KEGG   PATHWAY: sent00260
Entry
sent00260                   Pathway                                
Name
Glycine, serine and threonine metabolism - Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhi Ty21a
Description
Serine is derived from 3-phospho-D-glycerate, an intermediate of glycolysis [MD:M00020], and glycine is derived from serine. Threonine is an essential amino acid, which animals cannot synthesize. In bacteria and plants, threonine is derived from aspartate [MD:M00018].
Class
Metabolism; Amino acid metabolism
Pathway map
sent00260  Glycine, serine and threonine metabolism
sent00260

Module
sent_M00018  Threonine biosynthesis, aspartate => homoserine => threonine [PATH:sent00260]
sent_M00020  Serine biosynthesis, glycerate-3P => serine [PATH:sent00260]
sent_M00621  Glycine cleavage system [PATH:sent00260]
Other DBs
GO: 0006544 0006563 0070178 0006566
Organism
Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhi Ty21a [GN:sent]
Gene
TY21A_20975  aspartate kinase III [KO:K00928] [EC:2.7.2.4]
TY21A_00005  thrA; bifunctional aspartokinase I/homoserine dehydrogenase I [KO:K12524] [EC:2.7.2.4 1.1.1.3]
TY21A_17755  metL; bifunctional aspartate kinase II/homoserine dehydrogenase II [KO:K12525] [EC:2.7.2.4 1.1.1.3]
TY21A_20250  aspartate-semialdehyde dehydrogenase [KO:K00133] [EC:1.2.1.11]
TY21A_00010  homoserine kinase [KO:K00872] [EC:2.7.1.39]
TY21A_00015  threonine synthase [KO:K01733] [EC:4.2.3.1]
TY21A_10155  L-threonine aldolase [KO:K01620] [EC:4.1.2.48]
TY21A_01530  glyA; serine hydroxymethyltransferase [KO:K00600] [EC:2.1.2.1]
TY21A_17735  serine hydroxymethyltransferase [KO:K00600] [EC:2.1.2.1]
TY21A_09070  putative 2-hydroxyacid dehydrogenase in phoh-csgg intergenic region [KO:K12972] [EC:1.1.1.79 1.1.1.81]
TY21A_19685  2-hydroxyacid dehydrogenase [KO:K00090] [EC:1.1.1.79 1.1.1.81 1.1.1.215]
TY21A_01890  glycerate kinase [KO:K00865] [EC:2.7.1.165]
TY21A_11835  glycerate kinase II [KO:K00865] [EC:2.7.1.165]
TY21A_16050  glycerate kinase I [KO:K00865] [EC:2.7.1.165]
TY21A_14510  glycerate kinase 2 [KO:K00865] [EC:2.7.1.165]
TY21A_10750  gpmA; phosphoglyceromutase [KO:K01834] [EC:5.4.2.11]
TY21A_23540  phosphoglycerate mutase [KO:K15634] [EC:5.4.2.11]
TY21A_19380  phosphoglyceromutase [KO:K15633] [EC:5.4.2.12]
TY21A_15070  D-3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase [KO:K00058] [EC:1.1.1.95 1.1.1.399]
TY21A_09965  phosphoserine aminotransferase [KO:K00831] [EC:2.6.1.52]
TY21A_23505  serB; phosphoserine phosphatase [KO:K01079] [EC:3.1.3.3]
TY21A_07255  3-hydroxy acid dehydrogenase [KO:K16066] [EC:1.1.1.381 1.1.1.-]
TY21A_19355  2-amino-3-ketobutyrate coenzyme A ligase [KO:K00639] [EC:2.3.1.29]
TY21A_19360  tdh; L-threonine 3-dehydrogenase [KO:K00060] [EC:1.1.1.103]
TY21A_15025  glycine dehydrogenase [KO:K00281] [EC:1.4.4.2]
TY21A_15035  gcvT; glycine cleavage system aminomethyltransferase T [KO:K00605] [EC:2.1.2.10]
TY21A_00825  dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase [KO:K00382] [EC:1.8.1.4]
TY21A_15030  glycine cleavage system protein H [KO:K02437]
TY21A_01310  pssA; phosphatidylserine synthase [KO:K00998] [EC:2.7.8.8]
TY21A_03355  L-serine ammonia-lyase [KO:K01752] [EC:4.3.1.17]
TY21A_16015  L-serine dehydratase 3 [KO:K01752] [EC:4.3.1.17]
TY21A_14565  L-serine deaminase II [KO:K01752] [EC:4.3.1.17]
TY21A_05360  L-serine deaminase I [KO:K01752] [EC:4.3.1.17]
TY21A_16040  threonine dehydratase [KO:K01754] [EC:4.3.1.19]
TY21A_17175  threonine dehydratase [KO:K01754] [EC:4.3.1.19]
TY21A_18830  D-serine dehydratase [KO:K01753] [EC:4.3.1.18]
TY21A_14785  putative racemase [KO:K25316] [EC:5.1.1.10]
TY21A_08325  trpA; tryptophan synthase subunit alpha [KO:K01695] [EC:4.2.1.20]
TY21A_08320  tryptophan synthase subunit beta [KO:K01696] [EC:4.2.1.20]
Compound
C00011  CO2
C00014  Ammonia
C00022  Pyruvate
C00037  Glycine
C00048  Glyoxylate
C00049  L-Aspartate
C00065  L-Serine
C00078  L-Tryptophan
C00097  L-Cysteine
C00101  Tetrahydrofolate
C00109  2-Oxobutanoate
C00114  Choline
C00143  5,10-Methylenetetrahydrofolate
C00168  Hydroxypyruvate
C00188  L-Threonine
C00197  3-Phospho-D-glycerate
C00213  Sarcosine
C00258  D-Glycerate
C00263  L-Homoserine
C00300  Creatine
C00430  5-Aminolevulinate
C00441  L-Aspartate 4-semialdehyde
C00546  Methylglyoxal
C00576  Betaine aldehyde
C00581  Guanidinoacetate
C00631  2-Phospho-D-glycerate
C00719  Betaine
C00740  D-Serine
C00986  1,3-Diaminopropane
C01005  O-Phospho-L-serine
C01026  N,N-Dimethylglycine
C01102  O-Phospho-L-homoserine
C01242  [Protein]-S8-aminomethyldihydrolipoyllysine
C01888  Aminoacetone
C02051  Lipoylprotein
C02291  L-Cystathionine
C02737  Phosphatidylserine
C02972  Dihydrolipoylprotein
C03082  4-Phospho-L-aspartate
C03194  (R)-1-Aminopropan-2-ol
C03232  3-Phosphonooxypyruvate
C03283  L-2,4-Diaminobutanoate
C03508  L-2-Amino-3-oxobutanoic acid
C05519  L-Allothreonine
C06231  Ectoine
C06442  N(gamma)-Acetyldiaminobutyrate
C16432  5-Hydroxyectoine
C19929  N(alpha)-Acetyl-L-2,4-diaminobutyrate
Reference
  Authors
Nishizuka Y, Seyama Y, Ikai A, Ishimura Y, Kawaguchi A (eds).
  Title
[Cellular Functions and Metabolic Maps] (In Japanese)
  Journal
Tokyo Kagaku Dojin (1997)
Reference
PMID:11823218
  Authors
Kuhlmann AU, Bremer E.
  Title
Osmotically regulated synthesis of the compatible solute ectoine in Bacillus pasteurii and related Bacillus spp.
  Journal
Appl Environ Microbiol 68:772-83 (2002)
DOI:10.1128/AEM.68.2.772-783.2002
Reference
PMID:10473374
  Authors
Canovas D, Borges N, Vargas C, Ventosa A, Nieto JJ, Santos H.
  Title
Role of Ngamma-acetyldiaminobutyrate as an enzyme stabilizer and an intermediate in the biosynthesis of hydroxyectoine.
  Journal
Appl Environ Microbiol 65:3774-9 (1999)
DOI:10.1128/AEM.65.9.3774-3779.1999
Reference
PMID:17636255
  Authors
Bursy J, Pierik AJ, Pica N, Bremer E.
  Title
Osmotically induced synthesis of the compatible solute hydroxyectoine is mediated by an evolutionarily conserved ectoine hydroxylase.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 282:31147-55 (2007)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.M704023200
Reference
PMID:16707670
  Authors
Garcia-Estepa R, Argandona M, Reina-Bueno M, Capote N, Iglesias-Guerra F, Nieto JJ, Vargas C.
  Title
The ectD gene, which is involved in the synthesis of the compatible solute hydroxyectoine, is essential for thermoprotection of the halophilic bacterium Chromohalobacter salexigens.
  Journal
J Bacteriol 188:3774-84 (2006)
DOI:10.1128/JB.00136-06
Reference
PMID:15470257
  Authors
Arevalo-Rodriguez M, Pan X, Boeke JD, Heitman J
  Title
FKBP12 controls aspartate pathway flux in Saccharomyces cerevisiae to prevent toxic intermediate accumulation.
  Journal
Eukaryot Cell 3:1287-96 (2004)
DOI:10.1128/EC.3.5.1287-1296.2004
Reference
PMID:7639721
  Authors
Rees WD, Hay SM
  Title
The biosynthesis of threonine by mammalian cells: expression of a complete bacterial biosynthetic pathway in an animal cell.
  Journal
Biochem J 309 ( Pt 3):999-1007 (1995)
DOI:10.1042/bj3090999
Reference
PMID:11341914
  Authors
Jacques SL, Nieman C, Bareich D, Broadhead G, Kinach R, Honek JF, Wright GD
  Title
Characterization of yeast homoserine dehydrogenase, an antifungal target: the invariant histidine 309 is important for enzyme integrity.
  Journal
Biochim Biophys Acta 1544:28-41 (2001)
DOI:10.1016/S0167-4838(00)00203-X
Reference
PMID:15520012
  Authors
Chen X, Jhee KH, Kruger WD
  Title
Production of the neuromodulator H2S by cystathionine beta-synthase via the condensation of cysteine and homocysteine.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 279:52082-6 (2004)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.C400481200
Related
pathway
sent00010  Glycolysis / Gluconeogenesis
sent00020  Citrate cycle (TCA cycle)
sent00230  Purine metabolism
sent00250  Alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism
sent00270  Cysteine and methionine metabolism
sent00290  Valine, leucine and isoleucine biosynthesis
sent00300  Lysine biosynthesis
sent00330  Arginine and proline metabolism
sent00460  Cyanoamino acid metabolism
sent00470  D-Amino acid metabolism
sent00564  Glycerophospholipid metabolism
sent00600  Sphingolipid metabolism
sent00620  Pyruvate metabolism
sent00630  Glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism
sent00640  Propanoate metabolism
sent00680  Methane metabolism
sent00860  Porphyrin metabolism
sent00920  Sulfur metabolism
KO pathway
ko00260   
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