KEGG   ENZYME: 3.4.23.1
Entry
EC 3.4.23.1                 Enzyme                                 
Name
pepsin A;
pepsin;
lactated pepsin;
pepsin fortior;
fundus-pepsin;
elixir lactate of pepsin;
P I;
lactated pepsin elixir;
P II;
pepsin R;
pepsin D
Class
Hydrolases;
Acting on peptide bonds (peptidases);
Aspartic endopeptidases
Reaction(IUBMB)
Preferential cleavage: hydrophobic, preferably aromatic, residues in P1 and P1' positions. Cleaves Phe1!Val, Gln4!His, Glu13!Ala, Ala14!Leu, Leu15!Tyr, Tyr16!Leu, Gly23!Phe, Phe24!Phe and Phe25!Tyr bonds in the B chain of insulin
Comment
The predominant endopeptidase in the gastric juice of vertebrates, formed from pepsinogen A by limited proteolysis. Human pepsin A occurs in five molecular forms. Pig pepsin D [1,2] is unphosphorylated pepsin A. Type example of peptidase family A1.
History
EC 3.4.23.1 created 1961 as EC 3.4.4.1, transferred 1972 to EC 3.4.23.1, modified 1986, modified 1989
Orthology
K06002  pepsin A
Genes
HSA124906959 128966586 5222(PGA5) 643834(PGA3) 643847(PGA4)
PTR107966244 107973353 466625
PPS100973723 117974284 117974931
GGO101127189 101127800 115936196 115936305
PON100271705 100294580 100443904 100454826 112131841 129048592 129048851 129388378
PPYG129007714 129007719 129007727 129007728 129007810
NLE100584713 100585031 100587784 115834651 115834765
HMH116467876
SSYN129482951 129483001 129483055 129483111
MCC100428154 106996192 694562(PGA4) 694646 694706
MCF102141063 135966996 135966997 135966998 135966999 135967000 135967001 135967002 135967003 135967004 135967005 135967249 135967250
MTHB126935493 126936414 126947318
MNI105464653 105464654 105469809 105497458
CSAB103234519 103234533
CATY105573026 105577625
PANU101003454 101004613
TGE112605833 112607149
MLEU105532811 105538290 105541093 105549143
RRO104677990 104679397 115893616
RBB108528773 108533622
TFN117079913 117079914 117080697
PTEH111544779 113224476 113224477
CANG105512307 105512308 105512309 105512363
CJC100385980(PGA) 100414683
SBQ101046858
CIMI108297197
ANAN105718608
CSYR103249430 103249437
MMUR105878641 105878656
LCAT123642154 123642778
PCOQ105825032 105825060
OGA100959164
MMU58803(Pga5)
MCAL110285914
MPAH110334266
RNO60372(Pga5)
MCOC116101033
ANU117721966
MUN110548106
CGE100765022
MAUA101840051
PROB127227752
PLEU114703379(Pga3)
MORG121454760
MFOT126498703
AAMP119802973
NGI103725401
CPOC100723347
CCAN109686117
DORD105995492
DSP122105335
PLOP125362153
NCAR124960389
MMMA107135425
OCU100009429(PGA5) 100328619 100328620 100328624 100345997 100354986 100356146 100356662
OPI101517951 101518196 101522019 101528147 101532770
TUP102490497 102490916
GVR103599824(PGA5)
CFA403711(PGA) 483802
CLUD112659492 112659503
VVP112911052 112911056
VLG121471475 121501350
NPO129503141 129503233
AML100477007 100477257
UMR103678156 103678158
UAH113246924 113246975
UAR123784999 123785363
ELK111150016 111150162
LLV125078929 125079390
MPUF101686817 101687099
MNP132007274 132020475
MLK131813472 131813484
NVS122912974 122912976
EJU114220396 114220528
ZCA113914470 113915145
MLX118015621 118015622
NSU110575876 110575877
LWW102727686 102735437
FCA101080826 493954
PYU121043337 121043339
PCOO112851868 112851869
PBG122482848 122483847
PVIV125176186 125177150
LRUF124506416 124506417
PTG102958291 102958569
PPAD109246530 109246533
PUC125932763 125932815
AJU106977861 106977909
HHV120246171 120246189
BTA281964(PAG1) 337896(PAG3) 337897(PAG2) 337898(PAG4) 337899(PAG5) 337900(PAG6) 337901(PAG7) 337902(PAG8) 337903(PAG9) 337904(PAG10) 337906(PAG12) 337907(PAG11) 337908(PAG14) 337909(PAG15) 337910(PAG16) 337911(PAG18) 337912(PAG17) 337913(PAG19) 337914(PAG20) 337915(PAG21) 414350(PGA5) 504812 517463(MGC157408) 518205(MGC157405) 520130 521902 524173 528815 536947 613739 614287 617765
BOM102264436 102265000 102265282 102265855 102266136 102268966 102270863 102271426 102272836 102276602 102276875 102277159 102277441 102277726 102278006 102278565 102279123 102280746 102280764 102281026 102281311 102281907 102282699 102282991 102283380 102283829 102284103 102284375 102285387 102285676 102286237 102287096 102287613 102288187 102288222
BIU109554089 109554090 109554092 109554096 109554099 109554102 109554104 109554105 109554115 109554169 109554170 109554172 109554174 109554175 109554176 109554177 109554178 109554179 109554180 109554182 109554195 109554207 109554277 109554281 109554652 109554655 109554669 109554679 109554709 109554710 109554722
BBUB102389085 102389426(PAG13) 102389737 102390839(PAG10) 102391066 102391513(PAG9) 102391731 102392722 102393449 102394211 102396238(PAG16) 102399766 102403994 102405429(PAG17) 102406102(PAG18) 102407048 102407349(PAG3) 102410891(PAG19) 102411564 102412388 102413060 102413400(PAG8) 102415339 112577671 112577796 112585188 112585192 112585193 112585273 123333806 123464530 123465815 123465816 123465818
BBIS104982328 104982788 104983226 104983227 104983228 104983231 104983609 104983612 104983924 104983926 104983931 104985996 104988327 104988328 104988329 104988331 104988332 104988335 104988336 104988337 104988338 104988352 104988776 104988778 104988779 104988781 104988782 104988784 104988785 104988786 104988787 104998718 105000419
CHX100861199(PAG-3) 100861202(PAG-6) 100861205(PAG-11) 100861207(PAG12) 100861384(PAG-2) 100861385(PAG-8) 102168812 102169089 102169373 102169460 102169561 102170120 102171766 102172792 102177045 102177512 102178059 102178246 102178345 102178798 102179073 102179637 102179918 102180192 102180463 102180731 102181002 102181270 102181567 102182212 102190769 102191315 108634229
OAS100034671(PAG11) 101101846 101102275 101102348 101102598 101103195 101103278 101104190 101104283 101104438 101104869 101105540 101105611 101105788 101105864 101106045 101106809 101107832 101108616 101108872 101109683 101122394 101122563 101122824 101123081 101123421(PAG5) 114110017 114110019 121818489 121818494 443348 443375(PAG3) 443377(PAG6) 443379(PAG9)
BTAX128068521 128068553 128068554 128068568 128068571 128068733 128068854 128068860 128068875 128068911 128068917 128068929 128068944 128068948 128068953 128068954 128068965 128068974 128068975 128068979 128068982 128068985 128068990 128069020 128069027 128069045 128069047 128069085 128069093 128069152
CSUM138082667 138082668 138082699 138082700 138082721 138082726 138082742 138082773 138082788 138082830 138082831 138082844 138082894 138082897 138082946 138082961 138083018 138083033 138083041 138083104 138083233 138083265 138083285 138083310 138083388 138083429 138083432 138083446 138083450 138083451 138083832 138083906 138083932 138084764
ODA120874066 120874067 120874068 120874070 120874078 120874087 120874489 120874490 120874492 120874493 120874494 120874496 120874497 120874498 120874499 120874500 120874501 120874503 120874504 120874510 120874513 120874514 120874515 120874517 120874519 120874521 120874522 120874524 120874525 120874526
CCAD122430690 122430691 122430692 122430695 122430722 122430731 122430733 122430734 122430736 122430737 122430806 122430807 122430809 122430811 122430828 122430829 122430833 122430846 122430851 122430921 122430934 122430976 122431154 122431155 122431212 122431270(PGA5) 122431272 122431285 122431289
MREE136168790 136168791 136168792 136168793 136168794 136168796 136168797 136168798 136168799 136168800 136168802 136168808 136168810 136168811 136168812 136168944 136169270 136169271 136169272 136169273 136169275 136169277 136169283 136169593 136169595
MBEZ129548453 129548454 129548455 129548456 129548457 129548458 129548459 129548460 129548461 129548898 129548899 129548900 129548901 129548902 129548903 129548904 129548905
SSC100523770 100737419 396749(PAG6) 396892(PGA5)
CFR102523690 102523948
CBAI105070097 105070098
CDK105094886 105094888
VPC102526083 102526333
BACU103000617 103000901 103001089 103001369 103015735
BMUS118899188 118899262 118900140
LVE103088571 103088842 103089111
OOR101270677 101270917 117197331 125965130
DLE111184098(PGA5) 111184099
PCAD102978341 102995056 112067444
PSIU116757831 116757853 116757859
NASI112401997 112402248
ECB100034171(PAG) 100059232 100059273 100059308 100059418 100059452 100059532 100062179
EPZ103541429 103541430 103541865 103542133 103564475 103564476
EAI106844371 106844372 106844374 106844376 106847580 106847581 106847582 123277989
MYB102253898
MYD102770608 102770896 102771180
MMYO118648940 118649058 118649080
MLF102427636 102431463
MDT132241580 132242349 132242350
PKL118707204 118707256 118707297 118713027
EFUS103302602 103303324 103304905 129151244 129151336 129151337
MNA107527577 107527645
DRO112317306 112317361
SHON118996901 118996937
AJM119043698 119043726
PDIC114499122 114500534
PHAS123829204 123829538
MMF118628064 118628733
PPAM129062668 129062771
HAI109389979 109389980
RFQ117030571 117030994
PALE102888000 102897755
PGIG120600616 120600730
PVP105297770 105297972
RAY107504743 107504744
MJV108392379 108392380
TOD119248826 119250082(PGA5)
SARA101536892 101559271
SETR126017687 126018765
LAV100659470 100659756
TMU101358978 101359613
ETF101647055 123522479
DNM101414529 101417594 101418026 101431706 101444138 101444599
GAS123252757
PCW110200727
GGA100857834 395691(PGA5)
PCOC116242881(PGA3) 116242962
MGP100538887 100539041
CJO107314135 107314259
TPAI128087105(PGA5)
LMUT125695327
NMEL110400840 110400846
APLA101790624 101790832 113843741
ACYG106048276 106048277(PGA4) 106048291
CATA118244308 118244702 118244703
AFUL116489514 116490159 116490160
TGU100231572
LSR110484945
SCAN103822146(PGA5)
PMOA120499610(PGA5)
OTC121339715
PRUF121355166
GFR102037280
FAB101814802
OMA130253995
PHI102102519
PMAJ107206062
CCAE111930607
CCW104684125
CBRC103611823(PGA3)
ACOE138111080
ETL114063344
ZAB102061758
ZLE135448419
ACHL103804816
SVG106854640
MMEA130580113
HRT120753742
SATI136362122
FPG101924478
FCH102059794
CCRI104157762
NNT104401834
SHAB115607019
ACUN113481022
TALA104368804
ACHC115351577(PGA5)
HLE104829798(PGA5)
AGEN126047128
HHAR128153102(PGA5)
GCL127017443
CSTI104561457
DPUB104296257
PPUS135186011(PGA5) 135186365 135186366
AVIT104280144
EGZ104122976
NNI104009196
PCAO104043094
AFOR103895344
FGA104072619
CLV102088393 102093714(PGA5)
MUI104542389
TEO104374263
OHA104338052
ACAR104531138
CPEA104386492
CVF104282053
RTD128909631(PGA5)
AAM106494926 106494936 106494944
AROW112960806 112960813 112960818
NPD112952716 112952718 112952719
TGT104578809 104578811 104578826
DNE112988621 112988622
SCAM104140039 104140197(PGA4) 104140263
ASN102369217 102381066 102381309 102381560
AMJ102562633 102562866 102563099 102563341(PGA)
PSS102457305 102457734 112546735
CMY102937464 119566386 119566520
CCAY125637879 125637880
DCC119856942 119857193 119857202 119857205
CPIC101935040 101947751 101948941
TST117876550 117876652
CABI116830862 116830865
MRV120403767 120404368 120404411 120404436 120404871
ACS100567277
ASAO132772205
PVT110078337
SUND121914267
PMUR107292641
CTIG120308333
TSR106556333
PGUT117667183
APRI131184203 131196102
PTEX113449129
NSS113421907
VKO123021122
PMUA114584107(PGA3)
PRAF128417964
ZVI118089968(PGA3)
HCG128338594
GJA107120366
STOW125426686
EMC129324519
XLA108704873 373564(pga4.L)
XTR101732307 496914(pga4)
NPR108797363
RTEM120909127 120921525
BBUF120991866 121003976
BGAR122941247
MUO115482491 115482512 115482519(PGA4)
GSH117348365 117348392
TROS130568081
TDW130440304
IPU100528745(pepa) 108265564 108265567 108273458 108273472
IFU128607899 128607900 128607901 128617431 128617437
PHYP113527478 113531099 113531715
SMEO124388957 124400454 124400455
TFD113648477 113656140 113656142
TVC132853318 132853663 132862479
TRN134317644 134321778
AMEX103025805 125781213
CMAO118809242 118812869 118813177 118813178 118813793
EEE113567496 113576351
CHAR105893285 105893286 105893288 105897298 105901366
TRU777954(pga)
TFS130538977
TNGGSTEN00007644G001
LCO104926693 104929130(pepsin)
NCC104950940 104963537
TBEN117484357 117484397 117489651 117497616
CGOB115008255 115010882 115024450
PGEO117440840 117442404 117442406 117442407 117442408 117442409 117442410 117442411 117446449 117449785
GACU117541938 117551059 117552351 117552352 117552355 117552356
EMAC134869341 134870296 134882298
ELY117247252 117256954 117258668
EFO125880859 125880860 125888010 125891398
PLEP121946912 121955886 121958751
SLUC116041070 116046906
ECRA117937405 117948208
ESP116671261 116693049
PFLV114547920 114554504 114558676
GAT120819344 120829845 120835022
PPUG119213076 119223318 119229984
AFB129090993 129099666 129105528
CLUM117730827 117733387 117748821
PSWI130199450 130203258
CANA137789488 137796265 137800186
CVE137873657 137889500
MSAM119885880 119905579 119916043
SCHU122861528 122867904 122883518
ALAT119009844 119020935 119022982
ASTR137588790 137610684
MZE101463839
ONL100694994 100695263 100705143(pepsin)
OAU116309750 116323568
AOCE111575526 111583420
MCEP125003613 125006889 125023037
POV109626771 109630830
SSEN122777125
HHIP117752630 117753417 117764514
HSP118100633 118100642 118111603
PPLT128426798 128442577
SMAU118288088 118317427
LCF108876567 108886467 108902007
SDU111219015 111219835 111222092
SLAL111659592 111660728 111670646
XGL120794809 120804490
BPEC110164573 110164581
MALB109968383 109972847
BSPL114845438 114855373 114859225 114859226
SJO128357852 128364611 128364619 128364621 128364622 128364623 128364624 128380983
SASA106566404 106572851 106578899 106578900 106578904 106583076 106595343 106597180 106598987
STRU115150602 115156470 115156481 115156492 115156499 115165347 115168669 115198119
OTW112214824 112216405 112221357 112254576 121840697 121840699
OMY100301637 110491330 110492672 110492820 110500741 110528091 118939505
OGO124013815 124031305 124032364 124045488 124047546
ONE115101932 115121821 115121822 115132535 115133664 115139612
OKI109865974 109865975 109872661 109890227 109897127 109908370
OKE118360251 118360634 118378981 118391864 118400291 127915007
SALP111970071 112071263 112073264 112073796 112074857
SNH120045425 120045426 120045427 120045428 120049201 120058779 120058780 120058781 120060808 120065736
CCLU121537350 121546810 121572692 121578536 121581953 123491499
ELS105023047 105023753 105023754 105029188 114828695 114840494 114840495
SFM108933561 108933633 108933638 108939906
PKI111853302 111855030 111855040 111855041 111855046 111856713
AANG118207486 118208267
LOC102685307 102685508 102686258 107076807
PSPA121299679 121299680 121300203 121304648 121304651 121304741 121304775
ARUT117394156 117394170 117426729 117426738 117435810 117435817 117435823 117965965 117966027
PSEX120525872 120525873 120525876 120526871 120526872
LCM102362638 102362903 102363175 102366841
RTP109919764 109919767
CPLA122546493 122562932 122563103 122563104
HOC132828095 132828096 132828154 132828155 132828156 132828353 132828355
LERI129708910 129708992
HHAL106689426
OVIT265_14907
FPOAFPOAC1_009894
FFCNCS54_01292900
TASP36611029(TrAFT101_011675)
MBRN26244274(CARP)
PCHMVFPPC_02168
KMG30164492(I203_106205)
KNE92183439(IAR55_006181)
PPLPOSPLDRAFT_33531
SHSSTEHIDRAFT_32165
FMEFOMMEDRAFT_139113
MRRMoror_17629
CPUTCONPUDRAFT_78571
SLASERLADRAFT_335370 SERLADRAFT_456788
PSTRPst134EA_009551 Pst134EA_031693
MLRMELLADRAFT_123276
PFAPF3D7_0808200
PFHPFHG_02623
PREIPRSY57_0807800
PGABPGSY75_0808200
PLAG39741298(PADL01_0807700)
PYOPY17X_1225700
PCBPCHAS_1223100
PBEPBANKA_1222500
PVVPVVCY_1202340
PKNPKNH_0110500
PVXPVX_088125
PCYPCYB_011900
PMALPMUG01_01023700
PBRS92368583(MKS88_000493)
PRELPRELSG_0109800
PCOTPCOAH_00001280
TANTA02750 TA03860
TPVTP01_0692 TP03_0306
TOTTOT_010000649 TOT_030000542
BEQBEWA_014990 BEWA_037700
BBOBBOV_IV007890 BBOV_IV010360
BMICBMR1_03g00915 BmR1_04g07350
BBIGBBBOND_0108020 BBBOND_0400170
TGOTGME49_246550(ASP3)
BBESBESB_006400
PTMGSPATT00010081001 GSPATT00028205001 GSPATT00034999001
 » show all
Reference
1  [PMID:4167464]
  Authors
Lee D, Ryle AP.
  Title
Pepsinogen D. A fourth proteolytic zymogen from pig gastric mucosa.
  Journal
Biochem J 104:735-41 (1967)
DOI:10.1042/bj1040735
Reference
2  [PMID:4860638]
  Authors
Lee D, Ryle AP.
  Title
Pepsin D. A minor component of commercial pepsin preparations.
  Journal
Biochem J 104:742-8 (1967)
DOI:10.1042/bj1040742
Reference
3  [PMID:6795036]
  Authors
Foltmann B.
  Title
Gastric proteinases--structure, function, evolution and mechanism of action.
  Journal
Essays Biochem 17:52-84 (1981)
Reference
4  [PMID:3941737]
  Authors
James MN, Sielecki AR.
  Title
Molecular structure of an aspartic proteinase zymogen, porcine pepsinogen, at 1.8 A resolution.
  Journal
Nature 319:33-8 (1986)
DOI:10.1038/319033a0
Reference
5
  Authors
Fruton JS.
  Title
Aspartyl proteinases.
  Journal
In: Neuberger A, Brocklehurst K (eds). New Comprehensive Biochemistry: Hydrolytic Enzymes. Vol. 16. Amsterdam: Elsevier; 1987. p. 1-38.
Reference
6  [PMID:3546346]
  Authors
Tang J, Wong RN
  Title
Evolution in the structure and function of aspartic proteases.
  Journal
J Cell Biochem 33:53-63 (1987)
DOI:10.1002/jcb.240330106
Reference
7  [PMID:3139029]
  Authors
Pohl J, Dunn BM.
  Title
Secondary enzyme-substrate interactions: kinetic evidence for ionic interactions between substrate side chains and the pepsin active site.
  Journal
Biochemistry 27:4827-34 (1988)
DOI:10.1021/bi00413a037
Other DBs
ExplorEnz - The Enzyme Database: 3.4.23.1
IUBMB Enzyme Nomenclature: 3.4.23.1
ExPASy - ENZYME nomenclature database: 3.4.23.1
BRENDA, the Enzyme Database: 3.4.23.1
CAS: 9001-75-6
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