathway.
  Journal
Biochem Biophys Res Commun 466:637-43 (2015)
DOI:10.1016/j.bbrc.2015.09.045
Reference
PMID:22842084
  Authors
Than A, Cheng Y, Foh LC, Leow MK, Lim SC, Chuah YJ, Kang Y, Chen P
  Title
Apelin inhibits adipogenesis and lipolysis through distinct molecular pathways.
  Journal
Mol Cell Endocrinol 362:227-41 (2012)
DOI:10.1016/j.mce.2012.07.002
Reference
PMID:24055369
  Authors
Yu XH, Tang ZB, Liu LJ, Qian H, Tang SL, Zhang DW, Tian GP, Tang CK
  Title
Apelin and its receptor APJ in cardiovascular diseases.
  Journal
Clin Chim Acta 428:1-8 (2014)
DOI:10.1016/j.cca.2013.09.001
Reference
PMID:25931124
  Authors
Than A, He HL, Chua SH, Xu D, Sun L, Leow MK, Chen P
  Title
Apelin Enhances Brown Adipogenesis and Browning of White Adipocytes.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 290:14679-91 (2015)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.M115.643817
Reference
PMID:25139773
  Authors
Fu J, Li Z, Zhang H, Mao Y, Wang A, Wang X, Zou Z, Zhang X
  Title
Molecular pathways regulating the formation of brown-like adipocytes in white adipose tissue.
  Journal
Diabetes Metab Res Rev 31:433-52 (2015)
DOI:10.1002/dmrr.2600
Reference
PMID:21464822
  Authors
Aharoni-Simon M, Hann-Obercyger M, Pen S, Madar Z, Tirosh O
  Title
Fatty liver is associated with impaired activity of PPARgamma-coactivator 1alpha (PGC1alpha) and mitochondrial biogenesis in mice.
  Journal
Lab Invest 91:1018-28 (2011)
DOI:10.1038/labinvest.2011.55
Reference
PMID:22995518
  Authors
McLean DL, Kim J, Kang Y, Shi H, Atkins GB, Jain MK, Chun HJ
  Title
Apelin/APJ signaling is a critical regulator of statin effects in vascular endothelial cells--brief report.
  Journal
Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 32:2640-3 (2012)
DOI:10.1161/ATVBAHA.112.300317
Reference
PMID:22028387
  Authors
Pchejetski D, Foussal C, Alfarano C, Lairez O, Calise D, Guilbeau-Frugier C, Schaak S, Seguelas MH, Wanecq E, Valet P, Parini A, Kunduzova O
  Title
Apelin prevents cardiac fibroblast activation and collagen production through inhibition of sphingosine kinase 1.
  Journal
Eur Heart J 33:2360-9 (2012)
DOI:10.1093/eurheartj/ehr389
Reference
PMID:26944568
  Authors
Huang S, Chen L, Lu L, Li L
  Title
The apelin-APJ axis: A novel potential therapeutic target for organ fibrosis.
  Journal
Clin Chim Acta 456:81-8 (2016)
DOI:10.1016/j.cca.2016.02.025
Reference
PMID:19093215
  Authors
Liu G, Han J, Profirovic J, Strekalova E, Voyno-Yasenetskaya TA
  Title
Galpha13 regulates MEF2-dependent gene transcription in endothelial cells: role in angiogenesis.
  Journal
Angiogenesis 12:1-15 (2009)
DOI:10.1007/s10456-008-9123-3
Reference
PMID:23603510
  Authors
Kang Y, Kim J, Anderson JP, Wu J, Gleim SR, Kundu RK, McLean DL, Kim JD, Park H, Jin SW, Hwa J, Quertermous T, Chun HJ
  Title
Apelin-APJ signaling is a critical regulator of endothelial MEF2 activation in cardiovascular development.
  Journal
Circ Res 113:22-31 (2013)
DOI:10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.113.301324
Reference
PMID:25164121
  Authors
Wang LY, Diao ZL, Zhang DL, Zheng JF, Zhang QD, Ding JX, Liu WH
  Title
The regulatory peptide apelin: a novel inhibitor of renal interstitial fibrosis.
  Journal
Amino Acids 46:2693-704 (2014)
DOI:10.1007/s00726-014-1826-8
Reference
PMID:26756969
  Authors
Zhou Y, Deng L, Zhao D, Chen L, Yao Z, Guo X, Liu X, Lv L, Leng B, Xu W, Qiao G, Shan H
  Title
MicroRNA-503 promotes angiotensin II-induced cardiac fibrosis by targeting Apelin-13.
  Journal
J Cell Mol Med 20:495-505 (2016)
DOI:10.1111/jcmm.12754
Reference
PMID:27825851
  Authors
Zhong JC, Zhang ZZ, Wang W, McKinnie SM, Vederas JC, Oudit GY
  Title
Targeting the apelin pathway as a novel therapeutic approach for cardiovascular diseases.
  Journal
Biochim Biophys Acta 1863:1942-1950 (2017)
DOI:10.1016/j.bbadis.2016.11.007
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pathway
mrv04010  MAPK signaling pathway
mrv04020  Calcium signaling pathway
mrv04140  Autophagy - animal
mrv04150  mTOR signaling pathway
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mrv04530  Tight junction
KO pathway
ko04371   
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