KEGG   PATHWAY: pon00260
Entry
pon00260                    Pathway                                
Name
Glycine, serine and threonine metabolism - Pongo abelii (Sumatran orangutan)
Description
Serine is derived from 3-phospho-D-glycerate, an intermediate of glycolysis [MD:M00020], and glycine is derived from serine. Threonine is an essential amino acid, which animals cannot synthesize. In bacteria and plants, threonine is derived from aspartate [MD:M00018].
Class
Metabolism; Amino acid metabolism
Pathway map
pon00260  Glycine, serine and threonine metabolism
pon00260

Module
pon_M00020  Serine biosynthesis, glycerate-3P => serine [PATH:pon00260]
pon_M00047  Creatine pathway [PATH:pon00260]
pon_M00338  Cysteine biosynthesis, homocysteine + serine => cysteine [PATH:pon00260]
pon_M00555  Betaine biosynthesis, choline => betaine [PATH:pon00260]
pon_M00621  Glycine cleavage system [PATH:pon00260]
pon_M00974  Betaine metabolism, animals, betaine => glycine [PATH:pon00260]
Other DBs
GO: 0006544 0006563 0070178 0006566
Organism
Pongo abelii (Sumatran orangutan) [GN:pon]
Gene
100449110  probable low-specificity L-threonine aldolase 1 [KO:K01620] [EC:4.1.2.48]
100171597  SHMT2; serine hydroxymethyltransferase, mitochondrial [KO:K00600] [EC:2.1.2.1]
100171460  SHMT1; serine hydroxymethyltransferase, cytosolic [KO:K00600] [EC:2.1.2.1]
100171897  AGXT; serine--pyruvate aminotransferase [KO:K00830] [EC:2.6.1.44 2.6.1.45 2.6.1.51]
100171680  GRHPR; glyoxylate reductase/hydroxypyruvate reductase [KO:K00049] [EC:1.1.1.79 1.1.1.81]
100433498  GLYCTK; glycerate kinase isoform X1 [KO:K11529] [EC:2.7.1.165]
100462476  PGAM2; phosphoglycerate mutase 2 [KO:K01834] [EC:5.4.2.11]
100174215  PGAM1; phosphoglycerate mutase 1 [KO:K01834] [EC:5.4.2.11]
100435315  phosphoglycerate mutase 1-like [KO:K01834] [EC:5.4.2.11]
100432151  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: phosphoglycerate mutase 1-like [KO:K01834] [EC:5.4.2.11]
100453075  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: phosphoglycerate mutase 1-like [KO:K01834] [EC:5.4.2.11]
100445966  BPGM; bisphosphoglycerate mutase [KO:K01837] [EC:5.4.2.4 5.4.2.11]
100189639  PHGDH; D-3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase [KO:K00058] [EC:1.1.1.95 1.1.1.399]
100459045  PSAT1; phosphoserine aminotransferase [KO:K00831] [EC:2.6.1.52]
100448556  phosphoserine phosphatase-like [KO:K01079] [EC:3.1.3.3]
100172123  PSPH; phosphoserine phosphatase [KO:K01079] [EC:3.1.3.3]
100456377  phosphoserine phosphatase-like isoform X1 [KO:K01079] [EC:3.1.3.3]
100173468  GCAT; 2-amino-3-ketobutyrate coenzyme A ligase, mitochondrial [KO:K00639] [EC:2.3.1.29]
100445336  L-threonine 3-dehydrogenase, mitochondrial [KO:K15789] [EC:1.1.1.103]
100172808  ALAS1; 5-aminolevulinate synthase, nonspecific, mitochondrial precursor [KO:K00643] [EC:2.3.1.37]
100174709  ALAS2; 5-aminolevulinate synthase, erythroid-specific, mitochondrial precursor [KO:K00643] [EC:2.3.1.37]
100171761  MAOB; amine oxidase [flavin-containing] B [KO:K00274] [EC:1.4.3.4]
100171783  MAOA; amine oxidase [flavin-containing] A [KO:K00274] [EC:1.4.3.4]
100445915  membrane primary amine oxidase-like [KO:K00276] [EC:1.4.3.21]
100172863  AOC3; membrane primary amine oxidase [KO:K00276] [EC:1.4.3.21]
100937634  AOC2; retina-specific copper amine oxidase isoform X1 [KO:K00276] [EC:1.4.3.21]
100435297  GLDC; glycine dehydrogenase (decarboxylating), mitochondrial [KO:K00281] [EC:1.4.4.2]
100437477  AMT; aminomethyltransferase, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K00605] [EC:2.1.2.10]
100189862  DLD; dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase, mitochondrial [KO:K00382] [EC:1.8.1.4]
100450790  GCSH; glycine cleavage system H protein, mitochondrial [KO:K02437]
100171568  DAO; D-amino-acid oxidase [KO:K00273] [EC:1.4.3.3]
100171524  AGXT2; alanine--glyoxylate aminotransferase 2, mitochondrial [KO:K00827] [EC:2.6.1.44 2.6.1.40]
100171513  GATM; glycine amidinotransferase, mitochondrial precursor [KO:K00613] [EC:2.1.4.1]
100434735  GAMT; guanidinoacetate N-methyltransferase isoform X1 [KO:K00542] [EC:2.1.1.2]
100450440  CHDH; choline dehydrogenase, mitochondrial [KO:K00108] [EC:1.1.99.1]
100461726  ALDH7A1; alpha-aminoadipic semialdehyde dehydrogenase isoform X1 [KO:K14085] [EC:1.2.1.31 1.2.1.8 1.2.1.3]
100174207  BHMT; betaine--homocysteine S-methyltransferase 1 [KO:K00544] [EC:2.1.1.5]
100457567  DMGDH; dimethylglycine dehydrogenase, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K00315] [EC:1.5.8.4]
100172798  PIPOX; peroxisomal sarcosine oxidase [KO:K00306] [EC:1.5.3.1 1.5.3.7]
100172073  SARDH; sarcosine dehydrogenase, mitochondrial [KO:K00314] [EC:1.5.8.3]
100432507  GNMT; glycine N-methyltransferase [KO:K00552] [EC:2.1.1.20]
100459501  CBS; cystathionine beta-synthase isoform X1 [KO:K01697] [EC:4.2.1.22]
100171474  CTH; cystathionine gamma-lyase [KO:K01758] [EC:4.4.1.1]
100449667  SDS; L-serine dehydratase/L-threonine deaminase [KO:K17989] [EC:4.3.1.17 4.3.1.19]
100450021  SDSL; serine dehydratase-like [KO:K17989] [EC:4.3.1.17 4.3.1.19]
100461570  SRR; serine racemase isoform X1 [KO:K12235] [EC:5.1.1.18]
Compound
C00011  CO2
C00014  Ammonia
C00022  Pyruvate
C00037  Glycine
C00048  Glyoxylate
C00049  L-Aspartate
C00065  L-Serine
C00078  L-Tryptophan
C00097  L-Cysteine
C00101  Tetrahydrofolate
C00109  2-Oxobutanoate
C00114  Choline
C00143  5,10-Methylenetetrahydrofolate
C00168  Hydroxypyruvate
C00188  L-Threonine
C00197  3-Phospho-D-glycerate
C00213  Sarcosine
C00258  D-Glycerate
C00263  L-Homoserine
C00300  Creatine
C00430  5-Aminolevulinate
C00441  L-Aspartate 4-semialdehyde
C00546  Methylglyoxal
C00576  Betaine aldehyde
C00581  Guanidinoacetate
C00631  2-Phospho-D-glycerate
C00719  Betaine
C00740  D-Serine
C00986  1,3-Diaminopropane
C01005  O-Phospho-L-serine
C01026  N,N-Dimethylglycine
C01102  O-Phospho-L-homoserine
C01242  [Protein]-S8-aminomethyldihydrolipoyllysine
C01888  Aminoacetone
C02051  Lipoylprotein
C02291  L-Cystathionine
C02737  Phosphatidylserine
C02972  Dihydrolipoylprotein
C03082  4-Phospho-L-aspartate
C03194  (R)-1-Aminopropan-2-ol
C03232  3-Phosphonooxypyruvate
C03283  L-2,4-Diaminobutanoate
C03508  L-2-Amino-3-oxobutanoic acid
C05519  L-Allothreonine
C06231  Ectoine
C06442  N(gamma)-Acetyldiaminobutyrate
C16432  5-Hydroxyectoine
C19929  N(alpha)-Acetyl-L-2,4-diaminobutyrate
Reference
  Authors
Nishizuka Y, Seyama Y, Ikai A, Ishimura Y, Kawaguchi A (eds).
  Title
[Cellular Functions and Metabolic Maps] (In Japanese)
  Journal
Tokyo Kagaku Dojin (1997)
Reference
PMID:11823218
  Authors
Kuhlmann AU, Bremer E.
  Title
Osmotically regulated synthesis of the compatible solute ectoine in Bacillus pasteurii and related Bacillus spp.
  Journal
Appl Environ Microbiol 68:772-83 (2002)
DOI:10.1128/AEM.68.2.772-783.2002
Reference
PMID:10473374
  Authors
Canovas D, Borges N, Vargas C, Ventosa A, Nieto JJ, Santos H.
  Title
Role of Ngamma-acetyldiaminobutyrate as an enzyme stabilizer and an intermediate in the biosynthesis of hydroxyectoine.
  Journal
Appl Environ Microbiol 65:3774-9 (1999)
DOI:10.1128/AEM.65.9.3774-3779.1999
Reference
PMID:17636255
  Authors
Bursy J, Pierik AJ, Pica N, Bremer E.
  Title
Osmotically induced synthesis of the compatible solute hydroxyectoine is mediated by an evolutionarily conserved ectoine hydroxylase.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 282:31147-55 (2007)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.M704023200
Reference
PMID:16707670
  Authors
Garcia-Estepa R, Argandona M, Reina-Bueno M, Capote N, Iglesias-Guerra F, Nieto JJ, Vargas C.
  Title
The ectD gene, which is involved in the synthesis of the compatible solute hydroxyectoine, is essential for thermoprotection of the halophilic bacterium Chromohalobacter salexigens.
  Journal
J Bacteriol 188:3774-84 (2006)
DOI:10.1128/JB.00136-06
Reference
PMID:15470257
  Authors
Arevalo-Rodriguez M, Pan X, Boeke JD, Heitman J
  Title
FKBP12 controls aspartate pathway flux in Saccharomyces cerevisiae to prevent toxic intermediate accumulation.
  Journal
Eukaryot Cell 3:1287-96 (2004)
DOI:10.1128/EC.3.5.1287-1296.2004
Reference
PMID:7639721
  Authors
Rees WD, Hay SM
  Title
The biosynthesis of threonine by mammalian cells: expression of a complete bacterial biosynthetic pathway in an animal cell.
  Journal
Biochem J 309 ( Pt 3):999-1007 (1995)
DOI:10.1042/bj3090999
Reference
PMID:11341914
  Authors
Jacques SL, Nieman C, Bareich D, Broadhead G, Kinach R, Honek JF, Wright GD
  Title
Characterization of yeast homoserine dehydrogenase, an antifungal target: the invariant histidine 309 is important for enzyme integrity.
  Journal
Biochim Biophys Acta 1544:28-41 (2001)
DOI:10.1016/S0167-4838(00)00203-X
Reference
PMID:15520012
  Authors
Chen X, Jhee KH, Kruger WD
  Title
Production of the neuromodulator H2S by cystathionine beta-synthase via the condensation of cysteine and homocysteine.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 279:52082-6 (2004)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.C400481200
Related
pathway
pon00010  Glycolysis / Gluconeogenesis
pon00020  Citrate cycle (TCA cycle)
pon00230  Purine metabolism
pon00250  Alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism
pon00270  Cysteine and methionine metabolism
pon00290  Valine, leucine and isoleucine biosynthesis
pon00330  Arginine and proline metabolism
pon00470  D-Amino acid metabolism
pon00564  Glycerophospholipid metabolism
pon00600  Sphingolipid metabolism
pon00620  Pyruvate metabolism
pon00630  Glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism
pon00640  Propanoate metabolism
pon00860  Porphyrin metabolism
pon00920  Sulfur metabolism
KO pathway
ko00260   
LinkDB

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