KEGG   PATHWAY: opi05207
Entry
opi05207                    Pathway                                
Name
Chemical carcinogenesis - receptor activation - Ochotona princeps (American pika)
Description
Carcinogenesis is a multistage process that consists of initiation, promotion, and progression stages. Chemicals or environmental factors may act at any of these stages to induce and/or enhance the carcinogenic process. Based on their mode-of-action, carcinogens can be classified as genotoxic or non-genotoxic. Genotoxic agent begins their action at the deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) level, causing DNA damage through several mechanisms. Non-genotoxic carcinogens are chemicals that cause the development of tumors through multiple non-genotoxic events and epigenetic alterations without direct interaction with DNA. One non-genotoxic mechanism involves receptor activation. Biological mechanisms involving receptor activation fall into two broad categories: (i) those that involve cell surface receptors and some intracellular receptors that activate signal transduction pathways, resulting in biological responses, including gene transcription, and (ii) those that involve intracellular receptors that translocate into the nucleus and act as transcription factors regulating gene expression. Both classes of receptors can be involved in mechanisms of carcinogenesis.
Class
Human Diseases; Cancer: overview
Pathway map
opi05207  Chemical carcinogenesis - receptor activation
opi05207

Organism
Ochotona princeps (American pika) [GN:opi]
Gene
101518087  CHRNA7; neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-7 [KO:K04809]
101533190  ARRB1; beta-arrestin-1 [KO:K04439]
101518971  ARRB2; beta-arrestin-2 isoform X1 [KO:K04439]
101517070  SRC; proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase Src isoform X2 [KO:K05704] [EC:2.7.10.2]
101534290  RAF1; RAF proto-oncogene serine/threonine-protein kinase isoform X2 [KO:K04366] [EC:2.7.11.1]
101517612  RB1; retinoblastoma-associated protein [KO:K06618]
101529862  E2F1; transcription factor E2F1 [KO:K17454]
101522332  BIRC5; baculoviral IAP repeat-containing protein 5 [KO:K08731]
101530290  E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase XIAP [KO:K04725] [EC:2.3.2.27]
101530634  CDC6; cell division control protein 6 homolog isoform X2 [KO:K02213]
101519009  CDC25A; M-phase inducer phosphatase 1 isoform X1 [KO:K06645] [EC:3.1.3.48]
101518245  JAK2; tyrosine-protein kinase JAK2 [KO:K04447] [EC:2.7.10.2]
101528287  STAT3; signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 isoform X2 [KO:K04692]
101529588  IKBKE; inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa-B kinase subunit epsilon [KO:K07211] [EC:2.7.11.10]
101531631  CCND1; G1/S-specific cyclin-D1 isoform X2 [KO:K04503]
101536091  CHRNA4; neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-4 [KO:K04806]
101520921  CHRNB2; neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit beta-2 [KO:K04813]
101529723  CHRNA3; neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-3 isoform X1 [KO:K04805]
101525060  CHRNB4; neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit beta-4 [KO:K04815]
101536063  CACNA1C; voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1C isoform X1 [KO:K04850]
101524545  CACNA1D; voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1D isoform X1 [KO:K04851]
101519864  CACNA1F; voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1F isoform X1 [KO:K04853]
101529015  CACNA1S; voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1S [KO:K04857]
101523955  CACNA1B; voltage-dependent N-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1B [KO:K04849]
101520695  CACNA1A; voltage-dependent P/Q-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1A isoform X3 [KO:K04344]
101519449  PIK3CA; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha isoform [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
101533851  PIK3CD; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit delta isoform isoform X3 [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
101533024  PIK3CB; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit beta isoform [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
101532354  PIK3R2; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit beta [KO:K02649]
101517982  PIK3R1; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit alpha isoform X1 [KO:K02649]
101528030  phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit gamma isoform X1 [KO:K02649]
101533296  AKT2; RAC-beta serine/threonine-protein kinase [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
101519021  AKT1; RAC-alpha serine/threonine-protein kinase [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
101525801  AKT3; RAC-gamma serine/threonine-protein kinase isoform X1 [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
101525384  MTOR; serine/threonine-protein kinase mTOR [KO:K07203] [EC:2.7.11.1]
101531611  NFKB1; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: nuclear factor NF-kappa-B p105 subunit [KO:K02580]
101530066  RELA; transcription factor p65 [KO:K04735]
101531636  HRAS; GTPase HRas [KO:K02833]
101534080  KRAS; GTPase KRas isoform X1 [KO:K07827]
101524465  NRAS; GTPase NRas [KO:K07828]
101533612  MAP2K1; dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1 [KO:K04368] [EC:2.7.12.2]
105942099  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 2-like [KO:K04369] [EC:2.7.12.2]
101529486  MAP2K2; dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 2 [KO:K04369] [EC:2.7.12.2]
101530701  MAPK3; mitogen-activated protein kinase 3 isoform X1 [KO:K04371] [EC:2.7.11.24]
101525427  mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 [KO:K04371] [EC:2.7.11.24]
101526067  FOS; proto-oncogene c-Fos isoform X1 [KO:K04379]
101521685  JUN; transcription factor AP-1 [KO:K04448]
101522285  MYC; myc proto-oncogene protein [KO:K04377]
101517543  BCL2; apoptosis regulator Bcl-2 [KO:K02161]
101523549  PRKCA; protein kinase C alpha type [KO:K02677] [EC:2.7.11.13]
101523439  PRKCB; protein kinase C beta type isoform X1 [KO:K19662] [EC:2.7.11.13]
101534827  PRKCG; protein kinase C gamma type isoform X1 [KO:K19663] [EC:2.7.11.13]
101523058  VEGFA; vascular endothelial growth factor A isoform X1 [KO:K05448]
101520285  FGF2; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: fibroblast growth factor 2 [KO:K18497]
101519586  ADRB1; beta-1 adrenergic receptor [KO:K04141]
101520586  ADRB2; beta-2 adrenergic receptor [KO:K04142]
101516551  ADRB3; beta-3 adrenergic receptor [KO:K04143]
101526074  neuroendocrine secretory protein 55-like [KO:K04632]
101533323  ADCY1; adenylate cyclase type 1 [KO:K08041] [EC:4.6.1.1]
101528674  ADCY2; adenylate cyclase type 2 [KO:K08042] [EC:4.6.1.1]
101529277  ADCY3; adenylate cyclase type 3 isoform X1 [KO:K08043] [EC:4.6.1.1]
101527552  ADCY4; adenylate cyclase type 4 isoform X2 [KO:K08044] [EC:4.6.1.1]
101526286  ADCY5; adenylate cyclase type 5 [KO:K08045] [EC:4.6.1.1]
101528764  ADCY6; adenylate cyclase type 6 isoform X1 [KO:K08046] [EC:4.6.1.1]
101519430  ADCY7; adenylate cyclase type 7 [KO:K08047] [EC:4.6.1.1]
101523667  ADCY8; adenylate cyclase type 8 isoform X1 [KO:K08048] [EC:4.6.1.1]
101517485  ADCY9; adenylate cyclase type 9 [KO:K08049] [EC:4.6.1.1]
101534210  PRKACB; cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit beta isoform X1 [KO:K04345] [EC:2.7.11.11]
101525119  cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha-like [KO:K04345] [EC:2.7.11.11]
101516221  PRKACA; cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha [KO:K04345] [EC:2.7.11.11]
101532574  CREB1; cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K05870]
101526116  ATF2; cyclic AMP-dependent transcription factor ATF-2 isoform X1 [KO:K04450]
101521567  ATF4; cyclic AMP-dependent transcription factor ATF-4 [KO:K04374]
101532689  CREB3L1; cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 3-like protein 1 [KO:K09048]
101531761  CREB3L2; cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 3-like protein 2 [KO:K09048]
101533371  CREB3L3; cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 3-like protein 3 [KO:K09048]
101532921  CREB3; cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 3 [KO:K09048]
101523446  CREB3L4; cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 3-like protein 4 isoform X1 [KO:K09048]
101534608  CREB5; cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 5 isoform X1 [KO:K09047]
101517365  ATF6B; cyclic AMP-dependent transcription factor ATF-6 beta isoform X1 [KO:K09049]
101525340  GNAI3; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha [KO:K04630]
101516368  GNAI1; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-1 [KO:K04630]
101531957  GNAI2; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-2 [KO:K04630]
101534340  BAD; bcl2-associated agonist of cell death [KO:K02158]
101518760  CHRNA9; neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-9 [KO:K04810]
101518406  RPS6KA1; ribosomal protein S6 kinase alpha-1 isoform X1 [KO:K04373] [EC:2.7.11.1]
101516934  RPS6KA6; ribosomal protein S6 kinase alpha-6 isoform X1 [KO:K04373] [EC:2.7.11.1]
101533181  RPS6KA3; ribosomal protein S6 kinase alpha-3 isoform X1 [KO:K04373] [EC:2.7.11.1]
101522594  RPS6KA2; ribosomal protein S6 kinase alpha-2 isoform X1 [KO:K04373] [EC:2.7.11.1]
101521523  ESR1; estrogen receptor isoform X2 [KO:K08550]
101527550  ESR2; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: estrogen receptor beta [KO:K08551]
101523565  VDR; vitamin D3 receptor [KO:K08539]
101535218  CCND3; G1/S-specific cyclin-D3 isoform X1 [KO:K10152]
101531037  GRB2; growth factor receptor-bound protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K04364]
101534610  SOS1; son of sevenless homolog 1 isoform X1 [KO:K03099]
101525349  SOS2; son of sevenless homolog 2 isoform X1 [KO:K03099]
101532982  EIF4EBP1; eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E-binding protein 1 [KO:K07205]
101526118  RPS6KB2; ribosomal protein S6 kinase beta-2 [KO:K04688] [EC:2.7.11.1]
101528246  RPS6KB1; ribosomal protein S6 kinase beta-1 isoform X1 [KO:K04688] [EC:2.7.11.1]
101521821  PAQR7; membrane progestin receptor alpha [KO:K25039]
101531827  PAQR8; membrane progestin receptor beta [KO:K25040]
101529580  PAQR5; membrane progestin receptor gamma isoform X1 [KO:K25041]
101524403  PGR; progesterone receptor isoform X1 [KO:K08556]
101532341  TNFSF11; tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 11 isoform X1 [KO:K05473]
101526376  tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 11-like [KO:K05473]
101519331  signal transducer and activator of transcription 5A [KO:K11223]
101518842  signal transducer and activator of transcription 5B [KO:K11224]
101532738  BCL6; B-cell lymphoma 6 protein isoform X1 [KO:K15618]
101524919  KLF5; Krueppel-like factor 5 isoform X1 [KO:K09206]
101535347  KLF4; Krueppel-like factor 4 [KO:K17846]
101526533  WNT1; proto-oncogene Wnt-1 [KO:K03209]
101520325  NOTCH2; neurogenic locus notch homolog protein 2 [KO:K20994]
101526503  JAG1; protein jagged-1 [KO:K06052]
101530560  AR; androgen receptor [KO:K08557]
101536206  EGF; pro-epidermal growth factor [KO:K04357]
101535653  FGF20; fibroblast growth factor 20 [KO:K04358]
101519475  FGF4; fibroblast growth factor 4 [KO:K04358]
101519725  FGF3; fibroblast growth factor 3 [KO:K04358]
101535784  FGF5; fibroblast growth factor 5 [KO:K04358]
101519353  FGF10; fibroblast growth factor 10 [KO:K04358]
101532472  FGF16; fibroblast growth factor 16 [KO:K04358]
101518744  FGF9; fibroblast growth factor 9 [KO:K04358]
101520631  FGF7; fibroblast growth factor 7 [KO:K04358]
101522068  FGF17; fibroblast growth factor 17 [KO:K04358]
101533103  FGF18; fibroblast growth factor 18 [KO:K04358]
101521180  FGF22; fibroblast growth factor 22 [KO:K04358]
101524610  FGF8; fibroblast growth factor 8 isoform X3 [KO:K04358]
101528594  FGF6; fibroblast growth factor 6 [KO:K04358]
101517037  DLL4; delta-like protein 4 [KO:K06051]
101525221  DLL3; delta-like protein 3 [KO:K06051]
101530411  DLL1; delta-like protein 1 [KO:K06051]
101523695  PTGES3; prostaglandin E synthase 3 isoform X1 [KO:K15730] [EC:5.3.99.3]
101527181  AH receptor-interacting protein isoform X1 [KO:K17767]
101526105  AIPL1; aryl-hydrocarbon-interacting protein-like 1 [KO:K17767]
101533723  AHR; aryl hydrocarbon receptor [KO:K09093]
101524887  HSP90AB1; heat shock protein HSP 90-beta [KO:K04079]
101524703  HSP90AA1; heat shock protein HSP 90-alpha [KO:K04079]
101523562  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: heat shock protein HSP 90-beta-like [KO:K04079]
101525047  HSP90B1; endoplasmin [KO:K09487]
101528109  KPNA1; importin subunit alpha-5 [KO:K23940]
101535089  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: importin subunit alpha-1-like [KO:K15043]
101525535  KPNA2; importin subunit alpha-1 [KO:K15043]
101528982  KPNA7; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: importin subunit alpha-8 [KO:K15043]
101536056  KPNA4; importin subunit alpha-3 [KO:K23583]
101519167  KPNA3; importin subunit alpha-4 [KO:K23583]
101519297  KPNA6; importin subunit alpha-7 [KO:K15042]
101521333  KPNB1; importin subunit beta-1 [KO:K14293]
101532703  ARNT; aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator [KO:K09097]
101533768  cytochrome P450 1A1 isoform X1 [KO:K07408] [EC:1.14.14.1]
101531725  cytochrome P450 1B1 [KO:K07410] [EC:1.14.14.1]
101530165  EPHX1; epoxide hydrolase 1 [KO:K01253] [EC:3.3.2.9]
101526632  EPHX2; bifunctional epoxide hydrolase 2 [KO:K08726] [EC:3.3.2.10 3.1.3.76]
101532806  EPHX3; epoxide hydrolase 3 [KO:K22368] [EC:3.3.2.10]
101520735  EPHX4; epoxide hydrolase 4 [KO:K22369] [EC:3.3.-.-]
101522707  glutathione S-transferase Mu 3 isoform X2 [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
101522940  glutathione S-transferase Mu 2 isoform X2 [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
101523672  glutathione S-transferase Mu 2-like isoform X4 [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
101524307  glutathione S-transferase Mu 1 isoform X3 [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
101532277  glutathione S-transferase Mu 1-like isoform X2 [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
101532518  glutathione S-transferase Mu 1-like isoform X2 [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
101520678  glutathione S-transferase alpha I-like [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
101531637  glutathione S-transferase A4 [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
101531866  glutathione S-transferase alpha I [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
101532588  glutathione S-transferase A4-like [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
101533070  glutathione S-transferase A6-like [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
101531950  glutathione S-transferase Yc-like [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
101531527  glutathione S-transferase theta-4 [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
101531328  glutathione S-transferase Mu 1 [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
105941642  glutathione S-transferase Mu 2-like isoform X3 [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
101527080  MGST1; microsomal glutathione S-transferase 1 [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
101534648  glutathione S-transferase theta-3-like [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
101531952  GSTO1; glutathione S-transferase omega-1 isoform X1 [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
101531717  glutathione S-transferase omega-2 [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
101516998  MGST2; microsomal glutathione S-transferase 2 [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
101524017  MGST3; microsomal glutathione S-transferase 3 [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
101518979  UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A9-like [KO:K00699] [EC:2.4.1.17]
101533137  UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A1 [KO:K00699] [EC:2.4.1.17]
101525627  UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 2A2 isoform X1 [KO:K00699] [EC:2.4.1.17]
101526359  UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 2B14-like isoform X1 [KO:K00699] [EC:2.4.1.17]
101526841  UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 2B14-like isoform X1 [KO:K00699] [EC:2.4.1.17]
101527092  UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 2B14-like isoform X3 [KO:K00699] [EC:2.4.1.17]
101527508  UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 2B16-like isoform X1 [KO:K00699] [EC:2.4.1.17]
101527754  UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 2B17 [KO:K00699] [EC:2.4.1.17]
101528265  UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 2B16-like [KO:K00699] [EC:2.4.1.17]
101528508  UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 2B15 isoform X1 [KO:K00699] [EC:2.4.1.17]
101528743  UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 2B13-like isoform X1 [KO:K00699] [EC:2.4.1.17]
101521271  UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 2B16-like [KO:K00699] [EC:2.4.1.17]
101519225  UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A9-like [KO:K00699] [EC:2.4.1.17]
118759004  UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 2B16-like [KO:K00699] [EC:2.4.1.17]
101521755  UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 2B13-like [KO:K00699] [EC:2.4.1.17]
118759009  UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 2B31-like [KO:K00699] [EC:2.4.1.17]
101530662  cytochrome P450 2B4 [KO:K07412] [EC:1.14.14.1]
101521565  NR1I3; nuclear receptor subfamily 1 group I member 3 [KO:K08541]
101530642  RXRA; retinoic acid receptor RXR-alpha isoform X2 [KO:K08524]
101533583  RXRB; retinoic acid receptor RXR-beta isoform X1 [KO:K08525]
101523534  RXRG; retinoic acid receptor RXR-gamma [KO:K08526]
101531312  cytochrome P450 3A6-like isoform X1 [KO:K07424] [EC:1.14.14.1]
101532260  cytochrome P450 3A6-like [KO:K07424] [EC:1.14.14.1]
101521480  cytochrome P450 3A6-like [KO:K07424] [EC:1.14.14.1]
101519834  cytochrome P450 3A6-like [KO:K07424] [EC:1.14.14.1]
101526820  PPARA; peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha [KO:K07294]
Compound
C00076  Calcium cation
C00410  Progesterone
C00547  L-Noradrenaline
C00575  3',5'-Cyclic AMP
C00745  Nicotine
C00780  Serotonin
C00788  L-Adrenaline
C00951  Estradiol-17beta
C03690  Bis(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate
C04623  DDT
C05981  Phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate
C06697  Arsenite
C06790  Trichloroethene
C06916  Clofibrate
C07020  Gemfibrozil
C07434  Phenobarbital
C07535  Benzo[a]pyrene
C07557  2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzodioxin
C08150  Medroxyprogesterone acetate
C11042  Hexachlorobenzene
C11150  Trichloroacetate
C11371  Nafenopin
C11906  Sodium arsenite
C13624  Bisphenol A
C14240  Di(2-ethylhexyl) adipate
C14573  3,3',4,4',5-Pentachlorobiphenyl
C15995  Bombesin
C16452  N'-Nitrosonornicotine
C16453  4-(N-Nitrosomethylamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone
Reference
PMID:15660110
  Authors
Luch A.
  Title
Nature and nurture - lessons from chemical carcinogenesis.
  Journal
Nat Rev Cancer 5:113-25 (2005)
DOI:10.1038/nrc1546
Reference
PMID:19631282
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Hernandez LG, van Steeg H, Luijten M, van Benthem J
  Title
Mechanisms of non-genotoxic carcinogens and importance of a weight of evidence approach.
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Mutat Res 682:94-109 (2009)
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Reference
PMID:21444681
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Wu CH, Lee CH, Ho YS
  Title
Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor-based blockade: applications of molecular targets for cancer therapy.
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Clin Cancer Res 17:3533-41 (2011)
DOI:10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-10-2434
Reference
PMID:19194381
  Authors
Schuller HM
  Title
Is cancer triggered by altered signalling of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors?
  Journal
Nat Rev Cancer 9:195-205 (2009)
DOI:10.1038/nrc2590
Reference
PMID:21541211
  Authors
Singh S, Pillai S, Chellappan S
  Title
Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor signaling in tumor growth and metastasis.
  Journal
J Oncol 2011:456743 (2011)
DOI:10.1155/2011/456743
Reference
PMID:31956359
  Authors
Cheng WL, Chen KY, Lee KY, Feng PH, Wu SM
  Title
Nicotinic-nAChR signaling mediates drug resistance in lung cancer.
  Journal
J Cancer 11:1125-1140 (2020)
DOI:10.7150/jca.36359
Reference
PMID:24827506
  Authors
Grando SA
  Title
Connections of nicotine to cancer.
  Journal
Nat Rev Cancer 14:419-29 (2014)
DOI:10.1038/nrc3725
Reference
PMID:24398389
  Authors
Schaal C, Chellappan SP
  Title
Nicotine-mediated cell proliferation and tumor progression in smoking-related cancers.
  Journal
Mol Cancer Res 12:14-23 (2014)
DOI:10.1158/1541-7786.MCR-13-0541
Reference
PMID:21640716
  Authors
Improgo MR, Tapper AR, Gardner PD
  Title
Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor-mediated mechanisms in lung cancer.
  Journal
Biochem Pharmacol 82:1015-21 (2011)
DOI:10.1016/j.bcp.2011.05.020
Reference
PMID:18262664
  Authors
Egleton RD, Brown KC, Dasgupta P
  Title
Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in cancer: multiple roles in proliferation and inhibition of apoptosis.
  Journal
Trends Pharmacol Sci 29:151-8 (2008)
DOI:10.1016/j.tips.2007.12.006
Reference
PMID:24830349
  Authors
Xue J, Yang S, Seng S
  Title
Mechanisms of Cancer Induction by Tobacco-Specific NNK and NNN.
  Journal
Cancers (Basel) 6:1138-56 (2014)
DOI:10.3390/cancers6021138
Reference
PMID:21801603
  Authors
Wen J, Fu JH, Zhang W, Guo M
  Title
Lung carcinoma signaling pathways activated by smoking.
  Journal
Chin J Cancer 30:551-8 (2011)
DOI:10.5732/cjc.011.10059
Reference
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Related
pathway
opi00980  Metabolism of xenobiotics by cytochrome P450
opi03320  PPAR signaling pathway
opi04010  MAPK signaling pathway
opi04024  cAMP signaling pathway
opi04150  mTOR signaling pathway
opi04151  PI3K-Akt signaling pathway
opi04370  VEGF signaling pathway
opi04915  Estrogen signaling pathway
opi05204  Chemical carcinogenesis - DNA adducts
opi05206  MicroRNAs in cancer
opi05208  Chemical carcinogenesis - reactive oxygen species
KO pathway
ko05207   
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