KEGG   PATHWAY: phas00260
Entry
phas00260                   Pathway                                
Name
Glycine, serine and threonine metabolism - Phyllostomus hastatus (greater spear-nosed bat)
Description
Serine is derived from 3-phospho-D-glycerate, an intermediate of glycolysis [MD:M00020], and glycine is derived from serine. Threonine is an essential amino acid, which animals cannot synthesize. In bacteria and plants, threonine is derived from aspartate [MD:M00018].
Class
Metabolism; Amino acid metabolism
Pathway map
phas00260  Glycine, serine and threonine metabolism
phas00260

Module
phas_M00020  Serine biosynthesis, glycerate-3P => serine [PATH:phas00260]
phas_M00047  Creatine pathway [PATH:phas00260]
phas_M00338  Cysteine biosynthesis, homocysteine + serine => cysteine [PATH:phas00260]
phas_M00555  Betaine biosynthesis, choline => betaine [PATH:phas00260]
phas_M00621  Glycine cleavage system [PATH:phas00260]
phas_M00974  Betaine metabolism, animals, betaine => glycine [PATH:phas00260]
Other DBs
GO: 0006544 0006563 0070178 0006566
Organism
Phyllostomus hastatus (greater spear-nosed bat) [GN:phas]
Gene
123812940  SHMT2; serine hydroxymethyltransferase, mitochondrial [KO:K00600] [EC:2.1.2.1]
123809200  SHMT1; serine hydroxymethyltransferase, cytosolic [KO:K00600] [EC:2.1.2.1]
123823204  AGXT; serine--pyruvate aminotransferase [KO:K00830] [EC:2.6.1.44 2.6.1.45 2.6.1.51]
123819918  GRHPR; glyoxylate reductase/hydroxypyruvate reductase [KO:K00049] [EC:1.1.1.79 1.1.1.81]
123814587  GLYCTK; glycerate kinase isoform X1 [KO:K11529] [EC:2.7.1.165]
123811755  PGAM2; phosphoglycerate mutase 2 [KO:K01834] [EC:5.4.2.11]
123829125  PGAM1; phosphoglycerate mutase 1 [KO:K01834] [EC:5.4.2.11]
123829765  BPGM; bisphosphoglycerate mutase [KO:K01837] [EC:5.4.2.4 5.4.2.11]
123804751  PHGDH; D-3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase [KO:K00058] [EC:1.1.1.95 1.1.1.399]
123819807  PSAT1; phosphoserine aminotransferase [KO:K00831] [EC:2.6.1.52]
123806375  PSPH; phosphoserine phosphatase [KO:K01079] [EC:3.1.3.3]
123816234  GCAT; 2-amino-3-ketobutyrate coenzyme A ligase, mitochondrial [KO:K00639] [EC:2.3.1.29]
123813965  L-threonine 3-dehydrogenase, mitochondrial-like [KO:K15789] [EC:1.1.1.103]
123814842  ALAS2; 5-aminolevulinate synthase, erythroid-specific, mitochondrial [KO:K00643] [EC:2.3.1.37]
123830612  ALAS1; 5-aminolevulinate synthase, nonspecific, mitochondrial [KO:K00643] [EC:2.3.1.37]
123832721  MAOA; amine oxidase [flavin-containing] A [KO:K00274] [EC:1.4.3.4]
123832792  MAOB; amine oxidase [flavin-containing] B isoform X1 [KO:K00274] [EC:1.4.3.4]
123817337  AOC2; retina-specific copper amine oxidase [KO:K00276] [EC:1.4.3.21]
123817368  AOC3; membrane primary amine oxidase [KO:K00276] [EC:1.4.3.21]
123820155  GLDC; glycine dehydrogenase (decarboxylating), mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K00281] [EC:1.4.4.2]
123830703  AMT; aminomethyltransferase, mitochondrial [KO:K00605] [EC:2.1.2.10]
123811790  DLD; dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K00382] [EC:1.8.1.4]
123805904  GCSH; glycine cleavage system H protein, mitochondrial [KO:K02437]
123822666  glycine cleavage system H protein, mitochondrial-like [KO:K02437]
123825764  glycine cleavage system H protein, mitochondrial-like [KO:K02437]
123821558  DAO; D-amino-acid oxidase isoform X1 [KO:K00273] [EC:1.4.3.3]
123824867  AGXT2; alanine--glyoxylate aminotransferase 2, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K00827] [EC:2.6.1.44 2.6.1.40]
123808949  GATM; glycine amidinotransferase, mitochondrial [KO:K00613] [EC:2.1.4.1]
123813922  GAMT; guanidinoacetate N-methyltransferase [KO:K00542] [EC:2.1.1.2]
123814580  CHDH; choline dehydrogenase, mitochondrial [KO:K00108] [EC:1.1.99.1]
123818123  ALDH7A1; alpha-aminoadipic semialdehyde dehydrogenase [KO:K14085] [EC:1.2.1.31 1.2.1.8 1.2.1.3]
123824717  BHMT; betaine--homocysteine S-methyltransferase 1 [KO:K00544] [EC:2.1.1.5]
123824645  DMGDH; dimethylglycine dehydrogenase, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K00315] [EC:1.5.8.4]
123817326  PIPOX; peroxisomal sarcosine oxidase [KO:K00306] [EC:1.5.3.1 1.5.3.7]
123823382  SARDH; sarcosine dehydrogenase, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K00314] [EC:1.5.8.3]
123821630  GNMT; glycine N-methyltransferase [KO:K00552] [EC:2.1.1.20]
123828046  CBS; cystathionine beta-synthase isoform X1 [KO:K01697] [EC:4.2.1.22]
123816458  CTH; cystathionine gamma-lyase isoform X1 [KO:K01758] [EC:4.4.1.1]
123822267  SDS; L-serine dehydratase/L-threonine deaminase [KO:K17989] [EC:4.3.1.17 4.3.1.19]
123823485  SDSL; serine dehydratase-like [KO:K17989] [EC:4.3.1.17 4.3.1.19]
123817016  SRR; serine racemase isoform X1 [KO:K12235] [EC:5.1.1.18]
Compound
C00011  CO2
C00014  Ammonia
C00022  Pyruvate
C00037  Glycine
C00048  Glyoxylate
C00049  L-Aspartate
C00065  L-Serine
C00078  L-Tryptophan
C00097  L-Cysteine
C00101  Tetrahydrofolate
C00109  2-Oxobutanoate
C00114  Choline
C00143  5,10-Methylenetetrahydrofolate
C00168  Hydroxypyruvate
C00188  L-Threonine
C00197  3-Phospho-D-glycerate
C00213  Sarcosine
C00258  D-Glycerate
C00263  L-Homoserine
C00300  Creatine
C00430  5-Aminolevulinate
C00441  L-Aspartate 4-semialdehyde
C00546  Methylglyoxal
C00576  Betaine aldehyde
C00581  Guanidinoacetate
C00631  2-Phospho-D-glycerate
C00719  Betaine
C00740  D-Serine
C00986  1,3-Diaminopropane
C01005  O-Phospho-L-serine
C01026  N,N-Dimethylglycine
C01102  O-Phospho-L-homoserine
C01242  [Protein]-S8-aminomethyldihydrolipoyllysine
C01888  Aminoacetone
C02051  Lipoylprotein
C02291  L-Cystathionine
C02737  Phosphatidylserine
C02972  Dihydrolipoylprotein
C03082  4-Phospho-L-aspartate
C03194  (R)-1-Aminopropan-2-ol
C03232  3-Phosphonooxypyruvate
C03283  L-2,4-Diaminobutanoate
C03508  L-2-Amino-3-oxobutanoic acid
C05519  L-Allothreonine
C06231  Ectoine
C06442  N(gamma)-Acetyldiaminobutyrate
C16432  5-Hydroxyectoine
C19929  N(alpha)-Acetyl-L-2,4-diaminobutyrate
Reference
  Authors
Nishizuka Y, Seyama Y, Ikai A, Ishimura Y, Kawaguchi A (eds).
  Title
[Cellular Functions and Metabolic Maps] (In Japanese)
  Journal
Tokyo Kagaku Dojin (1997)
Reference
PMID:11823218
  Authors
Kuhlmann AU, Bremer E.
  Title
Osmotically regulated synthesis of the compatible solute ectoine in Bacillus pasteurii and related Bacillus spp.
  Journal
Appl Environ Microbiol 68:772-83 (2002)
DOI:10.1128/AEM.68.2.772-783.2002
Reference
PMID:10473374
  Authors
Canovas D, Borges N, Vargas C, Ventosa A, Nieto JJ, Santos H.
  Title
Role of Ngamma-acetyldiaminobutyrate as an enzyme stabilizer and an intermediate in the biosynthesis of hydroxyectoine.
  Journal
Appl Environ Microbiol 65:3774-9 (1999)
DOI:10.1128/AEM.65.9.3774-3779.1999
Reference
PMID:17636255
  Authors
Bursy J, Pierik AJ, Pica N, Bremer E.
  Title
Osmotically induced synthesis of the compatible solute hydroxyectoine is mediated by an evolutionarily conserved ectoine hydroxylase.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 282:31147-55 (2007)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.M704023200
Reference
PMID:16707670
  Authors
Garcia-Estepa R, Argandona M, Reina-Bueno M, Capote N, Iglesias-Guerra F, Nieto JJ, Vargas C.
  Title
The ectD gene, which is involved in the synthesis of the compatible solute hydroxyectoine, is essential for thermoprotection of the halophilic bacterium Chromohalobacter salexigens.
  Journal
J Bacteriol 188:3774-84 (2006)
DOI:10.1128/JB.00136-06
Reference
PMID:15470257
  Authors
Arevalo-Rodriguez M, Pan X, Boeke JD, Heitman J
  Title
FKBP12 controls aspartate pathway flux in Saccharomyces cerevisiae to prevent toxic intermediate accumulation.
  Journal
Eukaryot Cell 3:1287-96 (2004)
DOI:10.1128/EC.3.5.1287-1296.2004
Reference
PMID:7639721
  Authors
Rees WD, Hay SM
  Title
The biosynthesis of threonine by mammalian cells: expression of a complete bacterial biosynthetic pathway in an animal cell.
  Journal
Biochem J 309 ( Pt 3):999-1007 (1995)
DOI:10.1042/bj3090999
Reference
PMID:11341914
  Authors
Jacques SL, Nieman C, Bareich D, Broadhead G, Kinach R, Honek JF, Wright GD
  Title
Characterization of yeast homoserine dehydrogenase, an antifungal target: the invariant histidine 309 is important for enzyme integrity.
  Journal
Biochim Biophys Acta 1544:28-41 (2001)
DOI:10.1016/S0167-4838(00)00203-X
Reference
PMID:15520012
  Authors
Chen X, Jhee KH, Kruger WD
  Title
Production of the neuromodulator H2S by cystathionine beta-synthase via the condensation of cysteine and homocysteine.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 279:52082-6 (2004)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.C400481200
Related
pathway
phas00010  Glycolysis / Gluconeogenesis
phas00020  Citrate cycle (TCA cycle)
phas00230  Purine metabolism
phas00250  Alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism
phas00270  Cysteine and methionine metabolism
phas00290  Valine, leucine and isoleucine biosynthesis
phas00330  Arginine and proline metabolism
phas00470  D-Amino acid metabolism
phas00564  Glycerophospholipid metabolism
phas00600  Sphingolipid metabolism
phas00620  Pyruvate metabolism
phas00630  Glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism
phas00640  Propanoate metabolism
phas00860  Porphyrin metabolism
phas00920  Sulfur metabolism
KO pathway
ko00260   
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