KEGG   PATHWAY: ptr00260
Entry
ptr00260                    Pathway                                
Name
Glycine, serine and threonine metabolism - Pan troglodytes (chimpanzee)
Description
Serine is derived from 3-phospho-D-glycerate, an intermediate of glycolysis [MD:M00020], and glycine is derived from serine. Threonine is an essential amino acid, which animals cannot synthesize. In bacteria and plants, threonine is derived from aspartate [MD:M00018].
Class
Metabolism; Amino acid metabolism
Pathway map
ptr00260  Glycine, serine and threonine metabolism
ptr00260

Module
ptr_M00020  Serine biosynthesis, glycerate-3P => serine [PATH:ptr00260]
ptr_M00047  Creatine pathway [PATH:ptr00260]
ptr_M00338  Cysteine biosynthesis, homocysteine + serine => cysteine [PATH:ptr00260]
ptr_M00555  Betaine biosynthesis, choline => betaine [PATH:ptr00260]
ptr_M00621  Glycine cleavage system [PATH:ptr00260]
ptr_M00974  Betaine metabolism, animals, betaine => glycine [PATH:ptr00260]
Other DBs
GO: 0006544 0006563 0070178 0006566
Organism
Pan troglodytes (chimpanzee) [GN:ptr]
Gene
452007  SHMT2; serine hydroxymethyltransferase, mitochondrial isoform X2 [KO:K00600] [EC:2.1.2.1]
454490  SHMT1; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: serine hydroxymethyltransferase, cytosolic [KO:K00600] [EC:2.1.2.1]
460073  AGXT; serine--pyruvate aminotransferase [KO:K00830] [EC:2.6.1.44 2.6.1.45 2.6.1.51]
465099  GRHPR; glyoxylate reductase/hydroxypyruvate reductase [KO:K00049] [EC:1.1.1.79 1.1.1.81]
460420  GLYCTK; glycerate kinase isoform X1 [KO:K11529] [EC:2.7.1.165]
737767  PGAM2; phosphoglycerate mutase 2 [KO:K01834] [EC:5.4.2.11]
494122  PGAM4; probable phosphoglycerate mutase 4 [KO:K01834] [EC:5.4.2.11]
450650  PGAM1; phosphoglycerate mutase 1 [KO:K01834] [EC:5.4.2.11]
463746  BPGM; bisphosphoglycerate mutase [KO:K01837] [EC:5.4.2.4 5.4.2.11]
739534  PHGDH; D-3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase [KO:K00058] [EC:1.1.1.95 1.1.1.399]
464542  PSAT1; phosphoserine aminotransferase isoform X1 [KO:K00831] [EC:2.6.1.52]
463420  PSPH; phosphoserine phosphatase isoform X1 [KO:K01079] [EC:3.1.3.3]
465383  putative phosphoserine phosphatase-like protein [KO:K01079] [EC:3.1.3.3]
458820  GCAT; 2-amino-3-ketobutyrate coenzyme A ligase, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K00639] [EC:2.3.1.29]
463989  L-threonine 3-dehydrogenase, mitochondrial [KO:K15789] [EC:1.1.1.103]
473626  ALAS2; 5-aminolevulinate synthase, erythroid-specific, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K00643] [EC:2.3.1.37]
460416  ALAS1; 5-aminolevulinate synthase, nonspecific, mitochondrial [KO:K00643] [EC:2.3.1.37]
112207863  5-aminolevulinate synthase, nonspecific, mitochondrial-like [KO:K00643] [EC:2.3.1.37]
465588  MAOB; amine oxidase [flavin-containing] B isoform X1 [KO:K00274] [EC:1.4.3.4]
743285  MAOA; amine oxidase [flavin-containing] A [KO:K00274] [EC:1.4.3.4]
454702  AOC3; membrane primary amine oxidase isoform X3 [KO:K00276] [EC:1.4.3.21]
107969159  membrane primary amine oxidase-like [KO:K00276] [EC:1.4.3.21]
107969160  AOC2; retina-specific copper amine oxidase isoform X1 [KO:K00276] [EC:1.4.3.21]
464987  GLDC; glycine dehydrogenase (decarboxylating), mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K00281] [EC:1.4.4.2]
461012  AMT; aminomethyltransferase, mitochondrial isoform X2 [KO:K00605] [EC:2.1.2.10]
463861  DLD; dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase, mitochondrial [KO:K00382] [EC:1.8.1.4]
742399  glycine cleavage system H protein, mitochondrial [KO:K02437]
468042  GCSH; glycine cleavage system H protein, mitochondrial [KO:K02437]
743881  DAO; D-amino-acid oxidase [KO:K00273] [EC:1.4.3.3]
471573  AGXT2; alanine--glyoxylate aminotransferase 2, mitochondrial isoform X2 [KO:K00827] [EC:2.6.1.44 2.6.1.40]
453401  GATM; glycine amidinotransferase, mitochondrial [KO:K00613] [EC:2.1.4.1]
749982  GAMT; guanidinoacetate N-methyltransferase isoform X1 [KO:K00542] [EC:2.1.1.2]
460450  CHDH; choline dehydrogenase, mitochondrial [KO:K00108] [EC:1.1.99.1]
462033  ALDH7A1; alpha-aminoadipic semialdehyde dehydrogenase [KO:K14085] [EC:1.2.1.31 1.2.1.8 1.2.1.3]
461786  BHMT; betaine--homocysteine S-methyltransferase 1 [KO:K00544] [EC:2.1.1.5]
471505  DMGDH; dimethylglycine dehydrogenase, mitochondrial isoform X2 [KO:K00315] [EC:1.5.8.4]
454541  PIPOX; peroxisomal sarcosine oxidase [KO:K00306] [EC:1.5.3.1 1.5.3.7]
464828  SARDH; sarcosine dehydrogenase, mitochondrial isoform X2 [KO:K00314] [EC:1.5.8.3]
462703  GNMT; glycine N-methyltransferase isoform X2 [KO:K00552] [EC:2.1.1.20]
736626  CBS; cystathionine beta-synthase isoform X1 [KO:K01697] [EC:4.2.1.22]
456939  CTH; cystathionine gamma-lyase isoform X1 [KO:K01758] [EC:4.4.1.1]
452274  SDS; L-serine dehydratase/L-threonine deaminase [KO:K17989] [EC:4.3.1.17 4.3.1.19]
452275  SDSL; serine dehydratase-like [KO:K17989] [EC:4.3.1.17 4.3.1.19]
747543  SRR; serine racemase isoform X3 [KO:K12235] [EC:5.1.1.18]
Compound
C00011  CO2
C00014  Ammonia
C00022  Pyruvate
C00037  Glycine
C00048  Glyoxylate
C00049  L-Aspartate
C00065  L-Serine
C00078  L-Tryptophan
C00097  L-Cysteine
C00101  Tetrahydrofolate
C00109  2-Oxobutanoate
C00114  Choline
C00143  5,10-Methylenetetrahydrofolate
C00168  Hydroxypyruvate
C00188  L-Threonine
C00197  3-Phospho-D-glycerate
C00213  Sarcosine
C00258  D-Glycerate
C00263  L-Homoserine
C00300  Creatine
C00430  5-Aminolevulinate
C00441  L-Aspartate 4-semialdehyde
C00546  Methylglyoxal
C00576  Betaine aldehyde
C00581  Guanidinoacetate
C00631  2-Phospho-D-glycerate
C00719  Betaine
C00740  D-Serine
C00986  1,3-Diaminopropane
C01005  O-Phospho-L-serine
C01026  N,N-Dimethylglycine
C01102  O-Phospho-L-homoserine
C01242  [Protein]-S8-aminomethyldihydrolipoyllysine
C01888  Aminoacetone
C02051  Lipoylprotein
C02291  L-Cystathionine
C02737  Phosphatidylserine
C02972  Dihydrolipoylprotein
C03082  4-Phospho-L-aspartate
C03194  (R)-1-Aminopropan-2-ol
C03232  3-Phosphonooxypyruvate
C03283  L-2,4-Diaminobutanoate
C03508  L-2-Amino-3-oxobutanoic acid
C05519  L-Allothreonine
C06231  Ectoine
C06442  N(gamma)-Acetyldiaminobutyrate
C16432  5-Hydroxyectoine
C19929  N(alpha)-Acetyl-L-2,4-diaminobutyrate
Reference
  Authors
Nishizuka Y, Seyama Y, Ikai A, Ishimura Y, Kawaguchi A (eds).
  Title
[Cellular Functions and Metabolic Maps] (In Japanese)
  Journal
Tokyo Kagaku Dojin (1997)
Reference
PMID:11823218
  Authors
Kuhlmann AU, Bremer E.
  Title
Osmotically regulated synthesis of the compatible solute ectoine in Bacillus pasteurii and related Bacillus spp.
  Journal
Appl Environ Microbiol 68:772-83 (2002)
DOI:10.1128/AEM.68.2.772-783.2002
Reference
PMID:10473374
  Authors
Canovas D, Borges N, Vargas C, Ventosa A, Nieto JJ, Santos H.
  Title
Role of Ngamma-acetyldiaminobutyrate as an enzyme stabilizer and an intermediate in the biosynthesis of hydroxyectoine.
  Journal
Appl Environ Microbiol 65:3774-9 (1999)
DOI:10.1128/AEM.65.9.3774-3779.1999
Reference
PMID:17636255
  Authors
Bursy J, Pierik AJ, Pica N, Bremer E.
  Title
Osmotically induced synthesis of the compatible solute hydroxyectoine is mediated by an evolutionarily conserved ectoine hydroxylase.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 282:31147-55 (2007)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.M704023200
Reference
PMID:16707670
  Authors
Garcia-Estepa R, Argandona M, Reina-Bueno M, Capote N, Iglesias-Guerra F, Nieto JJ, Vargas C.
  Title
The ectD gene, which is involved in the synthesis of the compatible solute hydroxyectoine, is essential for thermoprotection of the halophilic bacterium Chromohalobacter salexigens.
  Journal
J Bacteriol 188:3774-84 (2006)
DOI:10.1128/JB.00136-06
Reference
PMID:15470257
  Authors
Arevalo-Rodriguez M, Pan X, Boeke JD, Heitman J
  Title
FKBP12 controls aspartate pathway flux in Saccharomyces cerevisiae to prevent toxic intermediate accumulation.
  Journal
Eukaryot Cell 3:1287-96 (2004)
DOI:10.1128/EC.3.5.1287-1296.2004
Reference
PMID:7639721
  Authors
Rees WD, Hay SM
  Title
The biosynthesis of threonine by mammalian cells: expression of a complete bacterial biosynthetic pathway in an animal cell.
  Journal
Biochem J 309 ( Pt 3):999-1007 (1995)
DOI:10.1042/bj3090999
Reference
PMID:11341914
  Authors
Jacques SL, Nieman C, Bareich D, Broadhead G, Kinach R, Honek JF, Wright GD
  Title
Characterization of yeast homoserine dehydrogenase, an antifungal target: the invariant histidine 309 is important for enzyme integrity.
  Journal
Biochim Biophys Acta 1544:28-41 (2001)
DOI:10.1016/S0167-4838(00)00203-X
Reference
PMID:15520012
  Authors
Chen X, Jhee KH, Kruger WD
  Title
Production of the neuromodulator H2S by cystathionine beta-synthase via the condensation of cysteine and homocysteine.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 279:52082-6 (2004)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.C400481200
Related
pathway
ptr00010  Glycolysis / Gluconeogenesis
ptr00020  Citrate cycle (TCA cycle)
ptr00230  Purine metabolism
ptr00250  Alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism
ptr00270  Cysteine and methionine metabolism
ptr00290  Valine, leucine and isoleucine biosynthesis
ptr00330  Arginine and proline metabolism
ptr00470  D-Amino acid metabolism
ptr00564  Glycerophospholipid metabolism
ptr00600  Sphingolipid metabolism
ptr00620  Pyruvate metabolism
ptr00630  Glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism
ptr00640  Propanoate metabolism
ptr00860  Porphyrin metabolism
ptr00920  Sulfur metabolism
KO pathway
ko00260   
LinkDB

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