Entry
Name
Thermogenesis - Trichechus manatus latirostris (Florida manatee)
Description
Thermogenesis is essential for warm-blooded animals, ensuring normal cellular and physiological function under conditions of environmental challenge. Thermogenesis in brown and beige adipose tissue is mainly controlled by norepinephrine, which is released from sympathetic nervous system in response to cold or dietary stimuli. The mitochondrial uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) is responsible for the process whereby chemical energy is converted into heat in these adipocytes. Activation of these adipocytes leads to an increase in calorie consumption and is expected to improve overweight conditions, providing a potential strategy for treating obesity and its related metabolic disorders.
Class
Organismal Systems; Environmental adaptation
BRITE hierarchy
Pathway map
Ortholog table
Other DBs
Organism
Trichechus manatus latirostris (Florida manatee) [GN:
tmu ]
Gene
101361837 guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(s) subunit alpha isoforms XLas [KO:K04632 ]
101356881 cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K05870 ]
101355964 cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 3-like protein 3 [KO:K09048 ]
101349137 cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 3-like protein 2 [KO:K09048 ]
101344337 cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 3-like protein 4 [KO:K09048 ]
101344076 cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 3-like protein 1 [KO:K09048 ]
101345798 cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 5 isoform X1 [KO:K09047 ]
101342872 LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: mitochondrial brown fat uncoupling protein 1 [KO:K08769 ]
101354166 probable global transcription activator SNF2L2 isoform X1 [KO:K11647 ] [EC:5.6.2.-]
101347788 SWI/SNF-related matrix-associated actin-dependent regulator of chromatin subfamily B member 1 isoform X1 [KO:K11648 ]
101359413 SWI/SNF-related matrix-associated actin-dependent regulator of chromatin subfamily D member 1 isoform X4 [KO:K11650 ]
101359955 SWI/SNF-related matrix-associated actin-dependent regulator of chromatin subfamily D member 3 [KO:K11650 ]
101353479 SWI/SNF-related matrix-associated actin-dependent regulator of chromatin subfamily D member 2 [KO:K11650 ]
101343007 SWI/SNF-related matrix-associated actin-dependent regulator of chromatin subfamily E member 1 [KO:K11651 ]
101344298 AT-rich interactive domain-containing protein 1A isoform X1 [KO:K11653 ]
101344508 AT-rich interactive domain-containing protein 1B isoform X1 [KO:K11653 ]
101356506 peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma isoform X2 [KO:K08530 ]
101340445 peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha isoform X1 [KO:K07202 ]
101356476 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase subunit beta-2 isoform X2 [KO:K07199 ]
101361359 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase subunit beta-1 isoform X2 [KO:K07199 ]
101352672 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase subunit gamma-1 isoform X1 [KO:K07200 ]
101349182 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase subunit gamma-2 isoform X2 [KO:K07200 ]
101350670 fibroblast growth factor receptor substrate 2 isoform X1 [KO:K12461 ]
101343081 LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: regulatory-associated protein of mTOR [KO:K07204 ]
101349133 NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 4, mitochondrial [KO:K03937 ]
101357778 NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 5 [KO:K03938 ]
101340730 NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 6, mitochondrial [KO:K03939 ]
101352739 NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] flavoprotein 3, mitochondrial isoform X2 [KO:K03944 ]
111821539 NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 1-like [KO:K03945 ]
111821167 NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 1 [KO:K03945 ]
101347434 NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 2 [KO:K03946 ]
101356399 NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 3 [KO:K03947 ]
101341663 NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 4-like 2 [KO:K03948 ]
101362071 NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 5 [KO:K03949 ]
101342417 NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 7 [KO:K03951 ]
101351585 NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 8 [KO:K03952 ]
101352289 NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 9, mitochondrial [KO:K03953 ]
101347207 NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 10, mitochondrial [KO:K03954 ]
101353746 NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 11 [KO:K03956 ]
101343020 NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 12 isoform X1 [KO:K11352 ]
111822042 LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 13 [KO:K11353 ]
101361940 NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 1 [KO:K03957 ]
101345814 NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 2, mitochondrial [KO:K03958 ]
101343512 NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 3 [KO:K03959 ]
101348161 NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 4 [KO:K03960 ]
101347019 NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 5, mitochondrial [KO:K03961 ]
101361585 NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 6 [KO:K03962 ]
101350430 NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 7 [KO:K03963 ]
101342802 NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 8, mitochondrial [KO:K03964 ]
101348157 NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 9 [KO:K03965 ]
101356612 NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 10 [KO:K03966 ]
101355955 NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 11, mitochondrial [KO:K11351 ]
101346167 NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 subunit C1, mitochondrial [KO:K03967 ]
101353065 complex I intermediate-associated protein 30, mitochondrial [KO:K18159 ]
111820203 NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex assembly factor 2 [KO:K18160 ]
101353094 NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex assembly factor 3 isoform X2 [KO:K09008 ]
101347650 NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex assembly factor 4 [KO:K18161 ]
101349023 LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: arginine-hydroxylase NDUFAF5, mitochondrial [KO:K18162 ] [EC:2.1.1.-]
101360901 NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) complex I, assembly factor 6 isoform X1 [KO:K18163 ]
101341878 protein arginine methyltransferase NDUFAF7, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K18164 ]
101344620 NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex assembly factor 8 [KO:K24726 ]
101357812 succinate dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] flavoprotein subunit, mitochondrial isoform X2 [KO:K00234 ] [EC:1.3.5.1 ]
101346550 succinate dehydrogenase cytochrome b560 subunit, mitochondrial [KO:K00236 ]
101348027 succinate dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] cytochrome b small subunit, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K00237 ]
101349519 cytochrome b-c1 complex subunit 6, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K00416 ]
101346963 cytochrome c oxidase subunit 4 isoform 2, mitochondrial [KO:K02263 ]
101351241 cytochrome c oxidase subunit 4 isoform 1, mitochondrial [KO:K02263 ]
101355564 cytochrome c oxidase subunit 7A-related protein, mitochondrial [KO:K02270 ]
101346394 cytochrome c oxidase assembly protein COX11, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K02258 ]
105755970 cytochrome c oxidase assembly protein COX16 homolog, mitochondrial [KO:K18182 ]
101359911 LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: mitochondrial inner membrane protein COX18 [KO:K17797 ]
101352336 cytochrome c oxidase assembly factor 3 homolog, mitochondrial [KO:K18175 ]
101355283 cytochrome c oxidase assembly factor 4 homolog, mitochondrial [KO:K18177 ]
101348249 cytochrome c oxidase assembly factor 6 homolog isoform X1 [KO:K18179 ]
101361354 ATP synthase F(0) complex subunit C1, mitochondrial isoform X2 [KO:K02128 ]
101351898 mitochondrial carnitine/acylcarnitine carrier protein [KO:K15109 ]
Compound
Reference
Authors
Inagaki T, Sakai J, Kajimura S
Title
Transcriptional and epigenetic control of brown and beige adipose cell fate and function.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Harms M, Seale P
Title
Brown and beige fat: development, function and therapeutic potential.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Boon MR, Kooijman S, van Dam AD, Pelgrom LR, Berbee JF, Visseren CA, van Aggele RC, van den Hoek AM, Sips HC, Lombes M, Havekes LM, Tamsma JT, Guigas B, Meijer OC, Jukema JW, Rensen PC
Title
Peripheral cannabinoid 1 receptor blockade activates brown adipose tissue and diminishes dyslipidemia and obesity.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Merlin J, Evans BA, Dehvari N, Sato M, Bengtsson T, Hutchinson DS
Title
Could burning fat start with a brite spark? Pharmacological and nutritional ways to promote thermogenesis.
Journal
Reference
Authors
van Dam AD, Kooijman S, Schilperoort M, Rensen PC, Boon MR
Title
Regulation of brown fat by AMP-activated protein kinase.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Kooijman S, van den Heuvel JK, Rensen PC
Title
Neuronal Control of Brown Fat Activity.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Contreras C, Nogueiras R, Dieguez C, Rahmouni K, Lopez M
Title
Traveling from the hypothalamus to the adipose tissue: The thermogenic pathway.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Fruhbeck G, Mendez-Gimenez L, Fernandez-Formoso JA, Fernandez S, Rodriguez A
Title
Regulation of adipocyte lipolysis.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Tansey JT, Sztalryd C, Hlavin EM, Kimmel AR, Londos C
Title
The central role of perilipin a in lipid metabolism and adipocyte lipolysis.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Collins S, Yehuda-Shnaidman E, Wang H
Title
Positive and negative control of Ucp1 gene transcription and the role of beta-adrenergic signaling networks.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Robidoux J, Cao W, Quan H, Daniel KW, Moukdar F, Bai X, Floering LM, Collins S
Title
Selective activation of mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase kinase 3 and p38alpha MAP kinase is essential for cyclic AMP-dependent UCP1 expression in adipocytes.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Hattori K, Naguro I, Okabe K, Funatsu T, Furutani S, Takeda K, Ichijo H
Title
ASK1 signalling regulates brown and beige adipocyte function.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Abe Y, Rozqie R, Matsumura Y, Kawamura T, Nakaki R, Tsurutani Y, Tanimura-Inagaki K, Shiono A, Magoori K, Nakamura K, Ogi S, Kajimura S, Kimura H, Tanaka T, Fukami K, Osborne TF, Kodama T, Aburatani H, Inagaki T, Sakai J
Title
JMJD1A is a signal-sensing scaffold that regulates acute chromatin dynamics via SWI/SNF association for thermogenesis.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Dempersmier J, Sambeat A, Gulyaeva O, Paul SM, Hudak CS, Raposo HF, Kwan HY, Kang C, Wong RH, Sul HS
Title
Cold-inducible Zfp516 activates UCP1 transcription to promote browning of white fat and development of brown fat.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Sambeat A, Gulyaeva O, Dempersmier J, Tharp KM, Stahl A, Paul SM, Sul HS
Title
LSD1 Interacts with Zfp516 to Promote UCP1 Transcription and Brown Fat Program.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Villarroya F, Peyrou M, Giralt M
Title
Transcriptional regulation of the uncoupling protein-1 gene.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Cao W, Daniel KW, Robidoux J, Puigserver P, Medvedev AV, Bai X, Floering LM, Spiegelman BM, Collins S
Title
p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase is the central regulator of cyclic AMP-dependent transcription of the brown fat uncoupling protein 1 gene.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Hondares E, Iglesias R, Giralt A, Gonzalez FJ, Giralt M, Mampel T, Villarroya F
Title
Thermogenic activation induces FGF21 expression and release in brown adipose tissue.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Yao L, Cui X, Chen Q, Yang X, Fang F, Zhang J, Liu G, Jin W, Chang Y
Title
Cold-Inducible SIRT6 Regulates Thermogenesis of Brown and Beige Fat.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Klingenberg M
Title
UCP1 - A sophisticated energy valve.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Bertholet AM, Kirichok Y
Title
UCP1: A transporter for H(+) and fatty acid anions.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Betz MJ, Enerback S
Title
Targeting thermogenesis in brown fat and muscle to treat obesity and metabolic disease.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Tseng YH, Cypess AM, Kahn CR
Title
Cellular bioenergetics as a target for obesity therapy.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Fenzl A, Kiefer FW
Title
Brown adipose tissue and thermogenesis.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Minard AY, Tan SX, Yang P, Fazakerley DJ, Domanova W, Parker BL, Humphrey SJ, Jothi R, Stockli J, James DE
Title
mTORC1 Is a Major Regulatory Node in the FGF21 Signaling Network in Adipocytes.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Fisher FM, Kleiner S, Douris N, Fox EC, Mepani RJ, Verdeguer F, Wu J, Kharitonenkov A, Flier JS, Maratos-Flier E, Spiegelman BM
Title
FGF21 regulates PGC-1alpha and browning of white adipose tissues in adaptive thermogenesis.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Zois NE, Bartels ED, Hunter I, Kousholt BS, Olsen LH, Goetze JP
Title
Natriuretic peptides in cardiometabolic regulation and disease.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Indiveri C, Iacobazzi V, Tonazzi A, Giangregorio N, Infantino V, Convertini P, Console L, Palmieri F
Title
The mitochondrial carnitine/acylcarnitine carrier: function, structure and physiopathology.
Journal
Reference
Authors
McCoin CS, Knotts TA, Adams SH
Title
Acylcarnitines--old actors auditioning for new roles in metabolic physiology.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Ohtomo T, Ino K, Miyashita R, Chigira M, Nakamura M, Someya K, Inaba N, Fujita M, Takagi M, Yamada J
Title
Chronic high-fat feeding impairs adaptive induction of mitochondrial fatty acid combustion-associated proteins in brown adipose tissue of mice.
Journal
Related pathway
tmu04923 Regulation of lipolysis in adipocytes
KO pathway
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