Waardenburg syndrome (WS) is a rare autosomal dominant inherited disorder characterized by sensorineural hearing loss and pigment disturbances of the hair, skin, and iris. Four subtypes of WS have been classified based on the presence or absence of additional symptoms. WS 1 and WS 2 are distinguished by the presence or absence of dystopia canthorum, respectively. WS 3 is similar to WS 1 with additional musculoskeletal abnormalities. WS 4 is characterized by the presence of an aganglionic megacolon. WS is associated with six genes of melanocytic differentiation: PAX3, MITF, SNAI2, SOX10, EDNRB, and EDN3.
Pingault V, Bondurand N, Kuhlbrodt K, Goerich DE, Prehu MO, Puliti A, Herbarth B, Hermans-Borgmeyer I, Legius E, Matthijs G, Amiel J, Lyonnet S, Ceccherini I, Romeo G, Smith JC, Read AP, Wegner M, Goossens M
タイトル
SOX10 mutations in patients with Waardenburg-Hirschsprung disease.